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1.
J Leukoc Biol ; 2024 Mar 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38466822

ABSTRACT

Despite abundant evidence correlating T cell CD38 expression and HIV infection pathogenesis, its role as a CD4 T cell immunometabolic regulator remains unclear. We find that CD38's extracellular glycohydrolase activity restricts metabolic reprogramming after TCR-engaging stimulation in Jurkat T CD4 cells, together with functional responses, while reducing intracellular NAD and NMN concentrations. Selective elimination of CD38's ectoenzyme function licenses them to decrease the OCR/ECAR ratio upon TCR signaling and to increase cycling, proliferation, survival, and CD40L induction. Pharmacological inhibition of ectoCD38 catalytic activity in memory CD4 T cells from chronic HIV-infected patients rescued TCR-triggered responses, including differentiation and effector functions, while reverting abnormally increased basal glycolysis, cycling, and spontaneous pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Additionally, ecto-CD38 blockage normalized basal and TCR-induced mitochondrial morpho-functionality, while increasing respiratory capacity in cells from HIV+ patients and healthy individuals. Ectoenzyme CD38's immunometabolic restriction of TCR-involving stimulation is relevant to CD4 T cell biology and to the deleterious effects of CD38 overexpression in HIV disease.

2.
Salud pública Méx ; 60(6): 653-657, Nov.-Dec. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020929

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for oral high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected men. Materials and methods: Consecutive male outpatients with HIV-infection were enrolled. Demographic and behavioral risk data were obtained. Anal swabs and oral rinses were tested for HR-HPV DNA. Oral, pharyngeal and video laryngoscopy examinations were performed for detection of lesions. Results: The prevalence of HR-HPV oral infection was 9.3% (subtypes other than HR HPV 16/18 predominated). The prevalence of anal HR-HPV infection was 75.7%. The risk factors for oral infection with HR-HPV were tonsillectomy (OR=13.12) and years from HIV diagnosis (OR=1.17). Conclusions: Tonsillectomy and years from HIV diagnosis were associated with oral HPV infection. No association was found between oral and anal HR-HPV infections. This is the first study reporting the prevalence and risk factors for oral HR-HPV infection in Mexican HIV-infected population.


Resumen: Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo para infección oral por virus de papiloma humano de alto riesgo (VPH-AR) en individuos con VIH. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes ambulatorios consecutivos con VIH. Se recabó información demográfica y sobre factores de riesgo conductuales. Se detectó DNA de VPH-AR en hisopado rectal y enjuague bucal. Se efectuó exploración de boca, faringe y videolaringoscopía para detectar lesiones. Resultados: La prevalencia de VPH-AR oral fue 9.3% (predominaron subtipos diferentes de VPH-AR 16/18). La prevalencia de VPH-AR anal fue 75.7%. Los factores de riesgo para VPH-AR oral fueron la tonsilectomía (OR=13.12) y los años de diagnóstico del VIH (OR=1.17). Conclusiones: La tonsilectomía y los años de diagnóstico del VIH se asociaron con VPH-AR oral. No hubo asociación entre VPH-AR oral y anal. Este es el primer reporte sobre prevalencia y factores de riesgo para VPH-AR oral en población mexicana con VIH.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Pharyngeal Diseases/epidemiology , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Mouth Diseases/epidemiology , Anus Diseases/epidemiology , Papilloma/virology , Sexual Behavior , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Mouth Neoplasms/epidemiology , Smoking/epidemiology , Comorbidity , HIV Infections/blood , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Mexico/epidemiology
3.
Salud Publica Mex ; 60(6): 653-657, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30699270

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for oral high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infec- tion in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive male outpatients with HIV-infection were enrolled. Demographic and behav- ioral risk data were obtained. Anal swabs and oral rinses were tested for HR-HPV DNA. Oral, pharyngeal and video laryngoscopy examinations were performed for detection of lesions. RESULTS: The prevalence of HR-HPV oral infection was 9.3% (subtypes other than HR HPV 16/18 predominated). The prevalence of anal HR-HPV infection was 75.7%. The risk factors for oral infection with HR-HPV were tonsillectomy (OR=13.12) and years from HIV diagnosis (OR=1.17). CONCLUSIONS: Tonsillectomy and years from HIV diagnosis were associated with oral HPV infection. No association was found between oral and anal HR-HPV infections. This is the first study reporting the prevalence and risk factors for oral HR-HPV infection in Mexican HIV-infected population.


OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo para infección oral por virus de papiloma humano de alto ries- go (VPH-AR) en individuos con VIH. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se incluyeron pacientes ambulatorios consecutivos con VIH. Se recabó información demográfica y sobre factores de riesgo conductuales. Se detectó DNA de VPH-AR en hisopado rectal y enjuague bucal. Se efectuó exploración de boca, faringe y videolaringoscopía para detectar lesiones. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de VPH-AR oral fue 9.3% (predominaron subtipos diferentes de VPH-AR 16/18). La prevalencia de VPH-AR anal fue 75.7%. Los factores de riesgo para VPH-AR oral fueron la tonsilectomía (OR=13.12) y los años de diagnóstico del VIH (OR=1.17). CONCLUSIONES: La tonsilectomía y los años de diagnóstico del VIH se asociaron con VPH-AR oral. No hubo asociación entre VPH-AR oral y anal. Este es el primer reporte sobre prevalencia y factores de riesgo para VPH-AR oral en población mexicana con VIH.


Subject(s)
HIV Infections/epidemiology , Mouth Diseases/epidemiology , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Pharyngeal Diseases/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Anus Diseases/epidemiology , Anus Diseases/virology , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , HIV Infections/blood , Humans , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Mouth Diseases/virology , Mouth Neoplasms/epidemiology , Mouth Neoplasms/virology , Papilloma/epidemiology , Papilloma/virology , Pharyngeal Diseases/virology , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Risk-Taking , Sexual Behavior , Smoking/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Tonsillectomy/statistics & numerical data , Viral Load , Young Adult
4.
AIDS ; 25(4): 435-9, 2011 Feb 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21139486

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical course of infection by 2009 (H1N1) influenza virus in different stages of HIV disease. DESIGN: Prospective, observational study. METHODS: During the pandemic period, HIV-infected patients presenting respiratory symptoms at a third level referral hospital in Mexico City were tested for 2009 influenza A (H1N1) viral RNA. Clinical files were prospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Infection by H1N1 was confirmed in 30 (23.8%) of the total 126 HIV-infected patients studied. In the group of patients with 2009 H1N1 virus infection, 16 (53.3%) were hospitalized, 12 (40%) had active opportunistic infections and six (20%) died. In the group of 96 patients not infected with 2009 H1N1 virus, 54 (56.25%) were hospitalized with opportunistic infections and 12 (12.5%) died. For all hospitalized patients, being on HAART and having undetectable HIV viral loads at hospitalization was associated with higher survival (P = 0.019). Patients with 2009 H1N1 virus infection had a higher mortality rate, even after adjusting for HAART (P = 0.043). Coinfection by HIV and H1N1 2009 virus was more severe in patients with opportunistic infections, as shown by longer hospital stays (P = 0.0013), higher rates of hospitalization (P < 0.0001), use of mechanical ventilation (P = 0.0086) and death (P = 0.026). Delayed administration of oseltamivir in hospitalized patients was significantly associated with mortality (P = 0.0022). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that infection by 2009 H1N1 is more severe in HIV-infected patients with late and advanced HIV disease than in well controlled patients under HAART.


Subject(s)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/immunology , HIV Infections/mortality , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/isolation & purification , Influenza, Human/complications , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/mortality , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/virology , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral , Female , HIV Infections/complications , Humans , Influenza, Human/mortality , Influenza, Human/virology , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Nasal Mucosa/virology , Pandemics , Prospective Studies
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