Systemic inflammatory reaction after silicone breast implant.

BACKGROUND: Systemic inflammation after augmentation mammaplasty with modern silicone implants is not currently recognized. In a prospective controlled study, C-reactive protein and other variables were monitored, aiming to test this hypothesis in a young cohort of patients. METHODS: Females (18-30 years old, BMI = 18.5-30 kg/m(2), N = 52) were consecutively recruited for breast implant (n = 24, Group I) and for abdominal liposuction (n = 28, Group II/Controls). Patients were interviewed at baseline and followed until 6 months after operation. Variables included demographic and clinical information, surgical outcome, inflammatory markers and autoantibodies. RESULTS: Operations were well tolerated, without surgical or infectious complications. Mean prosthesis size was 258 ± 21 ml (range = 220-280) and mean aspirate of liposuction was 1972 ± 499 ml (range = 1200-3000). Preoperative, 2-month, and 6-month C-reactive protein concentrations for breast implant patients were 1.3 ± 1.2, 4.8 ± 3.0, and 4.3 ± 6.4 mg/l and for liposuction 3.5 ± 2.7, 3.5 ± 2.1, and 2.2 ± 2.2 mg/l, respectively. Change at 2 months was significant (p = 0.001). Autoantibody investigation failed to reveal remarkable aberrations, except for anticardiolipin elevation, which was nearly symmetrical in the two groups. CONCLUSION: C-reactive protein levels increased after operation and correlated with proinflammatory and procoagulatory indices. A mild increase in anticardiolipin IgM occurred but differences between populations were lacking. Despite excellent cosmetic outcomes and lack of complications, acute phase reaction could signal ongoing immunogenicity of silicone and long-term monitoring is recommended.

Comparação da eficácia de dois métodos de extração para determinação do perfil lipídico de ácidos graxos do sêmen ovino por meio da Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência / Comparison of the efficacy of two extraction methods for determination of lipid fatty acids of sheep semen by high performance liquid chromatography

A indústria de lã, leite, carne e pele de ovinos tem crescido em importância e novas biotecnologias do sêmen estão sendo estudadas para a elucidação de causas de infertilidade em machos. Sabe-se que danos causados na membrana espermática diminuem a qualidade seminal. Considerando que estas são compostas por uma bicamada de fosfolipídios e que a peroxidação lipídica é causadora de lesão celular, explica-se a importância de estudos sobre os lipídios constituintes do sêmen. A peroxidação lipídica é consequente da reação entre os lipídios e as espécies reativas de oxigênio. Esse quadro pode ser controlado pela presença de antioxidantes no sêmen. O sêmen foi coletado pela técnica da vagina artificial e após análise imediata e mediata, foi separado em duas frações: plasma seminal e pellet de espermatozoide. Seus lipídios foram extraídos por dois métodosbaseados no método Folch, Lesse Stanley modificado diferentes, utilizando clorofórmio e metanol como solventes. Após foram qualificados e quantificados pela especificidade e sensibilidade da Cromatografia Liquida de Alta Eficiência e escolheu-se a melhor extração. A análise estatística dos dados foi realizada através do programa SAS for Windows. O AG saturado predominante no espermatozoide é o mirístico e o AG insaturado predominante é o DHA, em ambas as extrações. No plasma seminal, nos dois métodos, o AG saturado que prevalece é o palmítico e o insaturado é o oleico. Dentre os dois métodos estudados, o que obtivemos melhores resultados na identificação e quantificação dos AG foi a Método 1.(AU)

The sheep industry for wool, milk and meat production is of increasing importance and new technologies for assessment of semen are in course for the elucidation of male infertility causes. It is well known that damage to the sperm membrane decreases semen quality. Considering that sperm membranes are composed by a phospholipid bilayer, and that lipid peroxidation is a major cause of cell damage, studieson the lipid components of semen are relevant. Lipid peroxidation is a consequence of the reaction between lipids and reactive oxygen species. This event may be reduced in the presence of antioxidants in semen. Semen was collected with an artificial vagina and, after sperm evaluation, samples were centrifuged to separate the sample into two fractions: seminal plasma and spermatozoa pellet. Both had their lipids extracted by two different methods based on Folch, Less& Stanley method modified, using chloroform e methanol as solvents. After the extraction, some esterified fatty acids were qualified and quantified for the sensitivity and specificity to the high performance liquid chromatography in order to determine the most efficient extraction technique in quantitative and qualitative aspects. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS software for Windows. The predominant saturated fatty acid in sperm under these experimental conditions was the myristic and the most abundant insaturated fatty acid in both extractions was DHA. In seminal plasma, in both methods, the prevailing fatty acid is the saturated palmitic and the unsaturated oleic. Among the methods evaluated, we obtained the best results of identification and quantification of fatty acids in Method 1.(AU)

