ABSTRACT
Bombyx batryticatus is the dried dead larva of silkworms after infection by a fatal fungi Beauveria bassiana. It's a challenging task to monitor intrinsic biological macromolecules in this natural medicine. In this study, a novel strategy based on comparative proteomic analysis was developed to disclose inherent differences between processed and highly processed Bombyx batryticatus. First, protein and amino acid contents were determined, and the changes in proteins after highly processing the medicine were profiled through electrophoresis-based technologies. Then, the peptides that originated from the differentiated proteins were eluted under reversed-phase NanoLC and sequenced by orbitrap MSD. It was found that both contents had been significantly decreased after processed Bombyx batryticatus was stir-baked with wheat bran. Additionally, protein bands and spots visualized in SDS-PAGE and 2-DE profiles of the processed product were much brighter than those of the highly processed product, allowing them to be distinguished by electrophoresis profiling readily. Moreover, thirty-two signature proteins were identified as potential biomarkers by NanoLC-orbitrap MSD after in-gel tryptic digestion of specific bands and spots. This work provides a solid scientific basis for quality assessment and control of commercial products of this natural medicine, and the developed novel strategy could ensure its safety and efficacy.
Subject(s)
Bombyx/metabolism , Insect Proteins/metabolism , Proteomics , Amino Acids/metabolism , Animals , Insect Proteins/chemistry , Models, Molecular , Protein ConformationABSTRACT
The effective method of ionic liquid-based aqueous two-phase extraction, which involves ionic liquid (IL) (1-butyl-3-methyllimidazolium chloride, [C4mim]Cl) and inorganic salt (K2HPO4) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), has been used to extract trace tilmicosin in real water samples which were passed through a 0.45 µm filter. The effects of the different types of salts, the concentration of K2HPO4 and of ILs, the pH value and temperature of the systems on the extraction efficiencies have all been investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the average extraction efficiency is up to 95.8%. This method was feasible when applied to the analysis of tilmicosin in real water samples within the range 0.5-40 µg mL(-1). The limit of detection was found to be 0.05 µg mL(-1). The recovery rate of tilmicosin was 92.0-99.0% from the real water samples by the proposed method. This process is suggested to have important applications for the extraction of tilmicosin.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/isolation & purification , Imidazoles/chemistry , Phosphates/chemistry , Potassium Compounds/chemistry , Tylosin/analogs & derivatives , Water Pollutants, Chemical/isolation & purification , Chemical Fractionation , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Temperature , Tylosin/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
To study the chemical constituents of the fruits of Psoralea corylifolia L., the constituents were isolated and purified by chromatography. Two new compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of the ethanol extract. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic data 1D and 2D NMR, they were identified as 2-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8, 8-dimethyl-8H-pyrano[2, 3-h]chromen-4-one (1) and 5-(2-hydroxyl-1-methyl)-ethyl-4, 5-dihydrofurano[2, 3-h](4'-hydroxyl-3', 5'-dimethoxy)-isoflavone (2), and named as coryfolia D and bavarigenin separately.
Subject(s)
Chromones/isolation & purification , Isoflavones/isolation & purification , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Psoralea/chemistry , Chromones/chemistry , Fruit/chemistry , Isoflavones/chemistry , Molecular Conformation , Molecular StructureABSTRACT
Survey on research and development of Fructus Gardeniae in the recent 10 years. Gardenia yellow has been used for food colorent, medicine, feedingstuff and cosmetic. Garnedia blue has been used for developing another pigment with red and yellow. Fructus Gardeniae has been used in digestive system for cholecyst constracting and gall-stone eliminating, for declining peroxide on SAP mouse and increasing immune ability, for protecting liver against cancel, anti-acetylcholinic restraining on stomach enginery, in cardiovascular system it has been used for centrally anti-hypertension, preventing atheroma and thrombus, also Fructus Gardeniae has been used for anti-inflammation, treating parenchyma injure etc. Geniposide used for increasing production in agriculture has wider perspect.
Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Gardenia , Plants, Medicinal , Analgesics/pharmacology , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology , Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology , Bile/metabolism , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification , Food Coloring Agents/toxicity , Fruit/chemistry , Gardenia/chemistry , Gardenia/toxicity , Gastric Acid/metabolism , Humans , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/toxicity , Plants, Medicinal/chemistryABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the adsorption and desorption behavior of macroporous adsorhption resin AB-8 for polysaccharides in exocarp of Ginkgo biloba L. and its effect factors. METHODS: The optimum purification conditions were investigated by singal factor experiments. RESULTS: The optimum conditions were as follows: the follow rate was 1.0 ml/min, solution concentration was 10 mg/ml and the pH was 7.4-7.6. CONCLUSION: AB-8 have an upper adsorption capacity for polysaccharides in exocarp of Ginkgo biloba L. and the elution is easy. The purification of its production is 81.3%.
Subject(s)
Ginkgo biloba/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Polysaccharides/isolation & purification , Resins, Synthetic , Adsorption , Fruit/chemistry , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Plant Bark/chemistry , Polysaccharides/analysis , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , Technology, Pharmaceutical/methodsABSTRACT
The latest research progress on quantitative determination methods of main active components-lignans from Schisandra chinensis and its preparations has been summarized, such as spectrophotometry, thin-layer chromatography scanning, high performance liquid chromatograpy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and capillary electrochromatography. The characteristics and application areas of every analytical method have also been stated. It offers reference on quality control of crude drug and its preparations of S. chinensis.
