ABSTRACT
An aqueous solution of equimolecular amounts of 2-chloropyrimidine and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCg) afforded a colorless block crystal, which was determined to be a 2 : 2 complex of 2-chloropyrimidine and EGCg by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The 2 : 2 complex was formed by the cooperative effect of three intermolecular interactions, π-π and CH-π interactions, and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Upon formation of the 2 : 2 complex, a 2-chloropyrimidine molecule was captured by a hydrophobic space formed by the three aromatic rings of A, B, and B' rings of two EGCg molecules. The molecular capture abilities of various heterocyclic compounds using EGCg were evaluated by ratio of the heterocyclic compounds included in the precipitates of complex of EGCg to the heterocyclic compounds used. The amount of the heterocyclic compounds was measured by an integrated value of corresponding proton signals in the quantitative 1H-NMR spectrum.
Subject(s)
Catechin/analogs & derivatives , Pyrimidines/chemistry , Catechin/chemistry , Crystallization , Crystallography, X-Ray , Heterocyclic Compounds/chemistry , Hydrogen Bonding , Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions , Models, Molecular , Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Stereoisomerism , Water/chemistryABSTRACT
It has been proposed that stepwise progression occurs from atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) through bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) to invasive lung adenocarcinoma. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been identified. We report a patient with a mixed adenocarcinoma of the lung that had different EGFR mutations in the papillary subtype, the acinar subtype, and the surrounding AAH and BAC areas. EGFR mutations may accumulate during tumor progression and lead to heterogeneity of EGFR mutations within the tumor.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/genetics , Adenocarcinoma/genetics , ErbB Receptors/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Mutation , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule/genetics , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/pathology , Female , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Middle Aged , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule/pathologyABSTRACT
A 65-year-old male smoker with severe COPD was diagnosed with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer. After receiving cisplatin/irinotecan, serum progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) levels decreased to within the reference values and the lesions were markedly reduced in size. A whole-body 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET (FDG-PET) scan confirmed complete remission. During follow up, serum ProGRP levels increased, and a whole-body FDG-PET scan detected recurrence at the hilar lymph node that had been negative on CT. Complete remission was again achieved with second-line chemotherapy (cisplatin/etoposide) and local irradiation to the hilar lymph node. Monitoring serum ProGRP levels, followed by whole-body FDG-PET when indicated, may improve the clinical management of patients with small-cell lung cancer after initial complete remission.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Carcinoma, Small Cell , Lung Neoplasms , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Peptide Fragments/blood , Peptides/blood , Positron-Emission Tomography/methods , Aged , Carcinoma, Small Cell/blood , Carcinoma, Small Cell/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Small Cell/pathology , Disease Progression , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/blood , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/blood , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnostic imaging , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology , Recombinant Proteins/bloodABSTRACT
We encountered 3 cases of pneumonia caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia between January and June 2001. S. maltophilia is resistant to broad-spectrum antibiotics including carbapenem. Reported studies indicate that excessive use of broad-spectrum antibiotics may induce resistance in this organism. However, our data showed that there was no clear correlation between the amounts of carbapenems used in our hospital and the isolation of the organism. If broad-spectrum antibiotics are ineffective or even actually worsen a case of pneumonia, S. maltophilia may be the sole causative organism, and a potent double- (or triple-) combination therapy consisting of minocyclin and one or two other potent antimicrobial agents should be considered.
