Influence of history of smoking on the physical capacity of older people.

Among the elderly, smoking is related to death and it contributes to disability associated with chronic diseases. This study aims to verify the influence of a history of smoking on the physical capacity of elderly people, and its relationship with the gender. Elderly people beginning to practice physical activity reported questions about their smoking history and underwent a physical evaluation, consisted by hemodynamic data (blood pressure, heart rate and maximum oxygen consumption), body mass index (BMI), muscular strength, flexibility and balance. Mann-Whitney test and Spearman's test was used to data analysis. The sample consisted of 127 subjects, among whom 26.8% were ex-smokers. There were a higher number of nonsmoking women (p<0.001) than others, and women smoked fewer packets per day (p=0.047). Among the women, those ex-smokers were younger and more flexible in comparison with those nonsmokers (p<0.05). Among the men, the ex-smokers were older and walked more slowly than nonsmokers (p<0.05). There was a correlation between the BMI and duration of smoking time. Smoking cessation benefits the elderly, since the physical variables showed no long-term harm associated with the history of smoking when compared with those of elderly without this habit.

Comparação do equilíbrio corporal de mulheres a partir da meia-idade obesas e não-obesas / Body balance comparison betweeen obese and non-obese women from middle-age on

Este é um estudo comparativo do efeito da obesidade no equilíbrio estático e dinâmico de mulheres a partir da meia-idade. A amostra foi composta por mulheres acima de 50 anos (n=80), distribuídas segundo o índice de massa corporal em grupo não-obeso (n=45) e obeso (n=35), com médias de idade equivalentes. Foram avaliadas quanto à gordura corporal por bioimpedância e quanto ao equilíbrio pelos testes de apoio unipodal (TAU) e de velocidade máxima de andar (VMA). Os dados foram tratados estatisticamente. No TAU em ambos os membros inferiores o grupo não-obeso permaneceu por mais tempo na posição – 25,6 segundos (s) no membro direito e 24,9 s no esquerdo – do que o grupo obeso (19,0 s no direito e17,5 s no esquerdo, p<0,01). No VMA o grupo obeso apresentou marcha mais lenta e velocidade média menor quando comparado ao grupo não obeso (p<0,027). No grupo não-obeso, verificaram-se correlações moderadas entre a gordura corporal e o equilíbrio estático e dinâmico; no grupo obeso não foram encontradas correlações entre a gordura corporal e a maioria das variáveis de equilíbrio. Os resultados evidenciam que a obesidade contribui para o pior desempenho no equilíbrio de mulheres de meia-idade e idosas...

This is a comparative study on the effect of obesity on static and dynamic balance in middle-aged and elderly women. The sample was composed by 80 women over 50 years old, distributed according to the body mass index into a non-obese group (n=45) and an obese group (n=35), with similar mean age. Participants were assessed as to body fat by bioimpedance and submitted to the one leg stance (OLS) and maximum walking speed (MWS) tests. Data were statistically analysed. At the OLS on both feet the non-obese group remained longer in position – 25.6 seconds (s) on the right limb and 24,9 s on the left one – than the obese group (19.0 s on the right, 17.5 s on the left limb, p<0.01). At he MWS test the obese group showed slower walking and lower mean speed than the non-obese group (p<0,027).Within non-obese group results, moderate correlations were found between body fat and static and dynamic balance; in the obese group practically no corresponding correlations were found. Results show that obesity contributes to worse balance performance in middle-age and elderly women...