ABSTRACT
A case of the rare condition pneumosinus dilatans of the maxillary sinus is presented. This is a rare differential diagnosis of a maxillary disease. The diagnostic imaging features of this condition are described, and a recommendation of views for adequately delineating this disorder is given. Only a few cases of pneumosinus dilatans of the maxillary sinus are described in the English-language literature, and the precise cause and pathogenesis remain obscure. We performed an enlargement of the maxillary ostium in order to increase the ventilation of the paranasal sinus. In the short-term follow-up, this patient has been asymptomatic. The postulated mechanism of air trapping in the sinus cavity seems to be logical in this case, because the symptoms were eliminated by surgically decompressing the sinus to overcome this valve mechanism.
Subject(s)
Maxillary Sinus/diagnostic imaging , Paranasal Sinus Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Adolescent , Diagnosis, Differential , Dilatation, Pathologic/diagnostic imaging , Dilatation, Pathologic/surgery , Endoscopy , Humans , Male , Maxillary Sinus/surgery , Paranasal Sinus Diseases/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the sensitivity and specificity of otoscopy and tympanometry in the diagnosis of secretory otitis media. METHODS: A prospective study was performed in 98 children (196 ears) with indication of myringotomy with placement of tympanostomy tube because of the diagnosis of secretory otitis media. All these patients had conductive hearing loss and/or delay of speech and/or low school performance. To evaluate the diagnostic power of the tests, both otoscopy and tympanometry were performed. Myringotomy was established as the gold-standard. The statistical analysis was done using the chi-square test, being significant a p<0.05.RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 6.02 years (sd: 2.93 years). The otoscopy presented sensitivity of 87.5% and specificity of 61.1% and the tympanometry presented sensitivity of 93.75% and specificity of 72.2%. CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistically significant difference in sensitivity between otoscopy and tympanometry for the diagnosis of secretory otitis media, however, tympanometry was significantly more specific than otoscopy (p< 0.01).
ABSTRACT
A retrospective analysis was made of 24 cases of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma treated by the ENT Department of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre between 1975 and 1989. All the patients were male with an average age of 16. All were treated by surgery alone, with an average peri-operative blood loss of 1,784 ml; pre-operative embolization made no significant difference to the blood loss. No other operative complications were encountered. Five patients (21%) had a recurrence, one of which was intracranial and required further surgery to effect a cure. The average length of follow-up was 19 months. We believe that surgical excision must be the treatment of choice for nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.
Subject(s)
Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous/surgery , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Blood Loss, Surgical , Embolization, Therapeutic , Follow-Up Studies , Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous/therapy , Humans , Male , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/therapy , Preoperative Care/methods , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
In this study, the authors analysed retrospectively 161 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome interned at the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre. 115 (71.4%) presented with otolaryngologic lesions. 92.2% were male. The great majority were white and aged between 20 and 50 years of age (88.7%). Homosexual and bisexual males were the most frequent risk group (72.2%). Oropharyngeal candidiasis was the most prevalent head and neck manifestation (86%). Other less common lesions were sinusitis (19.1%) and Kaposi sarcoma (7.8%), mainly on the hard palate. The recognition of these manifestations by the otolaryngologist is important in order to make an early diagnosis and to treat them.
