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1.
Bol. pediatr ; 57(242): 298-301, 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-172062

ABSTRACT

Los tumores del tronco encefálico constituyen el 10-25% de los tumores cerebrales pediátricos. Los gliomas focales del mesencéfalo son un subgrupo distinto y constituyen entre el 9-10% del total de tumores de tronco infantiles. Dan lugar a manifestaciones relacionadas con hidrocefalia obstructiva y deben ser tenidos en cuenta ante obstrucciones del acueducto de Silvio de aparición tardía, al subyacer en un 10% de las mismas. La RMN es la prueba diagnóstica de elección. El diagnóstico de "glioma tectal benigno" se realiza habitualmente en base a la apariencia radiológica y al curso indolente de estas lesiones. Si la hidrocefalia se trata adecuadamente, el pronóstico en general es excelente. Dado el curso habitualmente benigno de los gliomas tectales, la mayoría de los pacientes pueden ser seguidos con RMN periódicas, sin tratamiento específico del tumor. La ventriculostomía endoscópica es el tratamiento de elección para la hidrocefalia. La torpeza motriz y la ataxia están descritas como síntoma de presentación de los tumores del tectum aunque los estudios que describen temblor con hidrocefalia subyacente son escasos. Presentamos un paciente con torpeza motriz, temblor y alteración en el funcionamiento intelectual en relación a hidrocefalia obstructiva crónica y lesión mesencefálica compatible con glioma tectal. El diagnóstico se realizó con RMN, y se realizó tratamiento con ventriculostomía endoscópica, con buena evolución clínica. Es fundamental tener presente la posibilidad de una hidrocefalia y un tumor mesencefálico subyacente ante todo paciente pediátrico con síntomas de torpeza motriz, sobre todo si asocia síntomas de bajo rendimiento cognitivo


Brainstem tumors constitute 10-25% of pediatric brain tumors. Focal gliomas of the midbrain are a distinct subgroup and constitute between 9-10% of the total trunk tumors in children. They give rise to manifestations related to obstructive hydrocephaly and must be taken into account in the case of obstructions of the late-onset Silvio aqueduct, when undergoing in 10% of them. MRI is the diagnostic test of choice. The diagnosis of "benign tectal glioma" is usually made based on the radiological appearance and the indolent course of these lesions. If hydrocephalus is treated properly, the overall prognosis is excellent. Given the usually benign course of tectum gliomas, most patients can be followed with periodic MRI without specific tumor treatment. Endoscopic ventriculostomy is the treatment of choice for hydrocephalus. Motor clumsiness and ataxia are described as presenting symptoms of tectum tumors, although studies describing tremor with underlying hydrocephalus are scarce. We present a patient with motor clumsiness, tremor, and altered intellectual functioning in relation to chronic obstructive hydrocephalus and mesencephalic lesion compatible with tectal glioma. The diagnosis was made with MRI, and treatment with endoscopic ventriculostomy was performed, with good clinical evolution. It is essential to keep in mind the possibility of a hydrocephalus and an underlying mesencephalic tumor before any pediatric patient with symptoms of motor clumsiness, especially if he associates symptoms of low cognitive performance


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Ataxia/diagnostic imaging , Ataxia/surgery , Glioma/diagnostic imaging , Hydrocephalus/complications , Glioma/complications , Brain Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Brain Neoplasms/surgery , Tremor/complications , Brain Stem/diagnostic imaging , Brain Stem/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
2.
Bol. pediatr ; 56(237): 186-190, 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-160402

