An Overview of Bipolar Disorder Diagnosis Using Machine Learning Approaches: Clinical Opportunities and Challenges.

Objective: Automatic diagnosis of psychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder (BD) through machine learning techniques has attracted substantial attention from psychiatric and artificial intelligence communities. These approaches mostly rely on various biomarkers extracted from electroencephalogram (EEG) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/functional MRI (fMRI) data. In this paper, we provide an updated overview of existing machine learning-based methods for bipolar disorder (BD) diagnosis using MRI and EEG data. Method : This study is a short non-systematic review with the aim of describing the current situation in automatic diagnosis of BD using machine learning methods. Therefore, an appropriate literature search was conducted via relevant keywords for original EEG/MRI studies on distinguishing BD from other conditions, particularly from healthy peers, in PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. Results: We reviewed 26 studies, including 10 EEG studies and 16 MRI studies (including structural and functional MRI), that used traditional machine learning methods and deep learning algorithms to automatically detect BD. The reported accuracies for EEG studies is about 90%, while the reported accuracies for MRI studies remains below the minimum level for clinical relevance, i.e. about 80% of the classification outcome for traditional machine learning methods. However, deep learning techniques have generally achieved accuracies higher than 95%. Conclusion: Research utilizing machine learning applied to EEG signals and brain images has provided proof of concept for how this innovative technique can help psychiatrists distinguish BD patients from healthy people. However, the results have been somewhat contradictory and we must keep away from excessive optimistic interpretations of the findings. Much progress is still needed to reach the level of clinical practice in this field.

[New therapeutic advances in patients with lung cancer immunosuppressed with chronic lung diseases in the period 2014-2022 from the review of the literature.] / Nuevos avances terapéuticos en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón inmunosuprimidos con enfermedades crónicas pulmonares en el periodo 2014-2022 a partir de la revisión de la literatura.

Lung cancer is a malignant neoplasm with a high prevalence and mortality, more so in patients with respiratory comorbidities, whose cells have a massive proliferation capacity in the lung tissue, managing to invade other organs, which deteriorates the patient's physical and emotional state, decreasing their quality of life and defense system; therefore, treatment today is not sufficient for patient survival and there has been evidence of a certain evolution in the treatment of the disease or early detection to prevent it. This article aimed to analyze the new therapeutic advances in patients with lung cancer associated with chronic lung diseases in the period 2014-2022 based on a review of the literature. Several parameters were used to limit the search, extrapolating the articles of interest, validating fifty three articles, six doctoral theses and two books, which were in Spanish and English.The various search strategies used were keywords, subject and author follow-up. The sections developed in this review are the concept of Lung Cancer (LC), clinical manifestations, risk factors, relationship between LC and chronic lung diseases, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and new therapeutic advances. All the filtered information of the selected articles shows us the importance that the use of various biomarkers is taking for its early detection; however, the transfer of antitumor T cells in patients with underlying lung disease had an efficiency of 48.

El cáncer de pulmón es una neoplasia maligna de gran prevalencia y mortalidad, más en pacientes con comorbilidades respiratorias, cuyas células tienen una capacidad de proliferación masiva en el tejido pulmonar logrando invadir otros órganos, deteriorando el estado físico y emocional del paciente, su calidad de vida y sistema de defensa. Además, el tratamiento no es suficiente hoy en día para la supervivencia del paciente y se ha evidenciado cierta evolución en la terapéutica de la enfermedad o su detección precoz. El objetivo fue analizar los nuevos avances terapéuticos en pacientes con Cáncer de Pulmón asociado a enfermedades crónicas pulmonares en el periodo 2014-2022 a partir de la revisión de la literatura. Se aplicaron diversos parámetros para la limitación de búsqueda, extrapolando los artículos de interés, siendo validados cincuenta y tres artículos, seis tesis doctorales y dos libros, los cuales eran de idioma español e inglés. Las diversas estrategias de búsquedas usadas fueron las palabras claves, tema y seguimiento de autor. Los apartados desarrollados en la presente revisión fueron el concepto de cáncer de pulmón (CP), las manifestaciones clínicas, los factores de riesgo, la relación entre CP y enfermedades crónicas pulmonares, el diagnóstico, el tratamiento, la prevención y los nuevos avances terapéuticos. Toda la información filtrada de los artículos seleccionados nos pone de manifiesto la importancia que está tomando el uso de diversos biomarcadores para su detección precoz; sin embargo, la transferencia de células T antitumorales en pacientes con una enfermedad pulmonar de base presentó una eficiencia del 48%.

