ABSTRACT
Coronary artery bypass grafting in older patients usually results in a favorable surgical outcome. To assess whether age confers greater risk for postoperative psychiatric symptoms in these patients, we retrospectively examined 58 cases (mean age 62.5 years) comparing pertinent clinical features of the index patients to matched controls (mean age 51.7 years). Analysis of the data, including scores on preoperative and postoperative scales measuring anxiety, depression, and cognitive function, showed a statistically significant difference in the cognitive performance of the elderly as shown by lower scores on the Mini Mental State examination (chi-square, P less than .025). Our findings support future efforts to address the clinical relevance of cognitive dysfunction in older coronary bypass patients.
Subject(s)
Cognition Disorders/etiology , Coronary Artery Bypass , Postoperative Complications , Age Factors , Aged , Anxiety/etiology , Chronic Disease , Coronary Artery Bypass/psychology , Depression/etiology , Humans , Middle Aged , Occupations , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Literature on psychiatric manifestations of hyperparathyroidism published in the last four decades confirms the unusual features of a case of paranoid psychosis secondary to a parathyroid-adenoma-induced hypercalcaemia. Affective and organic symptoms are overwhelmingly dominant in hypercalcaemic patients; the majority of cases reported are women of 50 years or older, who have been vaguely ill for a prolonged time before the actual endocrinopathy appears. The severity of the psychiatric symptoms does not seem to be related to the degree of hypercalcaemia. Recent findings link the role of calcium and related ions in the production of psychopathological symptoms to membrane phenomena, dopaminergic activity, and neuroendocrine regulation.
Subject(s)
Hypercalcemia/complications , Hyperparathyroidism/complications , Paranoid Disorders/etiology , Adenoma/complications , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Hypercalcemia/etiology , Male , Middle Aged , Parathyroid Neoplasms/complicationsABSTRACT
The 4-amino 5-alkyl-sulfone substituted orthoanisamides can be distinguished from their non-aminated homologues (sultopride) or sulfamoyl homologues (sulpride) mainly by the intensity of their anti-emetic effects with regard to apomorphine and their mode of action, either on hippocampic rhythms or on locomotor rhythms in the Cat.
Subject(s)
Apomorphine/pharmacology , Benzamides/pharmacology , Animals , Cats , Hippocampus/drug effects , Hippocampus/physiology , Locomotion/drug effects , Sulfones/pharmacology , Sulpiride/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The substituted orthoveratramides, derived from the orthopramides by the addition of a second methoxy radical at position 3 in the benzene ring, possess strong endocrinological effects. In particular the N[(allyl-1 pyrrolidinyl-2) methyl] dimethoxy-2-3 sulfamoyl-5 benzamide blocks oestrus in the Rat at doses considerably lower than sultopride and inhibits so-called "castration cell" formation in the pituitary.
Subject(s)
Estrus/drug effects , Pyrrolidines/pharmacology , Animals , Castration , Female , Pituitary Gland/drug effects , Pituitary Gland/physiology , Pregnancy , Rats , Structure-Activity RelationshipSubject(s)
Prostaglandins E, Synthetic/pharmacology , Animals , Diarrhea/chemically induced , Gastric Juice/metabolism , Guinea Pigs , Humans , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Muscle Contraction/drug effects , Muscle, Smooth/drug effects , Prostaglandins E, Synthetic/therapeutic use , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Stomach Ulcer/drug therapy , Stomach Ulcer/etiology , Stress, Psychological , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
Esterification with inversion is a highly stereospecific reaction by which one-step conversion of PGF2alpha to PGF2beta is obtained with very satisfactory yield.
