Sexual Function in Women with Breast Cancer: An Evidence Map of Observational Studies.

Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer in women, and has implications for sexual function (SF). In this study, we used an evidence map to identify, describe, and organise the current available evidence regarding SF in women with BC. We searched the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases for observational studies assessing SF in women with BC published in English, Spanish, Portuguese, and French between 2000 and 2021 (sample ≥ 50 women). Of the 64 included studies (13,257 women with BC), 58 were published since 2010. Women who were married, partnered, or in relationships represented 74.1% of the entire sample. Only a single study was conducted on women representing a sexual minority. We identified 22 assessment instruments and 40 sexual dysfunction (SdF) domains. The number of publications on SF in women with BC has increased in the last 10 years, but still remains low. Some groups of women are underrepresented, and some SdF domains are underdiagnosed, with the assessment instrument used affecting which domains are studied. Women with BC need to be better screened, as their quality of life (QoL) is affected by SdF.

Association between Climate Factors and Dengue Fever in Asuncion, Paraguay: A Generalized Additive Model.

Dengue fever has been endemic in Paraguay since 2009 and is a major cause of public-health-management-related burdens. However, Paraguay still lacks information on the association between climate factors and dengue fever. We aimed to investigate the association between climatic factors and dengue fever in Asuncion. Cumulative dengue cases from January 2014 to December 2020 were extracted weekly, and new cases and incidence rates of dengue fever were calculated. Climate factor data were aggregated weekly, associations between dengue cases and climate factors were analyzed, and variables were selected to construct our model. A generalized additive model was used, and the best model was selected based on Akaike information criteria. Piecewise regression analyses were performed for non-linear climate factors. Wind and relative humidity were negatively associated with dengue cases, and minimum temperature was positively associated with dengue cases when the temperature was less than 21.3 °C and negatively associated with dengue when greater than 21.3 °C. Additional studies on dengue fever in Asuncion and other cities are needed to better understand dengue fever.

Lack of Evidence of COVID-19 Being a Risk Factor of Alopecia Areata: Results of a National Cohort Study in South Korea.

Background: Concerns about alopecia areata (AA) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients have emerged among dermatologists. However, most of the extant kinds of literature have limited implications by relying on cross-sectional studies with restricted study subjects without the control group. Objective: Our study aims to investigate the risk of developing AA among COVID-19 patients in South Korea using national representative data. Methods: We used the National Health Insurance Service COVID-19 cohort database, comprising COVID-19 patients and the control group, all of whom were diagnosed from January 1, 2020, to June 4, 2020. Patients were defined as individuals who were confirmed as COVID-19 positive, regardless of disease severity. Controls were defined as those who were confirmed as COVID-19 negatives. People with a history of AA during the period 2015-2019 were excluded. The primary endpoint was a new diagnosis of AA (ICD-10-Code: L63). The adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) of developing AA was estimated using a log-link Poisson regression model based on incidence density. The model adjusted for (1) age and sex and (2) demographic variables (age, sex, place of residence, and income level). Results: A total of 226,737 individuals (7,958 [3.5%] cases and 218,779 [96.5%] controls) were included in the final analysis. The ratio of newly diagnosed AA was 18/7,958 (0.2%) in cases and 195/218,779 (0.1%) in controls. IRRs of COVID-19 patients having newly diagnosed AA compared to controls were 0.78 (95% CI: 0.48-1.27) when age and sex were adjusted for and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.35-1.03) when all demographic variables were adjusted for. Conclusion: Diagnosis of COVID-19 was not significantly associated with the development of AA even after appropriately adjusting for covariates.

Factors associated with the difference between the incidence and case-fatality ratio of coronavirus disease 2019 by country.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been spreading all over the world; however, its incidence and case-fatality ratio differ greatly between countries and between continents. We investigated factors associated with international variation in COVID-19 incidence and case-fatality ratio (CFR) across 107 northern hemisphere countries, using publicly available COVID-19 outcome data as of 14 September 2020. We included country-specific geographic, demographic, socio-economic features, global health security index (GHSI), healthcare capacity, and major health behavior indexes in multivariate models to explain this variation. Multiple linear regression highlighted that incidence was associated with ethnic region (p < 0.05), global health security index 4 (GHSI4) (beta coefficient [ß] 0.50, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.14-0.87), population density (ß 0.35, 95% CI 0.10-0.60), and water safety level (ß 0.51, 95% CI 0.19-0.84). The CFR was associated with ethnic region (p < 0.05), GHSI4 (ß 0.53, 95% CI 0.14-0.92), proportion of population over 65 (ß 0.71, 95% CI 0.19-1.24), international tourism receipt level (ß - 0.23, 95% CI - 0.43 to - 0.03), and the number of physicians (ß - 0.37, 95% CI - 0.69 to - 0.06). Ethnic region was the most influential factor for both COVID-19 incidence (partial [Formula: see text] = 0.545) and CFR (partial [Formula: see text] = 0.372), even after adjusting for various confounding factors.