Nuevos avances terapéuticos en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón inmunosuprimidos con enfermedades crónicas pulmonares en el periodo 2014-2022 a partir de la revisión de la literatura / New therapeutic advances in patients with lung cancer immunosuppressed with chronic lung diseases in the period 2014-2022 from the review of the literature

El cáncer de pulmón es una neoplasia maligna de gran prevalencia y mortalidad, más en pacientes con comorbilidades respiratorias,cuyas células tienen una capacidad de proliferación masiva en el tejido pulmonar logrando invadir otros órganos, deteriorando elestado físico y emocional del paciente, su calidad de vida y sistema de defensa. Además, el tratamiento no es suficiente hoy en díapara la supervivencia del paciente y se ha evidenciado cierta evolución en la terapéutica de la enfermedad o su detección precoz.El objetivo fue analizar los nuevos avances terapéuticos en pacientes con Cáncer de Pulmón asociado a enfermedades crónicaspulmonares en el periodo 2014-2022 a partir de la revisión de la literatura. Se aplicaron diversos parámetros para la limitación de bús-queda, extrapolando los artículos de interés, siendo validados cincuenta y tres artículos, seis tesis doctorales y dos libros, los cualeseran de idioma español e inglés. Las diversas estrategias de búsquedas usadas fueron las palabras claves, tema y seguimiento deautor. Los apartados desarrollados en la presente revisión fueron el concepto de cáncer de pulmón (CP), las manifestaciones clínicas,los factores de riesgo, la relación entre CP y enfermedades crónicas pulmonares, el diagnóstico, el tratamiento, la prevención y losnuevos avances terapéuticos. Toda la información filtrada de los artículos seleccionados nos pone de manifiesto la importancia queestá tomando el uso de diversos biomarcadores para su detección precoz; sin embargo, la transferencia de células T antitumoralesen pacientes con una enfermedad pulmonar de base presentó una eficiencia del 48%.(AU)

Lung cancer is a malignant neoplasm with a high prevalence and mortality, more so in patients with respiratory comorbidities, whosecells have a massive proliferation capacity in the lung tissue, managing to invade other organs, which deteriorates the patient’s phy-sical and emotional state, decreasing their quality of life and defense system; therefore, treatment today is not sufficient for patientsurvival and there has been evidence of a certain evolution in the treatment of the disease or early detection to prevent it. This articleaimed to analyze the new therapeutic advances in patients with lung cancer associated with chronic lung diseases in the period2014-2022 based on a review of the literature. Several parameters were used to limit the search, extrapolating the articles of interest,validating fifty three articles, six doctoral theses and two books, which were in Spanish and English.The various search strategiesused were keywords, subject and author follow-up. The sections developed in this review are the concept of Lung Cancer (LC), clinicalmanifestations, risk factors, relationship between LC and chronic lung diseases, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and new therapeuticadvances. All the filtered information of the selected articles shows us the importance that the use of various biomarkers is takingfor its early detection; however, the transfer of antitumor T cells in patients with underlying lung disease had an efficiency of 48%.(AU)

The Comparative Effects of Teacher Versus Peer-Scaffolding on EFL Learners' Incidental Vocabulary Learning and Reading Comprehension: A Socio-Cultural Perspective.

