ABSTRACT
Tapioca starch (TS) is produced from Cassaca roots and it is differentiated from other starches because it contains about 17-20% amylase and low amount of residual substances. Propranolol (POP) is a non-selective beta-adrenergic blocking agent and it is in the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential of TS in the development of POP tablets by means of direct compression. Its evaluation was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) relaxometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), uniformity of weight, drug content, disintegration, friability, hardness, dissolution test and drug release kinetics. The TS granules were spherical with mean diameter of 10.09 ± 1.85 µm. The XRD, FTIR and NMR suggested physical interaction between TS and POP. The tablets presented average diameter of 1.1 ± 0.0 cm, 0.24 ± 0.02 cm thickness and average weight of 0.544 ± 0.003 g. The hardness of tablets was 10.98 ± 0.31 N and the percentage of friability was 25.74 ± 0.08%. POP was released after 45 min and the release kinetics properly fitted the Hixson-Crowell equation.
Subject(s)
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/chemistry , Excipients/chemistry , Manihot/chemistry , Propranolol/chemistry , Starch/chemistry , Tablets/chemistry , Drug Design , Hardness Tests , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Materials Testing , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Particle Size , Reference Values , Reproducibility of Results , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Time Factors , X-Ray DiffractionABSTRACT
Extratos e frações de frutos e raízes de Physalis angulata L. (Solanaceae) foram ensaiados para encontrar atividade antimicrobiana. Aplicando o método de difusão em agar, todas as amostras foram testadas contra Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. O extrato etanólico dos frutos apresentou atividade antibacteriana, a qual teve a atividade fototóxica estimada em cobaias quando expostas a luz ultravioleta, e não foram observados eritemas. Esses dados impulsionaram a pesquisar diferentes formas de obtenção de extratos da planta, com o objetivo de preparar formulações com atividade anti-séptica, que possam se apresentar mais eficazes e seguras, quando aplicadas no tratamento de doenças infecciosas.
Extracts and fractions of Physalis angulata L. prepared from fruits and roots were assayed to find out antimicrobial activity. Using the agar diffusion method all samples were tested against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. The ethanolic extract of the fruits displayed bacterial activity. Phototoxic property was estimated with guinea pigs when they were exposed to ultraviolet light, no erythemas were observed. These data encouraged us to look for different forms of extracts wich could be applied as a safe and effective antiseptic product.
