Procedimientos metodológicos para lograr las relaciones interdisciplinarias / Methodological procedures to achieve interdisciplinary relationships

RESUMEN Fundamento: La interdisciplinariedad responde a la necesidad de superar la unilateralidad y el peligro de dispersión de los conocimientos aportados. La convergencia entre las disciplinas condiciona el tratamiento del objeto como un todo y permite un conocimiento sistémico, en el que las partes interactúan, tal como existen en la realidad objetiva. Objetivo: Proponer procedimientos metodológicos dirigidos a la preparación del docente para el establecimiento de las relaciones interdisciplinarias en la formación inicial de los estudiantes de la carrera Licenciatura en Educación Primaria. Metodología: Se utilizaron métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos, los que permitieron la recogida y el procesamiento de la información durante la investigación. La muestra seleccionada estuvo compuesta por 19 docentes de la carrera Licenciatura en Educación Primaria. Resultados: Se aportaron procedimientos metodológicos que favorecieron la apropiación consciente y creadora de los docentes para el logro de las relaciones interdisciplinarias, a partir del análisis horizontal, vertical y transversal de las disciplinas del currículo. Conclusiones: En el desarrollo de los procedimientos metodológicos propuestos se evidenció la preparación de los docentes para el establecimiento de las relaciones interdisciplinarias(AU)

ABSTRACT Background: Interdisciplinarity responds to the need to overcome unilateralism and the danger of dispersion of the knowledge provided. The convergence between the disciplines conditions the treatment of the object as a whole and allows a systemic knowledge, in which the parties interact, as they exist in objective reality. Objective: Propose methodological procedures aimed at preparing the teacher for the establishment of interdisciplinary relations in the initial training of the students of the degree Degree in Primary Education. Methodology: Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used, which allowed the collection and processing of the information during the investigation. The sample selected was composed of 19 teachers of the degree in Primary Education. Results: Methodological procedures were provided that favored the conscious and creative appropriation of the teachers for the achievement of the interdisciplinary relationships, from the horizontal, vertical and transversal analysis of the disciplines of the curriculum. Conclusions: In the development of the proposed methodological procedures, the preparation of teachers for the establishment of interdisciplinary relationships was evidenced(AU)

Procedimientos metodológicos para lograr las relaciones interdisciplinarias / Methodological procedures to achieve interdisciplinary relationships

RESUMEN Fundamento: La interdisciplinariedad responde a la necesidad de superar la unilateralidad y el peligro de dispersión de los conocimientos aportados. La convergencia entre las disciplinas condiciona el tratamiento del objeto como un todo y permite un conocimiento sistémico, en el que las partes interactúan, tal como existen en la realidad objetiva. Objetivo: Proponer procedimientos metodológicos dirigidos a la preparación del docente para el establecimiento de las relaciones interdisciplinarias en la formación inicial de los estudiantes de la carrera Licenciatura en Educación Primaria. Metodología: Se utilizaron métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos, los que permitieron la recogida y el procesamiento de la información durante la investigación. La muestra seleccionada estuvo compuesta por 19 docentes de la carrera Licenciatura en Educación Primaria. Resultados: Se aportaron procedimientos metodológicos que favorecieron la apropiación consciente y creadora de los docentes para el logro de las relaciones interdisciplinarias, a partir del análisis horizontal, vertical y transversal de las disciplinas del currículo. Conclusiones: En el desarrollo de los procedimientos metodológicos propuestos se evidenció la preparación de los docentes para el establecimiento de las relaciones interdisciplinarias.

ABSTRACT Background: Interdisciplinarity responds to the need to overcome unilateralism and the danger of dispersion of the knowledge provided. The convergence between the disciplines conditions the treatment of the object as a whole and allows a systemic knowledge, in which the parties interact, as they exist in objective reality. Objective: Propose methodological procedures aimed at preparing the teacher for the establishment of interdisciplinary relations in the initial training of the students of the degree Degree in Primary Education. Methodology: Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used, which allowed the collection and processing of the information during the investigation. The sample selected was composed of 19 teachers of the degree in Primary Education. Results: Methodological procedures were provided that favored the conscious and creative appropriation of the teachers for the achievement of the interdisciplinary relationships, from the horizontal, vertical and transversal analysis of the disciplines of the curriculum. Conclusions: In the development of the proposed methodological procedures, the preparation of teachers for the establishment of interdisciplinary relationships was evidenced.

Modeling the two- and three-dimensional displacement field in Lorca, Spain, subsidence and the global implications.