Drawing on sociocultural theory, and multiple empirical studies conducted on the effectiveness of scaffolding on second or foreign language learning, the authors investigated the application of various forms of scaffolding (i.e., teacher versus peer-scaffolding) on EFL learners' incidental vocabulary learning and reading comprehension performance through a sociocultural perspective. To this end, 60 EFL learners out of one-hundred were selected through the administration of an Oxford Placement Test from three language institutes and divided into 3 groups (two experimental and one control group) each including 20 intermediate EFL learners. The first experimental group received teacher-scaffolding instruction, the second experimental group received peer-scaffolding instruction and the control group received traditional instruction with no scaffolding. The vocabulary and reading comprehension pre-tests were administered to the three groups. At the end of the experiment, the vocabulary and reading comprehension post-tests were administered. The descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and the inferential statistics (a One-way ANOVA) were run to analyze the collected data. The results showed that both experimental groups had better performance than the control group and there was a significant difference between teacher-scaffolding and peer-scaffolding in both vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension performance and the peer-scaffolding group had a better performance than the teacher-scaffolding group. This research provided some implications about different types of scaffolding for language teachers and syllabus designers.

Autoría latinoamericana en la revista Educación Médica (2015-2018) / Latin American authorship in the Educación Médica journal (2015-2018)

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Análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica peruana sobre la formación de profesionales de la salud / Bibliometric analysis of Peruvian scientific production on the training of health professionals

La investigación y la publicación científica son aspectos importantes dentro de la formación profesional en salud, pues permitirán practicar eficientemente una medicina basada en evidencias. El objetivo del trabajo fue describir a través de indicadores bibliométricos la producción científica relacionada con la formación de profesionales de la salud en Perú durante el periodo 2014-2018. Estudio bibliométrico sobre la totalidad de la producción científica peruana que trata de la formación de profesionales de la salud en el período 2014-2018, recuperada de la base de datos de Google Académico. Se calcularon los indicadores cienciométricos de 155 artículos filtrados por el software Harzing's Publish or Perish v. 6. Las variables estudiadas fueron: total de artículos, citas, promedio de citas por año, por artículos, por autores y por autores por año, promedio de artículos por autor, promedio de autores por artículo, índices h, g, h contemporáneo (hc), h individual (hI), hI normalizado, AWCR, AW, AWCRpA, e, hm, hI anual, amplitud H, amplitud, cantidad de autores, índice de colaboración, artículos más citados y distribución anual de los artículos, así como su publicador. Se obtuvo un total de 905 citas con un promedio de 181.00; 5.84 y 457.37 citas por año, artículos y autores respectivamente. Las publicaciones poseen un índice h de 16 y un índice g de 19. Destaca la producción anual del año 2015, con 41 publicaciones. La mayor cantidad de autores trabajan en parejas (48 artículos). Se totalizaron 458 autores en los 155 artículos, generando un índice de colaboración de 2.95. La producción científica relacionada con la formación de profesionales de la salud en Perú fue escasa en los últimos 5 años. Los indicadores cienciométricos muestran una tendencia decreciente(AU)

Research and scientific publication are important aspects of professional training in health, as they will allow efficient practice of evidence-based medicine. The objective was to describe through bibliometric indicators the scientific production related to the training of health professionals in Peru during the period 2014-2018 . Bibliometric study of the entire Peruvian scientific production that deals with the training of health professionals in the period 2014-2018, retrieved from the Google academic database. We calculated the scientometric indicators of 155 articles filtered by the Harzing's Publish or Perish v.6 software. The variables studied were: total number of articles, citations, average citations per year for articles, authors and authors per year, average articles per author, average number of authors per article, the h, g indexes contemporary h (hc), individual h (hI), standard hI, AWCR, AW, AWCRpA, e, hm, annual hI, amplitude H, amplitude, number of authors, index of collaboration, most-cited articles and annual distribution of articles, as well as their publishers. A total of 905 citations were obtained with an average of 181.00; 5.84 and 457.37 citations per year, articles and authors respectively. The publications have an H-index of 16 and a G-index of 19. The annual production of 2015, with 41 publications, stood out, the largest number of authors work in pairs (48 articles). A total of 458 authors were published in the 155 articles, generating a 2.95 collaboration rate. Scientific production related to the training of health professionals in Peru was scarce in the last 5 years. Scientometric indicators show a decreasing trend(AU)