ABSTRACT
We previously isolated human MNB/DYRK1A cDNA from "the Down syndrome critical region" of human chromosome 21 (Shindoh et al., 1996, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 225: 92-99). As described herein, we prepared a polyclonal anti-MNB/DYRK1A antibody and used it in a Western blot assay to assess the expression of the MNB/DYRK1A protein during rat development. The MNB/DYRK1A protein was expressed strongly not only in the brain but also in other tissues from embryonic rats. At the early postnatal stage, expression of the protein was high in the central nervous system and heart, but low in liver, lung, spleen, and kidney. The level of MNB/DYRK1A protein in all tissues studied gradually decreased with postnatal growth. Similarly, Northern blot analysis revealed that a major 6.0-kb transcript of the Mnb/Dyrk1A gene was expressed at a high level in the brain during the early postnatal period but that its level was low in the adult. The finding that the MNB/DYRK1A protein is expressed strongly in the central nervous system and heart may indicate a significant role for this protein in the development of these organs.
Subject(s)
Brain/enzymology , Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental , Protein Kinases/biosynthesis , Protein Kinases/genetics , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/biosynthesis , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics , Protein-Tyrosine Kinases , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Animals, Newborn/genetics , Animals, Newborn/growth & development , Blotting, Northern , Blotting, Western , Brain/cytology , Brain/embryology , Brain/growth & development , Cells, Cultured , Female , Male , Molecular Sequence Data , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Dyrk KinasesSubject(s)
Benzamidines/pharmacology , Histidine Decarboxylase/metabolism , Mast-Cell Sarcoma/enzymology , Serine Proteinase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Animals , Dexamethasone , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Histidine Decarboxylase/chemistry , Mast-Cell Sarcoma/pathology , Mice , Molecular Weight , Precipitin Tests , Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate , Tumor Cells, CulturedABSTRACT
The effect of repeated cold stress (RCS) on both mRNA level and enzyme activity of stomach histidine decarboxylase (HDC) was studied in ddY mice. Following 1-day treatment of RCS, stomach HDC activity, but not its mRNA level, increased two fold. Following 3-day treatment of RCS, which is the essential period for the induction of hyperalgesia in mice, HDC mRNA level and enzyme activity increased in the stomach. After cessation of RCS treatment, HDC mRNA level decreased and reached the level of non-RCS treated mice, but HDC activity did not. The stomach from the 1-day RCS-treated mouse contained proteolytic activity, which converts the in vitro-translated 74 kD HDC species into the 53 kD HDC species. These data demonstrate that RCS-treated mouse stomach induces both the de novo synthesis of the 74 kD HDC species and its proteolytic cleavage to 53 kD HDC species.
Subject(s)
Cold Temperature , Histidine Decarboxylase/biosynthesis , Stomach/enzymology , Animals , Histidine Decarboxylase/genetics , Mice , Molecular Weight , RNA, Messenger/analysisABSTRACT
This investigation compared the efficacy of interrupted and continuous suturing for primary closure of the apically positioned flap. Twenty-two flap procedures were performed on contralateral sites in 10 patients. The 11 sites where interrupted suturing was used had a degree of presurgical periodontal involvement which was similar to that in the 11 contralateral sites where continuous suturing was used. At postsurgical assessment visits, after 3 months and 6 months, gingival health status was evaluated for both groups. Recession, residual pocket depth and loss of attachment were also measured. Analysis of the data for each of these parameters indicated no statistically significant difference between the two groups. However, the overall clinical impression was that interrupted suturing provided better flap adaptation.
