Intraabdominal desmoid tumor. Clinical clinical case and literature review.

Desmoid tumors are clinical entities rarely diagnosed at an initial presentation because of its low incidence, they are characterized by a locally aggressive presentation and high rates of local relapse. Its presentation can be intra- or extra-abdominal. We present a clinical case of a female, 15 year old patient, with three months of abdominal pain, a giant intra-abdominal mass was diagnosed with histologic diagnosis of desmoid tumor. Several surgical procedures were performed, having a las a R1 resection (focally microscopic margins). In this case association with pregnancy, abdominal trauma, previous surgeries and genetic syndromes were discarded.

Los tumores desmoides son afecciones benignas raramente reconocidas de manera inicial por su baja incidencia. Se caracterizan por un comportamiento local agresivo y altas tasas de recurrencia. Su presentación puede ser extraabdominal o intraabdominal. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 15 años con cuadro de dolor abdominal de 3 meses de evolución, en la que se documentó una gran masa intraabdominal con diagnóstico histológico de tumor desmoide y fue sometida a múltiples intervenciones quirúrgicas con las que se logró una resección R1 (microscópicamente positivo). Se descartó su asociación con embarazo, trauma abdominal, cirugías previas y síndromes genéticos.

Emergence of human-adapted Salmonella enterica is linked to the Neolithization process.

It has been hypothesized that the Neolithic transition towards an agricultural and pastoralist economy facilitated the emergence of human-adapted pathogens. Here, we recovered eight Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica genomes from human skeletons of transitional foragers, pastoralists and agropastoralists in western Eurasia that were up to 6,500 yr old. Despite the high genetic diversity of S. enterica, all ancient bacterial genomes clustered in a single previously uncharacterized branch that contains S. enterica adapted to multiple mammalian species. All ancient bacterial genomes from prehistoric (agro-)pastoralists fall within a part of this branch that also includes the human-specific S. enterica Paratyphi C, illustrating the evolution of a human pathogen over a period of 5,000 yr. Bacterial genomic comparisons suggest that the earlier ancient strains were not host specific, differed in pathogenic potential and experienced convergent pseudogenization that accompanied their downstream host adaptation. These observations support the concept that the emergence of human-adapted S. enterica is linked to human cultural transformations.

Dual nebulizer sample introduction system for simultaneous determination of volatile elemental hydrides and other elements.

A dual sample introduction system was explored for volatile hydride generation in inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) performed in the radially viewed mode. The system consists of two pneumatic nebulizers connected to the conventional spray chamber of the instrument via a simple adaptor. This configuration permits hydride generation but still allows other elements to be determined by pneumatic nebulization. This work was focused on the optimization of the plasma operating conditions for the determination of As, Hg, Sb and Se and other elements. The excitation conditions of the ICP-OES instrument operated with the dual sample introduction system were also explored. Results showed that the analytical performance of the dual system for the determination of As, Hg, Sb and Se was superior to those of conventional nebulization systems. The dual system also enabled the determination of elements that do not form volatile hydrides, but with less sensitivity than conventional nebulization systems. An evaluation of the plasma robustness showed that the gases generated in the hydride reactions did not significantly affect the plasma discharge. Similar to conventional hydride generation techniques, the analysis was susceptible to nonspectroscopic interferences produced by transition metals. Finally, the applicability of the dual nebulization system to practical ICP-OES studies was demonstrated by determining the trace elements in an oyster tissue standard reference material.