ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical features of patients diagnosed with uveitic glaucoma (UG) and ocular hypertension secondary to uveitis (OHT-SU). METHODS: A multicentric cross-sectional study using medical records of patients with uveitis between 2013 and 2021. Uveitis and glaucoma specialists examined all patients. Variables were analyzed using the chi-square or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. Additionally, t test, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis variance analysis were used for continuous variables. Finally, a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis for UG and OHT-SU development over time was done. RESULTS: Of the 660 clinical records reviewed of patients with uveitis, 191 (28.9%) had OHT-SU in at least one visit, and 108 (16.4%) of them developed UG. In all ages, females were more affected than males. Anterior uveitis was the main anatomic localisation, and non-granulomatous, recurrent, and inactive uveitis were the most frequent clinical features. The mean final visual acuity was 0.3 (0.0-1.0) LogMAR. Also, 95.8% of the patients had additional sequelae related to uveitis regardless of UG and OHT-SU. Interestingly, males had earlier affection, with statistical significance in OHT for adults (P = 0.036) and UG for children (P = 0.04). Of all patients, 81.1% received topical hypotensive treatment and 29.8% required a surgical procedure. CONCLUSIONS: UG and OHT-SU are common complications of uveitis in the Colombian population. These sight-threatening conditions were more common and appeared sooner in men at any age. Our results suggest that earlier and more aggressive treatment with topical hypotensive agents could positively influence the visual outcomes and the requirement of surgical procedures.
Subject(s)
Glaucoma , Ocular Hypertension , Uveitis , Adult , Male , Child , Female , Humans , Colombia/epidemiology , Intraocular Pressure , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Glaucoma/epidemiology , Glaucoma/etiology , Glaucoma/therapy , Ocular Hypertension/epidemiology , Ocular Hypertension/etiology , Ocular Hypertension/diagnosis , Uveitis/diagnosis , Uveitis/drug therapy , Uveitis/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Objetivo: Realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre angiografía por tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT-A), sus principales características y potenciales usos como herramienta diagnostica en oftalmología. Diseño del estudio: Revisión de la literatura. Método: Búsqueda de la literatura electrónica en PUBMED, Scopus y Google Scholar. Conclusión: La tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) ha revolucionado el manejo tanto de la patología retiniana como el diagnóstico del glaucoma. La angiografía por OCT (OCT-A), es una técnica de no contacto, no invasiva que utiliza múltiples algoritmos para la detección del flujo sanguíneo permitiendo la visualización en alta resolución de imágenes angiográficas volumétricas de la retina. Esta revisión, resalta las características diferenciales existentes entre los distintos métodos de angiografía disponibles en la actualidad y realiza una revisión de la literatura disponible sobre sus aplicaciones como: retinopatía diabética (RD), degeneración macular relacionada con la edad (DMRE), oclusiones vasculares retinianas (OVR) y glaucoma.
Purpose: To perform a review of the available literature on angiography by optical coherence tomography (OCT-A) its main characteristics and potential uses as a diagnostic tool in ophthalmology. Study Design: Literature Review. Method: A literature search was made in PUBMED, Scopus and Google Scholar. Conclusion: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has transformed the approach to diagnosis and management of retinal pathology and glaucoma. Recently this technology has also been the object of constant improvement, therefore OCT (OCT-A) angiography can now be performed, which is a noninvasive technique that uses multiple algorithms of fl ow detection allowing the visualization of volumetric images of the retina. The differential characteristics existing between the angiographic methods currently available are denoted below. A review of the available literature on the subject and its applications in ophthalmic pathologies of the retina such as: diabetic retinopathy (RD), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinal vascular occlusions (OVR), and glaucoma.
