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1.
Radiologia ; 49(3): 145-56, 2007.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17524330

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To review the scientific evidence with respect to the use of digital mammography and compare it with analogical mammography in the clinical context. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We searched Medline and EMbase for studies published between 1989 and 2005 that compared the results of digital and analogical mammography in the same group of patients or in two different groups of patients to evaluate their respective diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, area under the ROC curve), recall rate, biopsy rate, and exposure to radiation. We reviewed and compared the different methodologies of the studies published. RESULTS: Eight articles and eight presentations at congresses were found. No statistically significant differences were observed between digital and analogical mammography for the detection of breast cancer. Until the publication of the Oslo II (2004) and Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial (2005) studies, the series presented were small and used a variety of methodologies. This made it impossible to appreciate small differences in diagnostic accuracy between the two techniques and to group the, sometimes, contradictory results. Furthermore, these first series did not include follow-up. CONCLUSION: There are no statistically significant differences between the two techniques for diagnostic accuracy, except in women with dense or heterogeneously dense breasts, in those under 50 years of age, and in peri- or pre-menopausal women, in which cases digital mammography is significantly better. These data should be confirmed in longer term studies to enable the effects on the breast cancer mortality rate to be specifically evaluated. Cost-effectiveness studies are important when considering changing techniques.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mammography , Radiographic Image Enhancement , Female , Humans
2.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 49(3): 145-156, mayo 2007. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-69664

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Revisar la evidencia científica relativa al uso de la mamografía digital (MD) comparándola con la mamografía analógica (MA) en el contexto clínico.Material y método. Se realizó una búsqueda en Medline y Embase de los estudios publicados entre 1989 y 2005, que comparaban resultados de MD y MA en el mismo grupo o en dos grupos de pacientes, valorando la certeza diagnóstica (sensibilidad, especificidad, área bajo lacurva ROC), tasa de rellamadas, tasa de biopsias y exposición a la radiación.Se revisaron y compararon metodológicamente los trabajos presentados.Resultados. Se encontraron 8 publicaciones y 8 presentaciones a congresos. No se han observado diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la detección de cáncer de mama entre MA y MD. Hasta la publicación de los estudios Oslo II y DMIST (Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial) las series eran cortas, lo que no permitía explotar las pequeñas diferencias de certeza diagnóstica entre ambas técnicas y con gran disparidad metodológica, por lo que no se podían agrupar los resultados, en ocasiones contradictorios. No se incluían seguimientos.Conclusión. No hay diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la certeza diagnóstica entre MA y MD, excepto en mujeres con mamas densas o heterogéneamente densas, menores de 50 años y peri o premenopáusicas, donde la MD tiene mejores resultados en un rango significativo.Estos datos deben ser confirmados en estudios a más largo plazo para valorar específicamente los efectos en la mortalidad por cáncer de mama.Son importantes los estudios de coste-efectividad si se pretende una sustitución de la técnica


Objective. To review the scientific evidence with respect to the use of digital mammography and compare it with analogical mammography in the clinical context.Material and method. We searched Medline and EMbase for studies published between 1989 and 2005 that compared the results of digital and analogical mammography in the same group of patients or in two different groups of patients to evaluate their respective diagnosticaccuracy (sensitivity, specificity, area under the ROC curve), recall rate, biopsy rate, and exposure to radiation. We reviewed and compared the different methodologies of the studies published.Results. Eight articles and eight presentations at congresses were found. No statistically significant differences were observed between digital and analogical mammography for the detection of breast cancer.Until the publication of the Oslo II (2004) and Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial (2005) studies, the series presented were small and used a variety of methodologies. This made it impossible to appreciate small differences in diagnostic accuracy between the two techniques and to grup the, sometimes, contradictory results. Furthermore, these first series did not include follow-up.Conclusion. There are no statistically significant differences between the two techniques for diagnostic accuracy, except in women with dense or heterogeneously dense breasts, in those under 50 years of age, and in peri- or pre-menopausal women, in which cases digitalmammography is significantly better.These data should be confirmed in longer term studies to enable the effects on the breast cancer mortality rate to be specifically evaluated. Cost-effectiveness studies are important when considering changing techniques


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Radiographic Image Enhancement , Breast Neoplasms , Mammography , Evidence-Based Medicine
3.
Rev Esp Med Nucl ; 23(2): 71-7, 2004.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15000936

