Xenoinjertos de piel de tilapia en quemaduras cutáneas. Una revisión exploratoria / Tilapia skin xenografts in skin burns. An exploratory review

Introducción y objetivo: El tratamiento de heridas, y en particular el de las quemaduras es complejo, son lesiones de alto costo e implican amplios periodos de hospitalización, además de incapacidades físicas, laborales y alteraciones emocionales. Existen diferentes tratamientos para su manejo, entre ellos, recientemente, los xenoinjertos de piel de tilapia, del Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus), un pez de agua dulce nativo de África que se encuentra y cultiva comúnmente en diferentes países tropicales y subtropicales. Es un tejido rico en fibras de colágeno tipo I y III, con resistencia a la humedad y estructura similar a la piel humana. Usada como xenoinjerto, posee propiedades antiinflamatorias y antibacterianas que apoyan y mejoran la cicatrización. Evaluamos la eficacia de los injertos de piel de tilapia en comparación con técnicas alternativas para el tratamiento de quemaduras. Material y método: Búsqueda bibliográfica sistemática en las bases de datos PubMed y ScienceDirect, utilizando los términos MeSH, con la ecuación de búsqueda (tilapia skin) AND (burns), incluyendo estudios de casos y controles, reportes de caso y ensayos controlados aleatorios. Resultados: Analizamos 5 trabajos para el estudio final; 4 eran de Brasil (país que actualmente tiene más experiencia en el uso de piel de tilapia en regeneración tisular) y el quinto de Indonesia. Todos en inglés. Conclusiones: De nuestra revisión podemos concluir que, en la actualidad, no existe una técnica estándar para tratar heridas, sin embargo, los injertos de piel de tilapia demostraron una mejor y más rápida cicatrización de heridas, menos cambios de apósitos, menos dolor y costos más bajos, en comparación con las técnicas convencionales.Nivel de evidencia científica 5c Terapéutico.(AU)

Background and objective: Treatment of wounds, and burns in particular, is complex, they are high-cost injuries, imply long periods of hospitalization, additionally physical and work disabilities and emotional disturbances. There are different treatments available for its management, recently including tilapia skin xenografts. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a fresh water fish, native to Africa and commonly found and farmed in different tropical and subtropical countries. The skin It is a tissue rich in type I and III collagen fibers and has resistance to moisture and skin alterations similar to human skin. Used as a xenograft, it possess anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties that support and enhance healing. In this study, we evaluate the efficacy of tilapia skin grafts in comparison with alternative techniques for the treatment of burns. Methods: A systematic bibliographic search was carried out using the PubMed and ScienceDirect data bases, MeSH terms were used with the search equation (tilapia skin) AND (burns), including case-control studies, case reports, and randomized controlled trials. Results: Five papers were included for the final study; 4 were from Brazil (the country that currently has the most experience in the use of tilapia skin in tissue regeneration) and 1 from Indonesia, all of them were written in English. Conclusions: There is currently no standard technique for treating wounds, however, fish skin grafts demonstrated faster and improved wound healing, fewer dressing changes, less pain, and lower costs, compared with conventional techniques. Level of evidence 5c Terapeutic.(AU)

Evaluation of Platelet Rich Fibrin Obtained Using Different Centrifugation Parameters as a Tool for Regenerative Medicine.

BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a biomaterial widely used in the field of regenerative medicine. The purpose of this work was to analyze the structure and biomolecular characteristics of PRF through nine centrifugation parameters (CP) for its preparation, using a pool of blood samples of five volunteers. METHODS: The PRF obtained was analyzed by morphological and histological characteristics, as well as electronic and atomic force microscopy and growth factors determinations. RESULTS: A longer time of centrifugation showed taller clots and denser mesh fibrin in comparison with a short time (p < 0.05). The protocols with higher speed of centrifugation showed higher levels of PDGF-BB and VEGF. Higher levels of TGFß1 were found in protocols with a shorter centrifuge time. The mean platelet count (916.05 ± 23.73 cells x 103 cells x cm3) and its roughness (Ra) (616.5 ± 45.2 nm) did not show significant differences between different CP (p > 0.05). A significant correlation between fibrin density and levels of PDGF (r = 0.57) and VEGF (r = 0.52) was found. Additionally, the size of the clot had a significant correlation (r = -0.47) with TGFß1 levels. CONCLUSIONS: Different centrifugation parameters to obtain PRF have been reported. These results indicate that changes in the conditions to obtain PRF have a significant impact on their fibrin structure, cellular distribution, and biomolecular content, which can be decisive for its choice in the different clinical applications to be used. It is necessary to use a standardized centrifuge and protocol to guarantee high-quality PRF and clinical outcomes with less variability.