Iniciativas solidarias para ancianos confinados por pandemia de COVID-19: Análisis de contenido temático en prensa / Iniciativas de solidariedade para idosos confinadas pela pandemia de COVID-19: Análise de conteúdo temático na imprensa / Solidarity initiatives for the elderly confined by the COVID-19 pandemic: Thematic content analysis in press

Introducción: El confinamiento derivado del Estado de Alarma ante la pandemiapor COVID-19 dejó a los ancianos solos en una situación de mayor vulnerabilidad.Objetivo: Describir las iniciativas solidarias hacia los ancianos en la prensa escrita en elcontexto del confinamiento en España por Coronavirus. Material y métodos: Estudiocualitativo mediante análisis de contenido temático. Se empleó el buscador Google paralocalizar artículos en medios de divulgación periodística en formato digital del ámbitoespañol (local, regional o nacional), publicados entre el 14 de marzo y el 8 de mayo de2020. Realizamos una ficha en Excel con: título, fuente, ámbito, fecha, quincena, sección,autor, verbatín, agentes implicados, medio de contacto, necesidad implicada segúncategorización de Virginia Henderson y dirección web. Resultados: De los 100 artículosanalizados, la mayoría se publicaron en la primera quincena de confinamiento en ámbitolocal. Cubrían necesidades como "detectar y evitar peligros", "alimentación","comunicación", "movilización" y "aprendizaje". Los agentes implicados fueron lasociedad civil, también ONGs e instituciones públicas mediante Protección Civil o CruzRoja. Los medios empleados de comunicación fueron carteles, teléfono, teleasistencia y mail. Conclusiones: La pandemia del coronavirus ha desencadenado una red desolidaridad hacia los ancianos y la prensa se ha hecho eco de ello.(AU)

Introduction: The confinement derived from the Alarm State in the face of theCOVID-19 pandemic left the elderly alone in a situation of greater vulnerability.Objective: To describe the solidarity initiatives towards the elderly in the written press inthe context of confinement in Spain by Coronavirus. Material and methods: Qualitativestudy through thematic content analysis. The Google search engine was used to locatearticles in journalistic dissemination media in digital format of the Spanish scope (local,regional or national), published between March 14 and May 8, 2020. We made an Excelfile with: title, source, scope, date, fortnight, section, author, verbatim, agents involved,means of contact, necessity implied according to Virginia Henderson's categorization andweb address.Results: Of the 100 articles analyzed, most were published in the first fortnight ofconfinement at the local level. They covered needs such as "detect and avoid dangers","food", "communication", "mobilization" and "learning". The agents involved were civilsociety, also NGOs and public institutions through Civil Protection or the Red Cross. Themeans of communication used were posters, telephone, telecare and mail. Conclusions:The coronavirus pandemic has unleashed a network of solidarity towards the elderly andthe press has echoed this.(AU)

Introdução: O confinamento derivado do Estado de Alarme diante da pandemia deCOVID-19 deixou os idosos sozinhos em uma situação de maior vulnerabilidade.Objetivo: Descreva as iniciativas de solidariedade para idosos na imprensa escrita nocontexto do confinamento na Espanha por Coronavírus. Material e métodos: Estudoqualitativo através da análise de conteúdo temática. O mecanismo de busca do Google foiusado para localizar artigos em mídia de divulgação jornalística em formato digital doescopo em espanhol (local, regional ou nacional), publicado entre 14 de março e 8 demaio de 2020. Criamos um arquivo em Excel com: title, fonte, escopo, data, quinzena,seção, autor, literalmente, agentes envolvidos, meios de contato, necessidade envolvidade acordo com a categorização e o endereço da web de Virginia Henderson. Resultados:Dos 100 artigos analisados, a maioria foi publicada na primeira quinzena de confinamentoem nível local. Eles cobriram necessidades como "detectar e evitar perigos", "comida","comunicação", "mobilização" e "aprendizado". Os agentes envolvidos eram a sociedade civil, também ONGs e instituições públicas através da Proteção Civil ou da CruzVermelha. Os meios de comunicação utilizados foram cartazes, telefone, telecare ecorreio. Conclusões: A pandemia de coronavírus desencadeou uma rede de solidariedadepara com os idosos e a imprensa ecoou isso.(AU)

Changing influenza activity in the Southern hemisphere countries during the COVID-19 pandemic.

INTRODUCTION: While the reduction in influenza cases in the Northern hemisphere in 2020 has been widely reported, the influenza transmission dynamics in the Southern hemisphere remain uncharacterized. METHODS: This study analysed the change in influenza-positive proportion (IPP) between 2010-2019 and 2020 in countries in the Southern hemisphere with ≤40% missing IPP data in FluNet to assess how coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) relates to influenza activity. The analysis considered the incidence of COVID-19 reported by the World Health Organization and the implementation date of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) reported by the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker. RESULTS: In each of the seven included countries, the average IPP was lower in 2020 than in 2010-2019 (P < 0.01), with the largest difference being 31.1% (95% confidence interval 28.4-33.7%). In Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and South Africa, higher IPPs were observed during epidemiological weeks 4-16 in 2020 compared with the same weeks in 2010-2019. The IPP increased after NPIs were implemented in Argentina and South Africa, but started to decline in Bolivia, Chile, Madagascar and Paraguay before NPI implementation. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza burden and activity decreased in 2020 in the Southern hemisphere. The temporal decline in influenza activity varied between countries.

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Manejo del drenaje recuperador y autotransfusor de sangre tipo Bellovac ABT / Handling of a Bellovac ABT drainage recuperation-blood auto transfusion device

Se exponen las características del drenaje recuperador-autotransfusor de sangre tipo Bellovac ABT, así como su manejo adecuado y los cuidados de enfermería requeridos con el fin de minimizar los riesgos y proporcionar una óptima seguridad al paciente. También se exponen las complicaciones potenciales y se discuten las principales ventajas e incovenientes de este tipo de drenaje(AU)

The authors describe the characteristics of the Bellovac ABT drainage recuperation - blod auto transfusion device along with its proper handling and the required nurses´ care in order to minimize the risks and to provide optimun safety for patients. The authors also explain the potential complications and they discuss the main advantages this type of drainage has(AU)