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: The purpose of this study was to compare helical CT with lung perfusion scintigraphy (LPS) as the initial investigations of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). PATIENTS AND METHOD: A total of 54 patients with clinically suspected acute PE were studied retrospectively. Each patient was assigned a pretest clinical probability of acute PE (very likely, 90%; possible, 50%; unlikely, 10%). Within 72 hours of presentation, patients underwent LPS and contrast material-enhanced helical CT. Perfusion LS was classified following the PISAPED criteria as normal or near normal; abnormal consistent with PE or abnormal not consistent with PE. Helical CT studies were categorized as positive for PE, negative for PE or non-diagnostic. The standard reference was a consensus based on LS, helical CT and clinical outcome. RESULTS: In 38 of the 54 patients, the results of LS a hCT were concordant, 13 with PE and 25 without. There were 4 indeterminate hCT. In 12 patients LS and hCT were discordant. There were 4 LS false negative; 2 with parenchyma damage and 2 chronic PE. There were 5 LS false negative; 3 extrinsic vascular compressions and one low clinical probability. There was 1 hCT false positive because of breathing artifact and 2 false negatives because of subsegmental emboli. CONCLUSION: Accurate diagnosis of acute PE is possible combining perfusion scanning and clinical probability. Helical CT has added information in patients with discordant clinical probability and perfusion lung scan results. Helical CT demonstrated lesions other than PE considered responsible for the patient's symptoms, but it was insensitive to embolism of subsegmental branches.


Subject(s)
Pulmonary Embolism/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Radionuclide Imaging , Retrospective Studies
4.
Rev. esp. med. nucl. (Ed. impr.) ; 23(2): 71-77, mar. 2004.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-29826

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue comparar la tomografía computarizada helicoidal (TCH) y los estudios gammagráficos de perfusión pulmonar (PP) como primer método diagnóstico de tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) en la práctica clínica. Pacientes y método. Se revisaron retrospectivamente 54 pacientes con clínica de TEP agudo. A cada paciente se le asignó una probabilidad clínica pretest de TEP (muy probable, 90 por ciento; posible, 50 por ciento; improbable, 10 por ciento). El estudio de PP y la TCH se habían realizado en un intervalo igual o inferior a 72 horas. Los estudios de PP se clasificaron siguiendo los criterios del estudio PISAPED como normal o casi normal, anormal compatible con TEP y anormal no compatible con TEP. Los estudios de TCH se clasificaron como positivo para TEP, negativo para TEP o indeterminado. La referencia estándar fue el consenso basado en la PP, la TCH y la evolución clínica. Resultados: De los 54 pacientes, en 38 estudios los resultados de la PP y la TCH fueron concordantes, en 13 para el diagnóstico de TEP y 25 para la ausencia de TEP. Cuatro estudios fueron indeterminados para la TCH. En 12 pacientes los estudios de PP y la TCH fueron discordantes. Hubo 4 falsos negativos de la PP; 2 estudios con daño parenquimatoso y 2 TEP crónicos. Cinco falsos positivos de la PP; 3 por compresión vascular extrínseca y con una clínica poco probable. La TCH mostró 1 falso positivo por artefacto respiratorio y 2 falsos negativos en trombos de localización subsegmentaria. Conclusión: En la práctica clínica puede realizarse un diagnóstico preciso de TEP agudo combinando la probabilidad clínica pretest con los estudios gammagráficos de perfusión pulmonar. Los estudios con la TCH añaden información en aquellos pacientes que existe una discordancia entre la probabilidad clínica y los resultados de la perfusión pulmonar. Los estudios con la TCH demuestran lesiones de distinto origen que el TEP que pueden ser las responsables de la sintomatología del paciente, pero resulta poco sensible para el diagnóstico del embolismo en vasos subsegmentarios (AU)


Subject(s)
Aged , Male , Middle Aged , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Adult , Humans , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Retrospective Studies , Pulmonary Embolism
5.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 39(3): 133-5, 2003 Mar.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12622973

ABSTRACT

A 49-year-old man with no known history of pulmonary disease was treated at our hospital after observation of an interstitial pattern on a chest film. The patient was a smoker and professional painter. Computed tomography of the chest showed a diffuse bilateral ground-glass pattern. The lung biopsy showed intra-alveolar lipid accumulation in the form of vacuoles of varying sizes surrounded by numerous focally multinucleated macrophages, establishing a definitive diagnosis of exogenous lipoid pneumonia. Given the patient's profession, he was recommended to avoid workplace exposure to paraffins and oily sprays. The clinical course was favorable after exposure was stopped, with improved lung function and symptoms.