Comparação da eficácia de dois métodos de extração para determinação do perfil lipídico de ácidos graxos do sêmen ovino por meio da Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência / Comparison of the efficacy of two extraction methods for determination of lipid fatty acids of sheep semen by high performance liquid chromatography

A indústria de lã, leite, carne e pele de ovinos tem crescido em importância e novas biotecnologias do sêmen estão sendo estudadas para a elucidação de causas de infertilidade em machos. Sabe-se que danos causados na membrana espermática diminuem a qualidade seminal. Considerando que estas são compostas por uma bicamada de fosfolipídios e que a peroxidação lipídica é causadora de lesão celular, explica-se a importância de estudos sobre os lipídios constituintes do sêmen. A peroxidação lipídica é consequente da reação entre os lipídios e as espécies reativas de oxigênio. Esse quadro pode ser controlado pela presença de antioxidantes no sêmen. O sêmen foi coletado pela técnica da vagina artificial e após análise imediata e mediata, foi separado em duas frações: plasma seminal e pellet de espermatozoide. Seus lipídios foram extraídos por dois métodosbaseados no método Folch, Lesse Stanley modificado diferentes, utilizando clorofórmio e metanol como solventes. Após foram qualificados e quantificados pela especificidade e sensibilidade da Cromatografia Liquida de Alta Eficiência e escolheu-se a melhor extração. A análise estatística dos dados foi realizada através do programa SAS for Windows. O AG saturado predominante no espermatozoide é o mirístico e o AG insaturado predominante é o DHA, em ambas as extrações. No plasma seminal, nos dois métodos, o AG saturado que prevalece é o palmítico e o insaturado é o oleico. Dentre os dois métodos estudados, o que obtivemos melhores resultados na identificação e quantificação dos AG foi a Método 1.

The sheep industry for wool, milk and meat production is of increasing importance and new technologies for assessment of semen are in course for the elucidation of male infertility causes. It is well known that damage to the sperm membrane decreases semen quality. Considering that sperm membranes are composed by a phospholipid bilayer, and that lipid peroxidation is a major cause of cell damage, studieson the lipid components of semen are relevant. Lipid peroxidation is a consequence of the reaction between lipids and reactive oxygen species. This event may be reduced in the presence of antioxidants in semen. Semen was collected with an artificial vagina and, after sperm evaluation, samples were centrifuged to separate the sample into two fractions: seminal plasma and spermatozoa pellet. Both had their lipids extracted by two different methods based on Folch, Less& Stanley method modified, using chloroform e methanol as solvents. After the extraction, some esterified fatty acids were qualified and quantified for the sensitivity and specificity to the high performance liquid chromatography in order to determine the most efficient extraction technique in quantitative and qualitative aspects. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS software for Windows. The predominant saturated fatty acid in sperm under these experimental conditions was the myristic and the most abundant insaturated fatty acid in both extractions was DHA. In seminal plasma, in both methods, the prevailing fatty acid is the saturated palmitic and the unsaturated oleic. Among the methods evaluated, we obtained the best results of identification and quantification of fatty acids in Method 1.

Dietary free oleic and linoleic acid enhances neutrophil function and modulates the inflammatory response in rats.

The high ingestion of oleic (OLA) and linoleic (LNA) acids by Western populations, the presence of inflammatory diseases in these populations, and the importance of neutrophils in the inflammatory process led us to investigate the effects of oral ingestion of unesterified OLA and LNA on rat neutrophil function. Pure OLA and LNA were administered by gavage over 10 days. The doses used (0.11, 0.22 and 0.44 g/kg of body weight) were based on the Western consumption of OLA and LNA. Neither fatty acid affected food, calorie or water intake. The fatty acids were not toxic to neutrophils as evaluated by cytometry using propidium iodide (membrane integrity and DNA fragmentation). Neutrophil migration in response to intraperitoneal injection of glycogen and in the air pouch assay, was elevated after administration of either OLA or LNA. This effect was associated with enhancement of rolling and increased release of the chemokine CINC-2alphabeta. Both fatty acids elevated L-selectin expression, whereas no effect on beta(2)-integrin expression was observed, as evaluated by flow cytometry. LNA increased the production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta and CINC-2alphabeta) by neutrophils after 4 h in culture and both fatty acids decreased the release of the same cytokines after 18 h. In conclusion, OLA and LNA modulate several functions of neutrophils and can influence the inflammatory process.