[Clinical guide for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of overweight and obesity in children]. / Guía clínica para el diagnóstico, tratamiento y prevención del sobrepeso y la obesidad en pediatría.

The prevalence of overweight has significantly increased thorough the world and Mexico is not an exception considering that the National Survey of Nutrition (1999) showed that 19.5% of scholar children in Mexico have overweight and other survey from Mexico City (ENURBAL, 2002) have shown that 17% in the same range of age are obese. Therefore, this clinical guide pretends to be an instrument for supporting the professionals of health for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of obesity in children using the levels of medical attention. It is known that the treatment is difficult and it requires a full multidisciplinary team of professionals and that the key of prevention is the modification of the sedentary lifestyle and the decrease of energy intake. This guide was elaborated by pediatricians working in nutrition in public and university institutions, family and general physicians and pediatricians with private practice.

[Associated factors to abnormal glucosylated hemoglobin in the postpartum period]. / Factores relacionados con la hemoglobina glucosilada anormal en el puerperio inmediato.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the association between risk factors and abnormal glucosylated hemoglobin detected in women during the postpartum period. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A case and control study was carried out at the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca during six months. Glucosylated hemoglobin and glucose concentration from 160 fasting women with a pregnancy > or =28 weeks was obtained during the postpartum period. With an odds ratio and confidence interval (95%) the epidemiological meaning of risk factors was identified. RESULTS: The abnormal glucosylated hemoglobin was significantly associated to: single, separated and divorced women (p < 0.05); major frequency of previous caesarean (OR: 2.78, IC 95%:1.25-6.22), p = 0.006, and higher proportion of children with congenital malformations (OR: 12, IC 95%: 1.38-104), p = 0.01. In the group cases 48% of caesareans was associated to probable gestational diabetes: moderate preeclampsia, eclampsia, fetal macrosomy, and preterm deliveries. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to make an early detection of risk factors associated to abnormal glucosylated hemoglobin and to prevent adverse effects as congenital malformations and clinical complications that increase the incidence of caesarean.