ABSTRACT

El neuroblastoma (NB) es el tumor extracraneal sólido más frecuente en la infancia. Representa el 7% de los cánceres pediátricos. Se origina de la cresta neural, y puede aparecer en cualquiera de los sitios anatómicos a lo largo de la cadena ganglionar simpática, así como en la glándula suprarrenal. El 90% ocurre en menores de 5 años. Presenta un amplio espectro de comportamiento clínico. Los estudios muestran metástasis orbitarias en el 10-20% de los casos. La proptosis y equimosis periorbitaria son consideradas dos de los signos clásicos del neuroblastoma en niños. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 4 años de edad con un neuroblastoma metastásico que se manifestó como una proptosis de corta evolución al diagnóstico, sin otro tipo de sintomatología ni hallazgos en la exploración física. Tras las pruebas complementarias, se la diagnosticó de neuroblastoma estadio IV de la INSS (The International Neuroblastoma Staying System). No se localizó el tumor primario. Se realizó tratamiento con quimioterapia de inducción, terapia de acondicionamiento y trasplante autólogo de progenitores hematopoyéticos, entrando en remisión completa. Posteriormente inmunoterapia, manteniendo enfermedad residual negativa. Queremos destacar la importancia de un diagnóstico precoz en esta patología de cara a la supervivencia del paciente, y que siempre debe considerarse el diagnóstico de NB ante un exoftalmos en un paciente previamente sano. El tratamiento de los pacientes con neuroblastoma de alto riesgo es multimodal, habiendo mejorado el pronóstico el uso combinado de inmunoterapia, ácido 13 cis-retinoico y trasplante autólogo de médula ósea


Neuroblastoma (NB) is an extracranial solid brain tumor found most frequently during childhood. It represents 7% of the pediatric cancers. It originates in the neural crest and can appear in any part of the anatomy along the ganglionic sympathetic chain, as well as in the adrenal gland. 90% of cases occur en children under the age of 5. It presents a broad spectrum of behavior. Studies have shown orbital metastases in 10-20% of cases. Proptosis and ecchymosis periorbitary are considered two classic signs of neuroblastoma in children. We are presenting a case of a 4 year old female patient with metastatic neuroblastoma that manifested like a proptosis of short evolution to its diagnosis, without any other type of symtomatololgy or findings in the physical exploration. After complementary tests she was diagnosed with stage IV neuroblastoma in the INSS (The International Neuroblastoma Staying System). The primary tumor was not located. Complete remission was obtained using induction chemotherapy, conditioning therapy and autologous hematopoietic progenitors transplant. After immunotherapy negative residual disease was maintained. We would like to highlight the importance of early diagnosis in this pathology facing the patient’s survival and must always consider the NB diagnosis when an exophthalmos presents in a previously healthy patient. Treatment in patients with high risk neuroblastoma is multimodal, having improved the prognosis by using a combination of immunotherapy, 13-cis-retinoic acid and the autologous bone marrow transplant


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child, Preschool , Exophthalmos/diagnosis , Neuroblastoma/diagnosis , Orbital Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasm Metastasis , Biopsy
3.
Ann Vasc Surg ; 23(3): 410.e17-20, 2009.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18502607

ABSTRACT

Prosthetic infection is one of the most serious complications of vascular surgery, and its treatment remains a surgical challenge. Good results have been reported using in situ replacement with arterial allografts, but late degeneration of the graft itself may necessitate further repair. We report a case of rupture and pseudoaneurysm formation of an iliac artery homograft urgently treated by endoluminal grafting with complete and immediate exclusion of the sac without complications. At 6-month follow-up angio-computed tomography showed patency of the vascular stent graft without leak evidence. Two years and 6 months after the procedure, the patient is well and alive.


Subject(s)
Aneurysm, False/surgery , Aneurysm, Ruptured/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects , Blood Vessel Prosthesis/adverse effects , Cryopreservation , Iliac Artery/transplantation , Prosthesis-Related Infections/surgery , Vascular Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Aged, 80 and over , Aneurysm, False/diagnostic imaging , Aneurysm, False/etiology , Aneurysm, Ruptured/diagnostic imaging , Aneurysm, Ruptured/etiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Aortic Aneurysm/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/instrumentation , Device Removal , Humans , Iliac Aneurysm/surgery , Male , Prosthesis Design , Prosthesis-Related Infections/etiology , Prosthesis-Related Infections/microbiology , Reoperation , Tomography, Spiral Computed , Transplantation, Homologous , Treatment Outcome
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