ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study examines the extent to which depression affects specific objective life quality parameters. The respective life quality parameters were investigated on a long-term basis and concern the social and material resources of those persons surveyed. METHOD: The database used for statistical evaluations originates from the longitudinal survey "Zurich Study" initiated in 1979. In this work the evaluations are limited to those persons who participated in all six structured interviews which took place between 1979 and 1999 (278 of initially 591 Persons). The effects of depression on the objective parameters of life quality were analyzed by linear and logistical regressions. RESULTS: According to this study, people suffering from depression show disadvantages regarding their living situation and their civil status. Among them one finds increased divorce and separation quota and they live more frequently alone than persons without depressive disorders. CONCLUSIONS: The findings refer to possible social withdrawal tendencies among people suffering from depression. Social withdrawal tendencies should be counteracted as far as possible by upholding or developing a network of firm contacts and relationships. Special attention should be paid in the therapy of depression patients to working out strategies for solving marriage crises or relationship conflicts.
Subject(s)
Depressive Disorder/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Adult , Causality , Depressive Disorder/diagnosis , Depressive Disorder/epidemiology , Divorce/psychology , Divorce/statistics & numerical data , Female , Humans , Interview, Psychological , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Mathematical Computing , Reference Values , Single Person/psychology , Single Person/statistics & numerical data , Social Adjustment , Social Isolation/psychology , Social Support , SwitzerlandABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The present paper describes the type and prevalence of co-morbid psychiatric disorders in a group of opioid dependent addicts. METHODS: In 17 Swiss centres for heroin-assisted treatment 85 opiate addicts were assessed at entry using the SKID interview. RESULTS: Lifetime prevalence of co-morbid Axis I or Axis II disorders was 86 %. Most frequently patients were diagnosed with a personality disorder (58 %). Second frequently were mood disorders with a prevalence of 55 %, followed by anxiety disorders with a prevalence of 26 %. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of co-morbid psychiatric disorders indicate the urgent necessity to further develop and adapt health services for opioid addicts.
Subject(s)
Heroin/administration & dosage , Mental Disorders/rehabilitation , Opioid-Related Disorders/rehabilitation , Adult , Alcoholism/diagnosis , Alcoholism/epidemiology , Alcoholism/rehabilitation , Cocaine-Related Disorders/diagnosis , Cocaine-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Cocaine-Related Disorders/rehabilitation , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry) , Female , Heroin/adverse effects , Heroin Dependence/diagnosis , Heroin Dependence/epidemiology , Heroin Dependence/rehabilitation , Humans , Male , Mental Disorders/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Opioid-Related Disorders/diagnosis , Opioid-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Rehabilitation Centers , Substance-Related Disorders/diagnosis , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Substance-Related Disorders/rehabilitation , SwitzerlandABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To statistically pool prevalence estimates of all studies on co-morbid psychiatric disorders in samples of opioid addicts. METHODS: 16 studies were identified which comprised 3754 opioid addicts. Meta-analysis was conducted using precision weighted algorithms. RESULTS: 78 % of the opiate addicts had at least one co-morbid psychiatric disorder at least once in their lifetime. Especially personality disorders had a high prevalence (42 %). The second highest prevalence was found with mood disorders (31 %), the third highest prevalence was anxiety disorders with 8 %. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of psychiatric disorders among opioid addicts signaled the need to improve and develop better treatment programs.