Subject(s)
Occupational Diseases , Occupational Exposure , Paint/adverse effects , Pneumonia, Lipid , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Lung/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Occupational Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Occupational Diseases/pathology , Paraffin/adverse effects , Pneumonia, Lipid/diagnostic imaging , Pneumonia, Lipid/etiology , Pneumonia, Lipid/pathology , Radiography, Thoracic , Time Factors , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
6.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 39(3): 133-135, mar. 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-17895

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso de un varón de 49 años, fumador activo, pintor de profesión y sin enfermedad pulmonar conocida, que fue estudiado en nuestra consulta ante el hallazgo de un patrón intersticial en una radiografía de tórax. En la tomografía computarizada torácica que se le realizó, se evidenció un patrón bilateral difuso en vidrio deslustrado. La biopsia pulmonar fue la prueba que permitió establecer el diagnóstico definitivo. En ella se apreciaron cúmulos de lípidos intraalveolares, en forma de glóbulos de tamaño variable, rodeados de numerosos macrófagos, focalmente multinucleados, hallazgos compatibles con una neumonía lipoidea exógena. Dada la profesión del paciente, se le recomendó evitar la exposición laboral a parafinas y a pulverizaciones oleosas. Tras la retirada de dicha exposición, se observó una evolución favorable, con mejoría clínica y funcional del paciente (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Male , Humans , Pneumonia, Lipid , Occupational Exposure , Occupational Diseases , Radiography, Thoracic , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Time Factors , Paint , Paraffin , Lung , Follow-Up Studies
7.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 38(6): 288-90, 2002 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12113746

ABSTRACT

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas are rare malformations often associated with Rendu-Osler-Weber (ROW) disease. Morbidity and mortality are significant and arise from hemorrhagic and neurological complications.We report the cases of two patients, mother and son, with earlier diagnoses of ROW disease, who suffered, respectively, a stroke and a brain abscess with massive pulmonary thromboembolism. Helicoid computed axial tomographic scans demonstrated pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas in both. Given these findings, we performed embolotherapy.


Subject(s)
Arteriovenous Fistula/diagnosis , Arteriovenous Fistula/therapy , Pulmonary Artery/abnormalities , Pulmonary Veins/abnormalities , Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic/complications , Adult , Angiography , Arteriovenous Fistula/diagnostic imaging , Brain Abscess/etiology , Embolization, Therapeutic , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Embolism/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Embolism/therapy , Radiography, Thoracic , Stroke/etiology , Time Factors , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
10.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 38(6): 288-290, jun. 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-12742

ABSTRACT

Las fístulas arteriovenosas pulmonares son malformaciones vasculares raras. Con frecuencia se asocian con la enfermedad de Rendu-Osler-Weber (ROW). Presentan una morbilidad y una mortalidad significativas, que se derivan de las complicaciones hemorrágicas y neurológicas que pueden provocar. En este artículo se describe a 2 pacientes, madre e hijo, diagnosticados previamente de enfermedad de ROW, que presentaron un infarto isquémico cerebral y un absceso cerebral con una tromboembolia pulmonar masiva, respectivamente. En ambos casos se realizó una tomografía computarizada helicoidal que demostró la existencia de fístulas arteriovenosas pulmonares. Ante estos hallazgos se practicó un procedimiento de embolización (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Adult , Male , Female , Humans , Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic , Time Factors , Radiography, Thoracic , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Pulmonary Artery , Pulmonary Veins , Pulmonary Embolism , Stroke , Angiography , Arteriovenous Fistula , Embolization, Therapeutic , Follow-Up Studies , Brain Abscess
11.
Rev Clin Esp ; 201(6): 303-7, 2001 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11490904

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to analyse the epidemiologic, clinical, radiological and functional characteristics as well as the evolutive pattern of a group of patients diagnosed of round atelectasis (RA). Patients with a radiological diagnosis of RA were retrospectively identified from January 1993 to January 1998. Cases with diagnosis not confirmed by high resolution computerized axial tomography (HRCAT) were excluded. A total of 29 patients were identified, with a mean age of 65 +/- 13 years (27 men and 2 women). At diagnosis 14 patients (34%) were smokers and 14 (49%) ex-smokers. Regarding occupation, 11 individuals (38%) had history of occupational exposure to asbestos. Regarding symptomatology, round atelectasis was a radiological finding in 15 patients (52%) and the most common symptom was chest pain (34%). The most common findings detected in the chest X-ray included pleural thickening (45%), pleural effusion (38%), nodular lesion (34%) and loss of volume (24%). The most common changes detected by HRCAT were pleural thickening (45%) and bronchovascular arch (55%). In two cases magnetic resonance (MR) was performed and in no case did this examination provided additional information for the diagnosis of RA. Functional respiratory examination did not identify and predominant pattern. During the follow-up period (2.2 years) 24 patients (83%) remained radiologically stabilized, one improved and the other four worsened (two due to enlargement and two due to increase in number). Chest X-ray is a good method for the presumptive diagnosis of RA. HRCAT is an excellent technique to confirm the diagnosis and rule out the presence of malignancy. MR provides no additional information in the study of RA. There is a frequent association between RA and asbestos exposure.


