ABSTRACT
Background: The usefulness of routine follow-up Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI-2) in asymptomatic dogs treated for discospondylitis is unknown. Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study investigated the features of MRI-2 in a heterogeneous group of dogs treated for discospondylitis, and if these were associated with the presence or absence of clinical signs. After comparing initial MRI (MRI-1) and MRI-2, an observer, blinded to the dog's clinical signs, described the MRI-2 findings. The study population was then divided into symptomatic or asymptomatic at the time of MRI-2. Two separate observers subjectively classified the discospondylitis as active or inactive. Repeatability and interobserver agreement were evaluated. Results: A total of 25 dogs were included. At the time of MRI-2 16 (64%) dogs were asymptomatic and 9 (36%) were symptomatic. Based on MRI-2, 20 (80%) and 18 (72%) out of 25 dogs were considered to have active discospondylitis by the first and second observers, respectively. Interobserver agreement was moderate. No MRI-2 features were associated with the clinical status. The subjective classification of inactive discospondylitis was significantly associated with asymptomatic clinical status, but the classification of active discospondylitis was evenly distributed between groups. Conclusion: This study did not identify a meaningful association between the clinical status of dogs treated for presumptive discospondylitis and MRI-2 results. There were no specific MRI-2 features which were associated with the clinical status.
ABSTRACT
A 2-year-old crossbreed dog was presented for evaluation of a 6-week history of progressive paraparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography angiography of the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord disclosed multifocal, anomalous, small, vascular structures, distributed throughout the subarachnoid space of the included section of the spinal cord. An additional focal intramedullary lesion was identified extending from T9 to T10 to T12. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of an intramedullary arteriovenous malformation affecting the thoracic spinal cord and leading to diffuse congestion and focal hemorrhages into the affected spinal cord.
Subject(s)
Arteriovenous Malformations , Dog Diseases , Spinal Cord Diseases , Angiography , Animals , Arteriovenous Malformations/complications , Arteriovenous Malformations/diagnostic imaging , Arteriovenous Malformations/veterinary , Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Dog Diseases/etiology , Dogs , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/veterinary , Spinal Cord/diagnostic imaging , Spinal Cord Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Spinal Cord Diseases/etiology , Spinal Cord Diseases/veterinarySubject(s)
Automation , Flow Cytometry , Genetic Variation/genetics , Hematologic Tests , Hemoglobins, Abnormal/genetics , HumansSubject(s)
Genetic Diseases, Inborn/diagnosis , Rare Diseases/diagnosis , Chediak-Higashi Syndrome/diagnosis , Child , Child, Preschool , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis , Hematologic Tests/methods , Humans , Incidental Findings , Male , Mucopolysaccharidosis VI/diagnosis , Thrombocytopenia/congenital , Thrombocytopenia/diagnosisSubject(s)
5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase/genetics , Anemia, Sideroblastic/genetics , Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/genetics , Mutation, Missense/genetics , Anemia, Sideroblastic/blood , Child , Chromosomes, Human, X/genetics , Erythrocytes , Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/blood , Hemizygote , Heterozygote , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Com intuito de examinar até que ponto uma educação artística precoce pode estimular o desenvolvimento da criatividade potencial infantil, foi conduzido um experimento de comparação entre crianças com educação artística 'livre' (experiência em escolinha de arte) e crianças sem tal experiência. A comparação baseou-se nos critérios de criatividade estabelecidos por Guilford. A amostra, selecionada a partir de diferentes critérios (idade, nível intelectual e socioeconômico, escolaridade), constitui-se de 60 sujeitos divididos em dois grupos: grupo 1: crianças com experiência criativa; grupo 2: crianças sem experiência criativa. Os sujeitos foram submetidos ao Z-teste de Zulliger, tendo sido os resultados avaliados pela distribuição t de Student. Constatou-se que a influência da educação artística parece fazer-se mais no sentido de uma exteriorização da capacidade criativa do que propriamente num desenvolvimento da potencialidade (AU)
