[The clinical/laboratory support for using melatonin in chronic cerebrovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome]. / Kliniko-laboratornoe obosnovanie primeneniia melatonina pri khronicheskikh tserebrovaskuliarnykh zabolevaniiakh i metabolicheskom sindrome.

AIM: To evaluate a role of melatonin deficiency in the metabolic syndrome and chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and seventy-nine men, aged 45-75 years, with CCI and components of metabolic syndrome (MS) were examined. Intima-media thickness (IMT) in the carotid arteries and cerebrovascular reactivity was assessed by the results of duplex scanning and hypercapnic test. Cholesterol spectrum parameters, glucose metabolism, inflammatory mediators, markers of lipid metabolism were measured in the blood serum. Daily changes in melatonin production were determined by measuring 6-SMT, a melatonin metabolite, in morning, evening and night urine. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The levels of total 6-SMT excretion were 17.2 [10.01; 36.8] mcg/day. Patients with the values <10.01 and >36.8 mcg/day significantly differed by the PAI-1, leptin/adiponectin ratio, IMT and cerebrovascular activity. The combination of 4 or 5 MS components was identified in 19 (42%) patients with low 6-SMT excretion and only in 7 (15%) with high excretion (OR=3.9; 95% CI 1.3-12.2; p=0.01). Thus, the low level of endogenic melatonin and disturbances of circadian dynamics of its synthesis with the decrease in the night and increase in the evening portions are the risk factors for MS and CCI. Addition of melatonin in the complex treatment of CCI associated with MS and the low level of endogenic melatonin is pathogenetically explained.

[COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SEROTONIN LEVELS IN RAT PLATELETS, SERUM AND BRAIN ON THE AGING].

Serotonin functions as neurotransmitter in central nervous system and is involved in the regulation of vascular tone, gastro-intestinal motility and blood coagulation in the periphery. The appearance of new data on the significant correlation between serotonin levels in platelets and cerebrospinal fluid (Audhya et al., 2012) renewed interest in the hypothesis in which the platelet is seen as a model of cerotoninergic neuron. In our study, the levels of serotonin in platelets, serum and various brain regions of rats aged 6 and 24 months have been determined and comparatively analyzed. The method of high performance liquid chromatography was used. The decrease of serotonin level in platelets from 0.768 to 0.359 µg per 10(9) cells and its increase in the middle brain from 0.260 to 0.439 µg per 1 of wet weight have been clearly demonstrated in aging of animals. The differences in the content of serotonin in other parts of the brain and in the blood serum of young and old animals were statistically insignificant. Therefore, despite the attractiveness of the concept of platelet as a model of a neuron, the extrapolation of the data on platelet serotonin transport into neuronal ones requires caution, especially in the study of aging.