Jejunal gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a diagnostic challenge.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are rare mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. These tumors usually affect people over 50 years of age and they exhibit a wide range of clinical manifestations, including asymptomatic patients, nonspecific symptoms, obstruction or bleeding, which may delay diagnosis. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial because GISTs can be aggressive and metastasize. This case highlights the importance of considering GISTs in the differential diagnosis of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.

Fístula colecistogástrica diagnosticada mediante ultrasonografía endoscópica / Cholecystogastric fistula diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonography

A case of a patient with symptoms of gastric obstruction secondary to cholecystogastric fistula is presented and a brief review of the literature is done.(AU)

La cápsula endoscópica para el diagnóstico del melanoma intestinal / Cholecystogastric fistula diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonography

Melanoma is a cancer that frequently metastasises to the small bowel, but most cases are asymptomatic and are diagnosed postmortem. Therefore, CT and PET CT cannot detect all lesions and conventional endoscopic study only detects 10-20% of lesions. In this study, we present the case of a 68-year-old patient with a history of cutaneous melanoma and a diagnosis of intestinal melanoma. Thanks to capsule endoscopy, two lesions compatible with cutaneous melanoma metastasis to the small bowel were detected, allowing a much more effective surgical planning. Capsule endoscopy is an innovative technique that improves preoperative diagnosis, as it is able to detect bowel segments that cannot be inspected by conventional endoscopy. It also has a better resolution than conventional CT, improving sensitivity in the detection of lesions.(AU)

Cholecystogastric fistula diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonography.

A case of a patient with symptoms of gastric obstruction secondary to cholecystogastric fistula is presented and a brief review of the literature is done.

Efectos del tratamiento médico guiado en pacientes con miocardiopatía inducida por bloqueo de rama izquierda / Effects of guideline-directed medical therapy in patients with left bundle branch block-induced cardiomyopathy

Introducción y objetivos La miocardiopatía inducida por el bloqueo de rama izquierda (BRI) se produce en pacientes con BRI de larga duración. Es característico que muestren hiperrespuesta a las terapias de resincronización cardiaca (TRC). Sin embargo, existe poca información sobre su respuesta al tratamiento médico. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el cambio en la fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI) después de un periodo de 3 meses tras la dosificación del tratamiento médico recomendado por la guía de insuficiencia cardiaca. Métodos Se trata de un análisis retrospectivo, en el que se incluyó a todos los pacientes valorados en la unidad de insuficiencia cardiaca de un hospital universitario español entre 2020 y 2021, que presentaban disfunción ventricular de novo (FEVI <40%) y tenían antecedentes de BRI de larga evolución sin otras posibles causas de miocardiopatía. Resultados Se analizó a un total de 1.497 pacientes, de los que resultaron elegibles 21. El tiempo medio desde el primer diagnóstico de BRI a la primera consulta fue de 4,05±4,1 años. La FEVI media desde la primera consulta hasta el final de la dosificación mejoró del 29,5±5,7% al 32,7±8,6% (p=0,172); ninguno recuperó la función ventricular al final del seguimiento. La clase funcional de la New York Heart Association mejoró de 1,91±0,46 a 1,81±0,53 (p=0,542). Tras el implante del dispositivo de TRC en 8 pacientes, la FEVI mejoró un 18,1±6,4% (p=0,003). Conclusiones El tratamiento médico recomendado por la guía parece ser ineficaz para mejorar la FEVI y la clase funcional en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca de novo y miocardiopatía inducida por BRI. Basándose en la respuesta positiva a la TRC en la mejora de la FEVI, el implante temprano de TRC podría ser una estrategia razonable para estos pacientes (AU)

Introduction and objectives Left bundle branch block (LBBB)-induced cardiomyopathy occurs in patients with long-standing LBBB. These patients characteristically exhibit hyperresponsiveness to cardiac resynchronization therapies (CRT). However, there is scarce information on their response to medical treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the change in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after a 3-month period following titration of guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure. Methods This retrospective analysis included all patients assessed in the heart failure unit of a Spanish University Hospital between 2020 and 2021, who presented with de novo ventricular dysfunction (LVEF <40%) and had a history of long-standing LBBB with no other possible causes of cardiomyopathy. Results A total of 1497 patients were analyzed, of which 21 were finally eligible. Mean time from first diagnosis of LBBB to first consultation was 4.05± 4.1 years. Mean LVEF from first consultation to end of titration improved from 29.5±5.7% to 32.7±8.6% (P = .172), but none had recovered ventricular function at the end of follow-up. New York Heart Association functional class improved from 1.91±0.46 to 1.81±0.53 (P=.542). After CRT device implantation in 8 patients, LVEF improved by 18.1±6.4% (P=.003). Conclusions Guideline-directed medical therapy seems to be ineffective in improving LVEF and functional class in patients with de novo heart failure and LBBB-induced cardiomyopathy. Based on a positive response to CRT on LVEF improvement, early CRT implantation could be a reasonable strategy for these patients (AU)

Effects of guideline-directed medical therapy in patients with left bundle branch block-induced cardiomyopathy.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Left bundle branch block (LBBB)-induced cardiomyopathy occurs in patients with long-standing LBBB. These patients characteristically exhibit hyperresponsiveness to cardiac resynchronization therapies (CRT). However, there is scarce information on their response to medical treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the change in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after a 3-month period following titration of guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure. METHODS: This retrospective analysis included all patients assessed in the heart failure unit of a Spanish University Hospital between 2020 and 2021, who presented with de novo ventricular dysfunction (LVEF <40%) and had a history of long-standing LBBB with no other possible causes of cardiomyopathy. RESULTS: A total of 1497 patients were analyzed, of which 21 were finally eligible. Mean time from first diagnosis of LBBB to first consultation was 4.05± 4.1 years. Mean LVEF from first consultation to end of titration improved from 29.5±5.7% to 32.7±8.6% (P = .172), but none had recovered ventricular function at the end of follow-up. New York Heart Association functional class improved from 1.91±0.46 to 1.81±0.53 (P=.542). After CRT device implantation in 8 patients, LVEF improved by 18.1±6.4% (P=.003). CONCLUSIONS: Guideline-directed medical therapy seems to be ineffective in improving LVEF and functional class in patients with de novo heart failure and LBBB-induced cardiomyopathy. Based on a positive response to CRT on LVEF improvement, early CRT implantation could be a reasonable strategy for these patients.