Subject(s)
Tomography, Optical Coherence , Angiography , Eye Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Glaucoma/diagnostic imaging , Retinal Diseases/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the progression of pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) into pigmentary glaucoma (PG) in a population at the Central Military Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted, based on a review of medical records of patients with PDS evaluated in the Glaucoma Clinic. Data were collected in a database in excel and subsequently analyzed with the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), performing Chi-square test analysis and Spearman's rho test. RESULTS: Forty-eight eyes of 24 patients were included. Forty-two percent were women and 58% were men. Pigmentation of the trabecular meshwork was the most frequent clinical sign (100%), followed by Krukenberg's spindle (91.7%), the least frequent were the iris concavity and iris heterochromia (4.2%), the average of the spherical equivalent was of - 1.33 (SD 2.07). The rate of conversion of PDS to PG was 37.5%, after an average follow-up of 50.7 months. Having an intraocular pressure (IOP) greater than 21 mm Hg was statistically the only significant risk factor for conversion. CONCLUSION: We found several differences in frequency and clinical signs in these patients in contrast to previous data, probably due to different racial characteristics. The rate of progression is similar to previous reports despite of heterogeneity of these. Having IOP > 21 mm Hg was the only risk factor associated with progression in this sample. How to cite this article: Gomez Goyeneche HF, Hernandez-Mendieta DP, Rodriguez DA, Sepulveda AI, Toledo JD. Pigment Dispersion Syndrome Progression to Pigmentary Glaucoma in a Latin American Population. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2015;9(3):69-72.
ABSTRACT
Objetivos: determinar el espesor del complejo ganglionar celular (CGC) mediante tomografía de coherencia óptica de dominio de Fourier (FD-OCT) en pacientes con diagnóstico de hipertensión ocular previa clasificación del riesgo de conversión a glaucoma utilizando la regla STAR (Scoring Tool For Assessing Risk). Materiales y Métodos: mediante la revisión de historias clínicas, se seleccionaron pacientes con diagnóstico previo de hipertensión ocular (HTO). A cada paciente se le realizó una valoración oftalmológica completa, medición del espesor del CGC mediante OCT y calculo del STAR. Los datos obtenidos se relacionaron con variables demográficas, presión intraocular, paquimetría central y perimetría computarizada. Resultados: se analizaron 106 ojos de 53 pacientes con HTO. La PIO promedio fue de 23.55 ± 0.69 mmHg. La regla STAR fue aplicada en 96 ojos. El 65.6% (63 ojos) se categorizó en alto riesgo de conversión a glaucoma en los próximos cinco años. Los pacientes de este grupo presentaron un espesor del CGC significativamente menor que el de los otros grupos. El valor promedio del espesor del complejo ganglionar superior e inferior fue de 83 ± 4.5 micras y 82.09 ± 4.98 micras respectivamente. Conclusión: los pacientes clasificados en el grupo de alto riesgo STAR tienen espesores del CGC significativamente menores. La disminución del espesor del CGC se correlacionó positivamente con las anormalidades registradas en la perimetría computarizada.
Objective: to determine the thickness of the ganglion cell complex (GCC) by Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (FDOCT) in patients diagnosed with ocular hypertension who were classified with the STAR rule (Scoring Tool for Assessing Risk) to determine the risk of conversion to glaucoma. Methods: patients with ocular hypertension previously diagnosed were selected from medical records. Each patient underwent a complete ophthalmic evaluation, measurement of the thickness of the CGC by FD-OCT (Nidek RS-3000) and calculation of the STAR. Data recorded was related to demographic variables, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness and computerized perimetry. Results: 106 eyes of 53 patients with ocular hypertension were analyzed. The average intraocular presure was 23.55 ± 0.69 mmHg. The STAR rule was applied in 96 eyes. 65.6% (63 eyes) were categorized into high risk of conversion to glaucoma in the next five years. Patients in this group had a significantly lower thickness of the CGC than the other groups. The average value of the thickness of the upper and lower CGC was 83 ± 4.5 microns and 82.09 ± 4.98 microns respectively. Conclusion: patients classified in the STAR high risk group have a signifi cantly lower thickness of the CGC. The thinning of the CGC was positively correlated with abnormalities recorded in the computerized perimetry.
