ABSTRACT
In the present work, the anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective properties of ethanolic extracts of Stachytarpheta cayennesis (L.C. Rich) Vahl (Verbenaceae) were assessed. Chromatographic analysis of the crude ethanolic extract, SC01, revealed high concentrations of the iridoid ipolamiide, whereas the SC02, the second ethanolic extract, presented the arylpropanoid verbacoside as a major constituent. The oral administration of SC01 (100 mg/kg) into Swiss mice failed to inhibit paw oedema and pleural exudation induced by carrageenan and zymosan, whereas SC02 (100 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited oedema and protein extravasation in all instances. Both extracts inhibited total leukocyte accumulation into the pleural cavity 4 and 24h after the intrathoracic (i.t.) injection of carrageenan, due to the inhibition of neutrophil and mononuclear cell influx, whereas only SC02 was able to inhibit leukocyte mobilization induced by zymosan (100 microg/cavity, i.t.). SC02 inhibited LPS (250 ng/cavity)-induced total leukocyte, neutrophil and eosinophil accumulation in the pleural cavity, whereas SC01 selectively inhibited neutrophil influx. In addition, our data indicates that the extract SC02 presents an important anti-ulcerogenic activity, since it inhibited diclofenac-induced (100 mg/kg, p.o.) gastric ulcera. Overall, these data provide evidence for the anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective properties of Stachytarpheta cayennensis, supporting its use in folk medicine for such purposes.
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Anti-Ulcer Agents/therapeutic use , Stomach Ulcer/drug therapy , Verbenaceae , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/isolation & purification , Anti-Ulcer Agents/chemistry , Anti-Ulcer Agents/isolation & purification , Edema/drug therapy , Edema/pathology , Male , Mice , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Plant Structures , Stomach Ulcer/pathologyABSTRACT
Introdução: A albumina é a proteína mais abundante no plasma. Sua síntese ocorre nos hepatócitos. Suas principais funções no organismo são o transporte de moléculas, a manutenção da pressão osmótica, neutralização de radicais livres, inibição da função plaquetária com conseqüente efeito antitrombótico e possuindo também grande influência na permeabilidade vascular. Existem ainda muitas controvérsias em relação aos benefícios que a suplementação com albumina intravenosa pode trazer. Albumina é ainda o expansor plasmático mais utilizado, principalmente em bebês prematuros. Muitas outras indicações existem para sua administração, como choque, hiperbilirrubinemia, ascite, síndrome nefrótica, síndrome hepato-renal. Objetivo: Traçar o perfil de uso de solução de albumina humana 20% no Hospital Geral de Bonsucesso. Materiais e métodos: Durante o ano de 2004, foi feito um levantamento dos pacientes que fizeram uso de albumina humana nessa unidade. O levantamento dos dados foi feito através de receituários especiais que acompanham as prescrições deste medicamento. Esses receituários são imprescindíveis para dispensação desta. Resultados: Foram recebidas 1862 prescrições de albumina, com receituário especial, pelo Serviço de Farmácia. Através desses, foram dispensados 6266 frascos para 537 pacientes. O perfil de uso por clínica pode ser demonstrado através do gráfico abaixo. Nota-se através do gráfico, que a clínica que mais prescreveu a albumina foi o CTI (25,2%). Logo após podemos notar as clínicas médicas masculina e feminina que, somadas, correspondem a 24,2% do total consumido. A posologia mais prescrita é de 3 vezes ao dia (49,5%), seguida da posologia de 2 vezes ao dia (21,5%).Discussão e conclusão: O alto consumo desse medicamento se deve ao fato de esse hospital atender pacientes com patologias de alto grau de complexidade. Esses pacientes são provenientes de centros cirúrgicos, portadores de hepatite e cirrose, insuficiência renal, recém nascidos com pré-maturidade, os de transplantes renal e hepático. Isto é confirmado, ao observarmos que o maior consumo ocorre no CTI, que apesar de possuir um pequeno número de leitos (9) em relação às outras, utilizou 25% de toda albumina consumida no hospital no período de 1 ano
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , AlbuminsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate safety and usefulness of dipyridamole-radionuclide ventriculography (D-RVG), soon after acute myocardial infarction (MI), in the prediction of future cardiac events. Traditionally performed tests were also compared. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-one patients (4 females) with recent MI underwent rest and dipyridamole (0.58 mg/kg of body weight) radionuclide ventriculography. The criteria for a positive test for ischemia was failure to increase left ventricular ejection fraction in 0.05 from baseline value. All patients had also coronary angiography and 36 patients underwent thallium-201 scintigraphy for comparison. The mean follow-up was 16 +/- 3 months. The following findings were considered future for events: cardiac death, reinfarction, significant angina or heart failure. RESULTS: During the follow-up 18 of the 20 patients who had cardiac events had shown positive dipyridamole-RVG, as opposed to 5 of 21 event-free patients (p less than 0.01). The ventriculographic criteria for a positive test and dipyridamole left ventricular ejection fraction were the strongest predictors of those medical events (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.001). Among the 36 patients who had thallium-201 imaging, 16 subsequently had cardiac events and the scans were positive in 82% (p less than 0.01). Twelve (29%) patients experienced reactions during dipyridamole infusion although no fatal complications were noted. CONCLUSION: Dipyridamole-RVG is relatively safe and a sensitive predictor of future cardiac events soon after acute MI, although additional experience is required before this new technique should be routinely recommended as an alternative approach.
