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1.
Rev. patol. respir ; 12(2): 74-77, abr.-jun. 2009. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-98123

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El derrame pericárdico es una entidad clínica que requiere un manejo multidisciplinar. Varios procedimientos han sido descritos para practicar una pericardiectomía parcial suficiente para garantizar el drenado óptimo y que, además, permita la toma de muestras biópsicas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar la rentabilidad de la pericardiectomía parcial mediante cirugía vídeo-toracoscópica (CVT) en los derrames pericárdicos con sospecha clínica de benignidad, valorando las indicaciones y su valor añadido frente a otras técnicas. Material y métodos. Hemos realizado pericardiectomías a 19 pacientes con sospecha clínica de benignidad por CVT. La indicación fue establecida ante la aparición de síntomas atribuibles al derrame o cuando se precisaba la toma de muestras. La presencia de signos radiológicos y/o ecográficos de pericarditis constrictiva o de inestabilidad clínica, fueron contraindicaciones para la técnica. Resultados. El diagnóstico tras estudio patológico fue de inflamación crónica en 6 casos, tuberculosis (TBC) activa en 2 y una pericarditis de origen urémico en otros 4. Etiología neoplásica no diagnosticada previamente fue establecida en 2 pacientes; en 5 casos se drenaron derrames postquirúrgicos de cirugía cardiaca. Conclusiones. La CVT resulta una técnica adecuada para el manejo diagnóstico-terapéutico de aquellos derrames pericárdicos no diagnosticados y en los postquirúrgicos. Su elevado rendimiento diagnóstico, su baja morbilidad y casi nula existencia de recidivas lo hacen especialmente indicado en casos en que se precise la toma de muestras y la supervivencia previsible sea larga (AU)


Introducción. Introduction. Pericardial effusion is a clinical disease that requires multidisciplinary management. Several procedures have been described to perform a sufficient partial pericardiectomy in order to assure optimum drainage and that would also permit biopsy samples to be obtained. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the profitability of the partial pericardiectomy through video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VTS) in pericardial effusions with clinical suspicion of benignancy, evaluating its indications and its added value compared to other techniques Material and methods. We have performed pericardiectomies in 19 patients with clinical suspicions of benignancy using VTS. The indication was established due to the appearance of symptoms that could be attributed to effusion or when it was necessary to obtain samples. The presence of radiological and/or ultrasonographic signs of constrictive pericarditis or clinical instability were contraindications for the technique. Results. The diagnosis after the pathology study was chronic inflammation in 6 cases, active tuberculosis (TBC) in 2 cases and uremic pericarditis in 4 more cases. Previously undiagnosed neoplastic etiology was established in 2 patients; in 5 cases, postsurgical effusions of cardiac surgery were drained. Conclusions. VTS is an adequate technique for the diagnostic-therapeutic management of those undiagnosed pericardial effusions and in post-surgical ones. Its high diagnostic performance, low morbidity and almost null existence of relapses has made it especially indicated in cases where it is necessary to obtain samples and the foreseeable survival is long (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted/methods , Pericardial Effusion/diagnosis , Pericardiectomy/methods , Pericardial Effusion/surgery , Cardiac Tamponade/surgery , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis
3.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-74329

ABSTRACT

El sistema enzimático del citocromo P-450 es el principalresponsable del metabolismo hepático de hormonas sexuales.Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 39 años que acude aconsultas externas de Cirugía por presentar mastalgia cíclicaintensa desde hace meses, que cede coincidiendo con la tomade itraconazol y recidiva al dejar este tratamiento. Se trata deun efecto paradójico puesto que, en este caso, el itraconazolse comporta como un inductor de la isoenzima CYPA3A4 aumentandola eliminación del estradiol y no como el inhibidorque es habitualmente(AU)


