ABSTRACT
This article evaluates the relations between peer victimization and child and parent reports of social-psychological variables 1.5 years later. Thirty-six children diagnosed with endocrine disorders and their parents completed questionnaires regarding social-psychological functioning. Peer victimization at time 2 was significantly related to concurrent depression, loneliness, externalizing and internalizing symptoms. Hierarchical linear regression equations indicated that peer victimization at baseline was not a significant predictor of time 2 social-psychological functioning when baseline levels of each variable were controlled. Significant correlations were found between baseline and time 2 levels of social anxiety, loneliness, externalizing and internalizing symptoms, with medium to large effect sizes. Peer victimization, social anxiety, loneliness, internalizing and externalizing behavior problems are relatively stable across time. Peer victimization is related to concurrent adjustment problems but may not contribute to the development of new problems. Early identification and intervention is imperative. Medical visits are an opportunity to assess and refer for treatment.
Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Attitude to Health , Endocrine System Diseases/psychology , Peer Group , Social Adjustment , Social Behavior , Adolescent , Anxiety/etiology , Anxiety/psychology , Child , Female , Florida , Humans , Linear Models , Loneliness/psychology , Male , Nursing Methodology Research , Prospective Studies , Psychology, Child , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The psychometric properties of the Pediatric Inventory for Parents, a measure of chronic disease-related parental stress, were examined in a sample of 72 children and adolescents who are overweight. The correlations between disease-related parental stress and general parenting stress, parental and child anxiety and children's behavioral and psychological maladjustment were examined. The results demonstrated excellent internal consistency and modest correlations with a measure of general parenting stress. Significant and positive relations of medium to large effect sizes between disease-related parenting stress and internalizing and externalizing maladjustment were found. Internalizing and externalizing behavior moderated the relations between disease-related parenting stress and parental distress. Recommendations for use of the Pediatric Inventory for Parents in clinical settings and future research directions are discussed.
Subject(s)
Obesity/psychology , Parenting/psychology , Psychological Tests , Stress, Psychological/diagnosis , Adolescent , Anxiety/psychology , Child , Chronic Disease/psychology , Expressed Emotion , Female , Humans , Male , Parent-Child Relations , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the association among diabetes-related bullying, diabetes self-management, metabolic control, and depression in children and adolescents with type I diabetes (TID). STUDY DESIGN: Measures of diabetes-related bullying and depression were administered to 167 youth with TID at their regularly scheduled diabetes care visits. Parents were administered a clinician-rated index of their child's diabetes self-management. HbA1c levels were assessed. RESULTS: Diabetes-related bullying was positively related to HbA1c concentration and negatively related to overall self-management and specifically to adherence to glucose testing and dietary tasks. Depressive symptoms partially mediated the relation between diabetes-related bullying and overall self-management. CONCLUSION: Given the associations between diabetes-related bullying and regimen self-management, the issue of illness-related bullying merits serious attention for pediatricians and school personnel.