Subject(s)
Pulmonary Atelectasis , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Pulmonary Atelectasis/diagnosis , Pulmonary Atelectasis/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies
12.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 201(6): 303-307, jun. 2001.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-6958

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar las características epidemiológicas, clínicas, radiológicas y funcionales y el patrón evolutivo de un grupo de pacientes diagnosticados de atelectasia redonda (AR).Se identificaron retrospectivamente los pacientes que presentaron un diagnóstico radiológico de AR entre enero de 1993 y enero de 1998. Se excluyeron los casos en los que el diagnóstico no se había confirmado mediante tomografía axial computarizada de alta resolución (TACAR).Se hallaron un total de 29 pacientes con una edad media de 65 ñ 13 años (27 varones y 2 mujeres).En el momento del diagnóstico fumaban 10 (34 por ciento) y 14 (49 por ciento) eran ex fumadores. En relación a su profesión, 11 sujetos (38 por ciento) tenían historia de exposición laboral a asbesto. En cuanto a la sintomatología, en 15 pacientes (52 por ciento) la atelectasia redonda fue un hallazgo radiológico y el síntoma más frecuente fue el dolor torácico (34 por ciento).Los hallazgos más frecuentes encontrados en la radiografía de tórax fueron: engrosamiento pleural (45 por ciento), derrame pleural (38 por ciento), lesión nodular (34 por ciento) y pérdida de volumen (24 por ciento). Las alteraciones más frecuentes detectadas en la TACAR fueron el engrosamiento pleural (45 por ciento) y el arco broncovascular (55 por ciento). En 2 casos se realizó resonancia magnética (RM) y en ninguno de ellos esta prueba aportó información adicional para el diagnóstico de AR. La exploración funcional respiratoria no logró identificar ningún patrón predominante. Durante el período de seguimiento (2,2 años) 24 pacientes (83 por ciento) permanecieron estables desde el punto de vista radiológico, 1 experimentó mejoría y los 4 restantes empeoraron (2 por aumento de tamaño y 2 por aumento de número).La radiografía de tórax es un buen método de presunción diagnóstica de AR. La TACAR es una técnica excelente para confirmar el diagnóstico y descartar la presencia de malignidad. La RM no añade información adicional en el estudio de la AR. Existe una frecuente asociación entre AR y exposición a asbesto (AU)


No disponible


Subject(s)
Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Pulmonary Atelectasis , Retrospective Studies
13.
J Comput Assist Tomogr ; 24(3): 448-50, 2000.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10864084

ABSTRACT

Acute aspiration of petroleum by fire eaters can cause a distinct type of chemical pneumonitis known as fire eater's pneumonia that manifests on radiologic studies with unilateral or bilateral lung consolidations, well defined nodules, and pneumatoceles. We report three cases of fire eater's pneumonia that manifested with well-defined cavitary nodules (pneumatoceles) on radiographs and CT. One patient developed a bronchopleural fistula and spontaneous pyopneumothorax. CT is valuable for identifying and localizing complications to guide therapy.


Subject(s)
Kerosene/poisoning , Occupational Diseases/chemically induced , Occupational Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Pneumonia, Aspiration/chemically induced , Pneumonia, Aspiration/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adult , Bronchial Fistula/etiology , Fires , Humans , Male , Occupational Diseases/complications , Pleural Diseases/etiology , Pneumonia, Aspiration/complications , Pneumothorax/etiology , Respiratory Tract Fistula/etiology
14.
An Med Interna ; 14(5): 250-2, 1997 May.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9235102

ABSTRACT

In the past decade, few studies have reported the occurrence of lung cancer in HIV-infected patients. The true frequency of this association is known. The major features of these patients include: male gender, young age, a history of intravenous drug abuse, preponderance of adenocarcinoma cell type and advanced clinical stage at diagnosis. We describe a case of a lung cancer in a man with evidence of advanced HIV-infection and a history of intravenous drug abuse. Subsequently, we review the data reported in the literature about this association. Our patient provides further evidence that lung cancer should be included in the differential diagnosis of intrathoracic diseases in HIV-infected patients.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/complications , HIV Infections/complications , Lung Neoplasms/complications , Adult , Humans , Male , Substance Abuse, Intravenous
15.
An Med Interna ; 7(12): 639-40, 1990 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2135579

ABSTRACT

Pulmonar tuberculosis still being one of the diseases more frequent in our area, this producing different clinical and radiological presentation. A case with posterior uveitis and bilateral lungs nodules which required a thoracotomy to perform a diagnosis, is presented.


Subject(s)
Lung Diseases/etiology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Uveitis, Posterior/etiology , Adult , Female , Humans , Lung Diseases/pathology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/complications
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