The enzymatic system of the cytochrome P-450 is the mainresponsible for the hepatic metabolism of sexual hormones.We present the case of a 39 year-old patient. She went to SurgeryService because she suffered recurrent intense cyclic breastpain during several months. She started itraconazol therapyand breast pain improved, but it relapsed when sheleaved the treatment with itraconazol. This is supposed to be aparadoxical effect because in this case itraconazole behaved asan inductor of the CYPA3A4 isoenzyme increasing the eliminationof the estradiol, and it did not behave as an inhibitor ofCYPA3A4, as habitually(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Itraconazole/therapeutic use , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System , Fibrocystic Breast Disease/complications , Fibrocystic Breast Disease/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Estradiol , Mammography/standards , Mammography
4.
Clin Transl Oncol ; 9(8): 513-20, 2007 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17720654

ABSTRACT

Surgeons have routinely removed ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes from women with breast cancer for over 100 years. The procedure provides important staging information, enhances regional control of the malignancy and may improve survival. As screening of breast cancer has increased, the mean size of newly diagnosed primary invasive breast cancers has steadily decreased and so has the number of women with lymph node metastases. Recognising that the therapeutic benefit of removing normal nodes may be low, alternatives to the routine level I/II axillary lymph node dissection have been sought. A decade ago sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was introduced. Because of its high accuracy and relatively low morbidity, this technique is now widely used to identify women with histologically involved nodes prior to the formal axillary node dissection. Specifically, SLNB has allowed surgeons to avoid a formal axillary lymph node biopsy in women with histologically uninvolved sentinel nodes, while identifying women with involved sentinel nodes who derive the most benefit from a completion axillary node dissection. Despite the increasing use of SLNB for initial management of the axilla in women with breast cancer, important questions remain regarding patient selection criteria and optimal surgical methods for performing the biopsy. This article discusses the evolution of axillary node surgery for women with breast cancer.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Lymph Node Excision , Axilla/pathology , Axilla/surgery , Breast Neoplasms/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Lymph Nodes/physiopathology , Lymph Nodes/surgery , Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology , Neoplasm Staging , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
5.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 9(8): 513-520, ago. 2007. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-123348

ABSTRACT

Surgeons have routinely removed ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes from women with breast cancer for over 100 years. The procedure provides important staging information, enhances regional control of the malignancy and may improve survival. As screening of breast cancer has increased, the mean size of newly diagnosed primary invasive breast cancers has steadily decreased and so has the number of women with lymph node metastases. Recognising that the therapeutic benefit of removing normal nodes may be low, alternatives to the routine level I/II axillary lymph node dissection have been sought. A decade ago sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was introduced. Because of its high accuracy and relatively low morbidity, this technique is now widely used to identify women with histologically involved nodes prior to the formal axillary node dissection. Specifically, SLNB has allowed surgeons to avoid a formal axillary lymph node biopsy in women with histologically uninvolved sentinel nodes, while identifying women with involved sentinel nodes who derive the most benefit from a completion axillary node dissection. Despite the increasing use of SLNB for initial management of the axilla in women with breast cancer, important questions remain regarding patient selection criteria and optimal surgical methods for performing the biopsy. This article discusses the evolution of axillary node surgery for women with breast cancer (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Lymph Node Excision/methods , Lymph Node Excision , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/methods , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy , Axilla/pathology , Axilla/surgery , Breast Neoplasms/physiopathology , Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology , Neoplasm Staging/methods , Neoplasm Staging
6.
Rev. senol. patol. mamar. (Ed. impr.) ; 19(2): 41-45, abr.-jun. 2006. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-050342

ABSTRACT

El desarrollo y difusión de la técnica de la mamografía hadado lugar a que, en el último decenio, se haya observado unincremento del diagnóstico de lesiones mamarias de pequeñotamaño, muchas de ellas no palpables.La localización de este tipo de lesiones precisa de técnicasde marcado que aseguren la máxima precisión para su correctaextirpación. Los avances de las técnicas de imagen como laecografía y la estereotaxia digital, han conseguido este objetivocon gran exactitud pero en ocasiones, no están exentas decomplicaciones.El objetivo de este trabajo es una revisión y puesta al día delos resultados analizados en la literatura de una nueva técnicapara la localización de las lesiones no palpables (LNP) conocidacomo ROLL (Radioguided occult lesion localisation).La técnica ROLL consiste en la utilización de radiofármacospara la localización de LNP. Es una técnica multidisciplinaren la que colaboran las especialidades de medicina nuclear, radiología,cirugía y anatomía patológica. Este procedimientofue iniciado en el Instituto de Tumores de Milán en 1998, yestá adquiriendo gran difusión por su gran precisión, pudiendoconsiderarse como una nueva alternativa para la correcta extirpaciónde este tipo de lesiones