Land subsidence associated with overexploitation of aquifers is a hazard that commonly affects large areas worldwide. The Lorca area, located in southeast Spain, has undergone one of the highest subsidence rates in Europe as a direct consequence of long-term aquifer exploitation. Previous studies carried out on the region assumed that the ground deformation retrieved from satellite radar interferometry corresponds only to vertical displacement. Here we report, for the first time, the two- and three-dimensional displacement field over the study area using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from Sentinel-1A images and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations. By modeling this displacement, we provide new insights on the spatial and temporal evolution of the subsidence processes and on the main governing mechanisms. Additionally, we also demonstrate the importance of knowing both the vertical and horizontal components of the displacement to properly characterize similar hazards. Based on these results, we propose some general guidelines for the sustainable management and monitoring of land subsidence related to anthropogenic activities.

Response of Thalassia Testudinum Morphometry and Distribution to Environmental Drivers in a Pristine Tropical Lagoon.

This study was undertaken to determine the relationships between the biomass, morphometry, and density of short shoots (SS) of the tropical seagrass Thalassia testudinum and the physical-environmental forcing in the region. Seasonal sampling surveys were undertaken four times in Bahia de la Ascension, a shallow estuary in the western Mexican Caribbean, to measure plant morphology and environmental variables. The estuary has a fresh water-influenced inner bay, a large central basin and a marine zone featuring a barrier reef at the seaward margin. Leaf size was positively correlated with increasing salinity, but total biomass was not, being similar across most of the sites. Aboveground biomass exhibited seasonal differences in dry and rainy seasons along the bay, most markedly in the brackish inner bay where an abrupt decline in biomass coincided with the rainy season. The relationship between nutrients and biomass indicates that the aboveground/belowground biomass ratio increases as nutrient availability increases. Areal cover was inversely correlated with SS density during both dry and rainy seasons. Maximum SS recruitment coincided with the rainy season. Peaks in SS density were recorded in the freshwater-influenced inner bay during an ENSO cold phase in 2007 ("La Niña") which is associated with a wetter dry season and following a strong storm (Hurricane Dean). The onset of the rainy season influences both shoot density and T. testudinum biomass by controlling the freshwater input to the bay and thus, the system's salinity gradient and external nutrients supply from the coastal wetland.

Multitemporal Modelling of Socio-Economic Wildfire Drivers in Central Spain between the 1980s and the 2000s: Comparing Generalized Linear Models to Machine Learning Algorithms.

The socio-economic factors are of key importance during all phases of wildfire management that include prevention, suppression and restoration. However, modeling these factors, at the proper spatial and temporal scale to understand fire regimes is still challenging. This study analyses socio-economic drivers of wildfire occurrence in central Spain. This site represents a good example of how human activities play a key role over wildfires in the European Mediterranean basin. Generalized Linear Models (GLM) and machine learning Maximum Entropy models (Maxent) predicted wildfire occurrence in the 1980s and also in the 2000s to identify changes between each period in the socio-economic drivers affecting wildfire occurrence. GLM base their estimation on wildfire presence-absence observations whereas Maxent on wildfire presence-only. According to indicators like sensitivity or commission error Maxent outperformed GLM in both periods. It achieved a sensitivity of 38.9% and a commission error of 43.9% for the 1980s, and 67.3% and 17.9% for the 2000s. Instead, GLM obtained 23.33, 64.97, 9.41 and 18.34%, respectively. However GLM performed steadier than Maxent in terms of the overall fit. Both models explained wildfires from predictors such as population density and Wildland Urban Interface (WUI), but differed in their relative contribution. As a result of the urban sprawl and an abandonment of rural areas, predictors like WUI and distance to roads increased their contribution to both models in the 2000s, whereas Forest-Grassland Interface (FGI) influence decreased. This study demonstrates that human component can be modelled with a spatio-temporal dimension to integrate it into wildfire risk assessment.

[Modification of the obstetric hysterectomy in placental acretism]. / Modificación de la histerectomía obstétrica en acretismo placentario.

Acretismo is a condition of abnormal placentation, in which the villi invade the myometrium at the implantation site, Representing a risk of massive obstetric hemorrhage with possible alterations of the coagulation, besides to the damage to other organs. Moving forward even to his death, so it is a challenge for the obstetric services, to make a correct diagnosis and in a timely manner, along with the programming of the interruption of pregnancy, as well as the utilization of proper surgical techniques and the involvement of a multidisciplinary team to the possible complications. The following describes a surgical technique modified for patients with a diagnosis of acretismo placentario, used in the Hospital General de Occidente in Jalisco, Mexico from 1 year ago, presenting two clinical cases of patients who underwent surgery with this technique, considering it necessary to present up to the moment a significant decrease in the amount of bleeding, zero days stay of patients in intensive care, any complications in the mother as well as in the product, and more importantly, it has remained at the hospital with no maternal death by this pathology in the last year, considering the nature of being a referral hospital for the whole entity by the Servicios de Salud Jalisco. It is necessary to consider the risks/benefits in the short, medium and long term for the institution, the mother and the product, allowing present good practices that will impinge on the permanent reduction of the maternal death by this pathology.