Modeling hydro, nuclear, and renewable electricity generation in India: An atom search optimization-based EEMD-DBSCAN framework and explainable AI.

Background and objective: Tracking clean electricity generation in developing economies is highly challenging owing to the influence of turbulent external factors. Clean electricity is a significant enabler of striving toward environmental sustainability. In this research, we aim to model hydro, nuclear, and renewable electricity generation in India through applied predictive modeling. We also strive to uncover the influence of the critical determinants responsible for clean electricity growth. Methodology: We propose a granular predictive framework comprising ensemble empirical mode decomposition, clustering applications in spatial data based on density, including noise, and atom search optimization-based novel optimization methodology to predict absolute figures of clean energy generation. The framework uses a series of socio-economic factors reflecting household demand and industrial growth in India as explanatory variables. Results: The rigorous scrutiny of the predictive framework specifies hydro electricity generation is relatively more predictable during the time horizon influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The deployment of dedicated explainable artificial intelligence (AI) tools suggests an increased adoption of clean electricity in selected industrial sectors in India, which broadly governs the evolutionary pattern. Conclusion: The underlying research is the first of its kind to fathom the daily temporal dynamics of clean electricity generation in the Indian context. Consideration of three distinct clean electricity sources during highly volatile time regimes underscores the contribution of the work. The predictive framework survives a stringent performance check, which justifies the robustness of the same. Demand in different industrial sectors in India profoundly influences the growth toward clean electricity.

Role of proliferation COVID-19 media chatter in predicting Indian stock market: Integrated framework of nonlinear feature transformation and advanced AI.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has transpired the global media to gallop with reports and news on the novel Coronavirus. The intensity of the news chatter on various aspects of the pandemic, in conjunction with the sentiment of the same, accounts for the uncertainty of investors linked to financial markets. In this research, Artificial Intelligence (AI) driven frameworks have been propounded to gauge the proliferation of COVID-19 news towards Indian stock markets through the lens of predictive modelling. Two hybrid predictive frameworks, UMAP-LSTM and ISOMAP-GBR, have been constructed to accurately forecast the daily stock prices of 10 Indian companies of different industry verticals using several systematic media chatter indices related to the COVID-19 pandemic alongside several orthodox technical indicators and macroeconomic variables. The outcome of the rigorous predictive exercise rationalizes the utility of monitoring relevant media news worldwide and in India. Additional model interpretation using Explainable AI (XAI) methodologies indicates that a high quantum of overall media hype, media coverage, fake news, etc., leads to bearish market regimes.

Taking Particle Tracking into Practice by Novel Software and Screening Approach: Case-Study of Oral Lipid Nanocarriers.

The success on the design of new oral nanocarriers greatly depends on the identification of the best physicochemical properties that would allow their diffusion across the mucus layer that protects the intestinal epithelium. In this context, particle tracking (PT) has arisen in the pharmaceutical field as an excellent tool to evaluate the diffusion of individual particles across the intestinal mucus. In PT, the trajectories of individual particles are characterized by the mean square displacement (MSD), which is used to calculate the coefficient of diffusion (D) and the anomalous diffusion parameter (α) as MSD=4Dτα. Unfortunately, there is no stablished criteria to evaluate the goodness-of-fit of the experimental data to the mathematical model. This work shows that the commonly used R2 parameter may lead to an overestimation of the diffusion capacity of oral nanocarriers. We propose a screening approach based on a combination of R2 with further statistical parameters. We have analyzed the effect of this approach to study the intestinal mucodiffusion of lipid oral nanocarriers, compared to the conventional screening approach. Last, we have developed software able to perform the whole PT analysis in a time-saving, user-friendly, and rational fashion.