The development and diffusion of mammography techniquein the last decade has led to an increase in the diagnosisof nonpalpable breast lesions (NPL).The location of nonpalpable lesions labeling techniques with a high level of precision are required to excise these lesions.The advances of image techniques such ultrasonographyand digital mammography, have achieved this objectivewith high accuracy but they are not devoid of complications.Radioguided occult lesion localisation (ROLL) is a new techniquefor the location of nonpalpable lesions. The aim of thiswork is to review the results published in the literature on thissubject.The ROLL technique consists in the use of a radioactivemarker for NPL location. It is a multidisciplinary techniquethat involves the specialities of nuclear medicine, radiology,surgery and pathological anatomy. This procedure was initiatedin the European Institute of Oncology of Milan in 1998 andhas acquired great diffusion due to its great precision. Currently,it is considered as a new alternative for the correct removalof this type of lesions


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Radiopharmaceuticals , Technetium , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Breast Neoplasms , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy , Biopsy, Fine-Needle
7.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 69(2): 99-102, feb. 2001.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-1088

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El ganglio centinela (NC) es la primera estación de drenaje linfático de una lesión primitiva y, por tanto, con la máxima probabilidad de albergar una metástasis. El objetivo de este trabajo es ahorrar la morbilidad y coste de linfadenectomías innecesarias en pacientes con melanoma clínicamente no diseminado (75-89 por ciento) y mejorar la estadificación por localización del NC fuera del área de drenaje habitual. Pacientes y métodos. Se han estudiado 55 pacientes con diagnóstico de melanoma de riesgo intermedio (Breslow 0,75-4 mm).Para localizar las áreas de drenaje linfático, a todos los pacientes se les realizó una linfogammagrafía mediante la inyección intradérmica subcicatrizal de sulfuro coloidal-99mTc antes de la intervención. Veinte minutos antes de ésta se inyectó igualmente 1 cm3 de azul de isosulfán (Lymphazurin®).La búsqueda intraoperatoria del NC se realizó en 9 pacientes con el colorante exclusivamente y en 46 con la técnica combinada del colorante y una sonda detectora de rayos gamma (Navigator®).Resultados. El NC se localizó en 53 pacientes (96 por ciento), estaba infiltrado en siete de ellos (13 por ciento) y era el único ganglio afectado en cinco (71,5 por ciento). Conclusiones. La linfadenectomía selectiva en el melanoma es una técnica de escasa morbilidad, que puede evitar linfadenectomías completas innecesarias en pacientes con melanoma de riesgo intermedio (AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Male , Humans , Lymph Node Excision , Melanoma
8.
Nutr Hosp ; 10(4): 234-6, 1995.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7662762

ABSTRACT

We present a case of bilateral hydrothorax after internal jugular vein catheterization. 60 hours after placing the catheter, the patient showed an abrupt picture of jugular ingurgitation, abolished vesicular breath sounds, and displaced cardiac tones. It was necessary to immediately drain one hemithorax to guarantee ventilation of the patient. The present article examines iatrogenicity derived from the placement of central catheters, and special attention is given to the need for post-insertion x-ray control.


Subject(s)
Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Hydrothorax/etiology , Iatrogenic Disease , Adult , Humans , Hydrothorax/diagnosis , Hydrothorax/therapy , Jugular Veins , Male , Parenteral Nutrition/adverse effects , Pleural Effusion/diagnosis , Pleural Effusion/etiology , Pleural Effusion/therapy , Suction
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