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1.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) ; 14: 1087845, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37206444

ABSTRACT

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related multisystem disorder characterized by altered trophoblast invasion, oxidative stress, exacerbation of systemic inflammatory response, and endothelial damage. The pathogenesis includes hypertension and mild-to-severe microangiopathy in the kidney, liver, placenta, and brain. The main mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis have been proposed to limit trophoblast invasion and increase the release of extracellular vesicles from the syncytiotrophoblast into the maternal circulation, exacerbating the systemic inflammatory response. The placenta expresses glycans as part of its development and maternal immune tolerance during gestation. The expression profile of glycans at the maternal-fetal interface may play a fundamental role in physiological pregnancy changes and disorders such as preeclampsia. It is unclear whether glycans and their lectin-like receptors are involved in the mechanisms of maternal-fetal recognition by immune cells during pregnancy homeostasis. The expression profile of glycans appears to be altered in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, which could lead to alterations in the placental microenvironment and vascular endothelium in pregnancy conditions such as preeclampsia. Glycans with immunomodulatory properties at the maternal-fetal interface are altered in early-onset severe preeclampsia, implying that innate immune system components, such as NK cells, exacerbate the systemic inflammatory response observed in preeclampsia. In this article, we discuss the evidence for the role of glycans in gestational physiology and the perspective of glycobiology on the pathophysiology of hypertensive disorders in gestation.


Subject(s)
Placenta , Pre-Eclampsia , Pregnancy , Female , Humans , Placenta/metabolism , Pre-Eclampsia/metabolism , Polysaccharides , Killer Cells, Natural/pathology , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/complications , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/metabolism
2.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 45(2): e288, abr.-jun. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093643

ABSTRACT

El estilo de vida saludable incluye una alimentación saludable, un peso adecuado y en casos de exceso de peso, su pérdida. Estos son nuevos factores asociados a la fertilidad. Se presenta el caso de un voluntario fértil aparentemente sano que se sometió a un régimen de pérdida de peso. Con el propósito de evaluar el efecto de la pérdida de peso sobre la calidad seminal se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de los parámetros seminales convencionales y funcionales según los lineamentos establecidos en el Manual de análisis seminal de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Los parámetros seminales evaluados fueron: volumen seminal, concentración espermática, concentración espermática total, movilidad, viabilidad, potencial de membrana mitocondrial e índice de fragmentación del ADN. La reducción del índice de masa corporal (19 por ciento) incrementó los parámetros espermáticos: volumen seminal (400 por ciento), concentración espermática (96 por ciento), concentración espermática total (220 por ciento), viabilidad (38 por ciento), movilidad (122 por ciento), potencial de membrana mitocondrial (40 por ciento) y además disminuyó el índice de fragmentación del ADN en un 71 por ciento. A partir de estas observaciones se infiere que la obesidad está inversamente relacionada con la calidad seminal. Los resultados obtenidos en este caso nos inducen a recomendar que los hombres con sobrepeso y obesidad deben perder peso con el fin de mejorar su calidad seminal(AU)


Healthy lifestyle includes healthy diet, adequate weight and in cases of excess weight, its loss. These are new factors associated with fertility. We present the case of an apparently healthy fertile volunteer who underwent a weight loss regimen. In order to evaluate the effect of weight loss on seminal quality, a retrospective analysis of the conventional and functional seminal parameters was carried out according to the guidelines established in the Manual of Seminal Analysis of the World Health Organization. Semen parameters evaluated were seminal volume, sperm concentration, total sperm concentration, mobility, viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA fragmentation index. The reduction of the body mass index (19 percent) increased the sperm parameters: seminal volume (400 percent), sperm concentration (96 percent), total sperm concentration (220 percent), viability (38 %), mobility (122 percent), mitochondrial membrane potential (40 percent) and decreased the DNA fragmentation rate by 71 percent. From these observations, it is inferred that obesity is inversely related to seminal quality. The results obtained in this case lead us to recommend overweight and obese men should lose weight in order to improve their seminal quality(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Body Mass Index , Healthy Lifestyle/ethics , Semen Analysis/methods
3.
Medicina (Bogotá) ; 40(1(120)): 113-113, Ene-Mar, 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-910095

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La glicosilación es una modificación postraduccional que tiene un papel protagónico en los procesos de comunicación célula-célula, célula-matrix extracelular, por lo tanto modula la interacción con antígenos y el sistema inmune. La inmunoglobulina G (IgG) tiene un sitio de N-glicosilación en la posición 297. Los sacáridos terminales de este glicano impactan la función efectora de la proteína, dirigiendo la respuesta hacia un efecto proinflamatorio o antiinflamatorio. Maverakis. et al (2015), propusieron que cada enfermedad autoinmune tiene una única marca de glicanos, especialmente en las diferentes clases de inmunoglobulinas (teoría de la alteración de los glicanos en la autoinmunidad).


Subject(s)
Antiphospholipid Syndrome , Autoimmunity , Glycosylation , Immunoglobulin G
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