Resultados del proyecto de mejora de la calidad de la asistencia en hemodiálisis: estudio multicéntrico de indicadores de calidad de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología (SEN) / No disponible

Introducción: En el año 2002 se creó el grupo de trabajo sobre Calidad en Nefrología de la SEN (CNSEN). Los objetivos de este grupo han sido la identificación, difusión, implantación y consolidación de una herramienta de Gestión de la Calidad en Hemodiálisis, sistemática, objetiva y global, basada en la recopilación de Indicadores de Calidad, las estrategias de retroalimentación (Feedback) y Benchmarking,y el diseño de Planes de Mejora y Evaluación Global. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar los primeros resultados de los indicadores de calidad obtenidos en un grupo de centros españoles, así como evaluar la repercusión de la aplicación de las mencionadas técnicas en los resultados obtenidos. Métodos: Durante 2007 se ha ido incorporando al estudio un total de 28 unidades de hemodiálisis de todo el ámbito nacional. El número total de pacientes evaluados a lo largo del estudio ha sido 2516. Los indicadores han sido recogidos mediante un software informático específico de calidad, que permite calcularlos con facilidad. Los indicadores de cumplimiento se refieren a las siguientes áreas: adecuación de diálisis, anemia, metabolismo mineral y óseo, nutrición, enfermedades víricas, accesos vasculares, mortalidad, morbilidad (ingresos hospitalarios) y trasplante. Cada tres meses los centros reciben sus datos comparados con los del resto del grupo. Resultados: Se detectó una mejora de los resultados a nivel global, excepto en los niveles de hemoglobina. El porcentaje de centros que alcanzaron los estándares definidos por el CNSEN pasó del 65% al 90,9% en el caso del estándar de Kt/V Daugirdas II (> 1,3 en > del 80% de sus pacientes); del 71,4 % al 77,2 % en el caso del estándar de PTH (> 30% de sus pacientes con PTH entre 150 y 300 pg/ml); y del 42,8% al 63,5% en el caso del estándar de fósforo (> 75% de sus pacientes con fósforo < 5,5 mg/dl). Más del 50% de los centros mejoraron sus resultados con respecto al inicio del estudio en todas las áreas analizadas. Los centros que no obtuvieron una mejora en sus resultados partían de porcentajes de cumplimiento de los indicadores significativamente más altos que aquellos que si lograron mejorarlos (80,6 ± 15,4 versus 71,8 ± 16,6 respectivamente; p < 0,001). Conclusiones: Estamos avanzando en lo referente al conocimiento de los resultados de la hemodiálisis, aunque el trabajo pendiente todavía es extenso. La monitorización de indicadores de calidad respecto a un estándar, y su puesta en común con otros centros puede contribuir a la mejora de resultados y a la disminución en la variabilidad entre centros (AU)

Introduction: The Spanish Society of Nephrology «Quality in Nephrology Working Group» (QNWG) was created in 2002. The aims of this group are the identification, diffusion, implementation and consolidation of a systematic, objective and comprehensive set of quality performance measures (QPMs) to help along the improvement of patient care and outcomes on hemodialysis, by means of strategies of feedback and benchmarking, and the design of quality improvement projects. The objective of this study is to present the preliminary results of a set of quality performance measures obtained in a group of Spanish hemodialysis centers, as well as to evaluate the repercussion of the application of the aforementioned thecniques on the observed results. Methods: During 2007 a total of 28 hemodialysis units participated in the study; 2,516 patients were evaluated. A specific software was designed and used to facilitate the calculation of CPMs in each unit. The clinical indicators used refered to dialysis adequacy; anemia; mineral metabolisme; nutrition; viral infections; vascular access; mortality, morbidity (number and days of hospital admissions); and renal transplant. Every three months each center received its own data and its comparison with the rest of the group. Results: Except for hemoglobin levels we observed a global improvement. The percentage of centers reaching the stablished standards defined by the QNWG passed from 65% to 90.9% for Kt/V Daugirdas II (> 1.3 in > that 80% of the patients); from 71.4% to 77.2% for PTH (> 30% of patients with serum PTH between 150 and 300 pg/ml); and from 42.8% to 63.5% for phosphate (> 75% of patients with a serum phsphate < 5.5 mg/dl). More than 50% of centers showed an improvement in their final results as compared with their own initial results in all analyzed CPMs. Those centers that did not obtained an improvement in their results started the study with better percentages of acomplishment than those that showed a significant improvement in QPMs. (80.6 ± 15.4 versus 71.8 ± 16.6 respectively; p < 0.001). Conclusions: We are starting to make progresses in our knowledge of clinical results in our hemodialysis units, although there is still a long way to go over. To monitor and share CPMs results within hemodialysis centers might help to improve their results as well as to reduce intecenters variability (AU)