Surgery through time. Saturn extract: an 18th century medical prescription.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze a medical prescription from the 18th century in the New Kingdom of Granada, nowadays Colombia, used in the treatment of soft tissue injuries, specifically wounds and skin ulcers. METHOD: A documentary search was conducted in the Cipriano Rodríguez Santamaria Historical Archive of the Octavio Arizmendi Posada Library, at Universidad de La Sabana (Chía, Colombia), and a review of the literature available in electronic databases. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The colonial medical prescription mentions the benefits of lead acetate in poultice for inflammatory processes in general and skin alterations. However, its use is not recommended due to its potential cytotoxic effect at tissue level in various organs.

OBJETIVO: Analizar una receta médica del siglo XVIII en el Nuevo Reino de Granada, hoy República de Colombia, utilizada para el tratamiento de las lesiones de tejidos blandos, específicamente heridas y úlceras en la piel. MÉTODO: Se realizó una búsqueda documental en el Archivo Histórico Cipriano Rodríguez Santamaría de la Biblioteca Octavio Arizmendi Posada, en la Universidad de La Sabana (Chía, Colombia), y se hizo una revisión de la literatura disponible en bases de datos electrónicas. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIÓN: En la receta médica colonial se mencionan los beneficios del uso de lo que se interpreta como acetato de plomo en cataplasma para procesos inflamatorios en general y alteraciones de la piel. Sin embargo, en la actualidad se conoce su potencial efecto citotóxico tisular en diversos órganos.

Ingeniería Tisular Para Regeneración Nerviosa: Una Revisión / Tissue Engineering For Nervous Regeneration: A Review

Resumen Introducción: Este artículo presenta avances de la medicina regenerativa y la ingeniería de tejidos orientados a la regeneración de neuronas, de axones y nervios. Revisamos las técnicas que existen actualmente, las más utilizas o prometedoras, en la búsqueda de avances para regenerar este tipo de tejidos. Objetivo: Con esta revisión queremos describir el conocimiento actual sobre la medicina regenerativa y la ingeniería de tejidos orientados a la reparación de tejidos nerviosos. Metodología: Para desarrollar esta revisión se realizó una búsqueda de artículos entre los años 2007 y el 2018, la búsqueda se restringió a los artículos que incluyeran dentro de sus palabras clave; Ingeniería tisular, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Medicina regenerativa, Regeneración axonal, Regeneración neuronal, Regeneración tisular. Con el fin de seleccionar los artículos más adecuados, se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en bases de datos como Springer, Medline Ebsco y Science direct. Conclusiones: Se mencionan técnicas como implantación de injertos, terapia celular y terapia molecular e implantación de andamios 3D para regeneración de neuronas, axones y nervios; a partir de esta revisión pudimos observar que estas técnicas en su mayoría funcionan mejor cuando se combinan, aprovechando las ventajas de cada una para promover la regeneración de los diferentes tejidos nerviosos.

Introduction: This article presents advances in regenerative medicine aimed at the regeneration of nervous and neuronal tissue, focusing on regeneration of neurons, axons and nerve regeneration. We will review the techniques that currently exist, the most used or promising, in the search of advances to regenerate this type of tissues. Objective: With this review we want to describe the current knowledge about regenerative medicine and tissue engineering oriented to nerve tissue repair. Methodology: To carry out this review, a search of articles was carried out between 2007 and 2018, the search was restricted to the articles that they included within their keywords; Tissue Engineering, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Regenerative Medicine, Axonal Regeneration, Neuronal Regeneration, Tissue Regeneration. We will mention about techniques such as implantation. Conclusions: with this review we could observe that most of the mentioned techniques work better when combined, taking advantage of each one to promote a greater regeneration of the different tissues.

Platelet-rich plasma, a powerful tool in dermatology.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a platelet concentrate contained in a small volume of plasma, has become a promising option in the last decade to treat different diseases related to the skin due to its high concentration of growth factors. When it is of autologous origin, it decreases the probability of suffering adverse reactions and transfusion-transmitted infections, thus it is an optimal and safe therapy for the patient. PRP has been used in the treatment of several dermatological conditions such as acne, alopecia, and skin ulcers. Its use has also extended to other skin conditions such as melasma, hyperpigmentation, and burns, where it stimulates tissue repair and regeneration. The purpose of this article is to review the management and treatment of different dermatological alterations with PRP. Although there are a variety of studies that support the use of PRP, more research is needed to standardise the protocols for obtaining, processing, and applying it as well as understanding the biological and molecular bases of its functioning.