International consensus is needed on premedication for non-emergency neonatal intubation after survey found wide-ranging policies and practices in 70 countries.

AIM: This study evaluated whether practitioners from 70 countries used premedication for non-emergency neonatal intubation and identified attitudes and experience regarding the safety, side effects and efficiency of neonatal intubation. METHODS: Invitations to take part in the survey were issued between December 18, 2018 and February 4, 2019 to the users of neonatal-based websites and Facebook groups, members of professional societies and the authors of relevant publications in the last five years. RESULTS: We analysed 718 completed questionnaires from 40 European and 30 non-European countries. Most of the responses were from neonatologists (69.6%) and paediatric or neonatal trainees (10.3%). In units without a protocol (31.6%), more than half of the practitioners (60.4%) chose premedication according to personal preference and 37.0%-11.9% of the overall respondents did not use any drugs for non-emergency intubation. The most frequently reported drug combination was fentanyl, atropine and succinylcholine (6.8%). Most of the practitioners (78.5%) use the same drugs for term and preterm infants. Only 24.8% of the physicians were fully satisfied with their premedication practices. CONCLUSION: Nearly 12% of the respondents did not use premedication for non-emergency neonatal intubation. The wide-ranging policies and practices found among the respondents highlight the need for international consensus guidelines.