[Preliminary results of the Spanish Society of Nephrology multicenter study of quality performance measures: hemodialysis outcomes can be improved]. / Resultados del proyecto de mejora de la calidad de la asistencia en hemodiálisis: estudio multicéntrico de indicadores de calidad de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología (SEN).

INTRODUCTION: The Spanish Society of Nephrology "Quality in Nephrology Working Group" (QNWG) was created in 2002. The aims of this group are the identification, diffusion, implementation and consolidation of a systematic, objective and comprehensive set of quality performance measures (QPMs) to help along the improvement of patient care and outcomes on hemodialysis, by means of strategies of feedback and benchmarking, and the design of quality improvement projects. The objective of this study is to present the preliminary results of a set of quality performance measures obtained in a group of Spanish hemodialysis centers, as well as to evaluate the repercussion of the application of the aforementioned thecniques on the observed results. METHODS: During 2007 a total of 28 hemodialysis units participated in the study; 2516 patients were evaluated. A specific software was designed and used to facilitate the calculation of CPMs in each unit. The clinical indicators used refered to dialysis adequacy; anemia; mineral metabolisme; nutrition; viral infections; vascular access; mortality, morbidity (number and days of hospital admissions); and renal transplant. Every three months each center received its own data and its comparison with the rest of the group. RESULTS: Except for hemoglobin levels we observed a global improvement. The percentage of centers reaching the stablished standards defined by the QNWG passed from 65% to 90,9% for Kt/V Daugirdas II (> 1,3 in > that 80% of the patients); from 71,4 % to 77,2 % for PTH (> 30 % of patients with serum PTH between 150 and 300 pg/ml); and from 42,8 % to 63,5 % for phosphate (> 75 % of patients with a serum phsphate < 5,5 mg/dl). More than 50% of centers showed an improvement in their final results as compared with their own initial results in all analyzed CPMs. Those centers that did not obtained an improvement in their results started the study with better percentages of acomplishment than those that showed a significant improvement in QPMs. (80,6+/-15,4 versus 71,8+/-16,6 respectively; p<0,001) CONCLUSIONS: We are starting to make progresses in our knowledge of clinical results in our hemodialysis units, although there is still a long way to go over. To monitor and share CPMs results within hemodialysis centers might help to improve their results as well as to reduce intecenters variability.

Transfer of control between causal predictive judgments and instrumental responding.

Four experiments were conducted to explore outcome-specific transfer from causal predictive judgments to instrumental responding. A video game was designed in which participants had to defend Andalusia from navy and air force attacks. First, they learned the relationship between two instrumental responses (two key on a standard keyboard) and two different outcomes (destruction of the ships or destruction of the planes). Then they learned to predict which of two different stimuli predicted which outcome. Finally, they had the opportunity of making either of the two instrumental responses in the presence of either stimulus. Transfer was shown as a preference for the response that shared an outcome with the current stimulus. The presentation of the stimulus during the test produced a decrease in the overall rate of response. Responding to a neutral stimulus in Experiments 2 and 3 suggested that this overall decrease in responding was due to a combination of the time needed to process the meaning of the stimulus and the activation of the representation of the outcome in the presence of the stimulus during the test. Transfer between predictive judgments and instrumental responding mirrors the outcome-specific Pavlovian instrumental transfer observed in conditioning studies with rats.