ABSTRACT
Pharmacological and challenge study data showed an involvement of the serotonergic system in the development of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We studied transmission disequilibrium of polymorphisms in three candidate genes of the serotonergic pathway in 64 trios comprising patients with early onset OCD and both of their parents. Polymorphisms of the following genes were studied: tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (rs1800532), serotonin transporter (polymorphism in the promoter region; 5-HTTLPR) and the serotonin 1 B receptor (rs6296). This is, to our knowledge, one of the first family based association studies pertaining to children and adolescents with OCD. We did not detect transmission disequilibrium of the investigated polymorphisms in OCD. Hence, these polymorphisms do not play a major role in the genetic predisposition to early onset OCD.
Subject(s)
Linkage Disequilibrium/genetics , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics , Serotonin/genetics , Signal Transduction/genetics , Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Receptors, Serotonin/geneticsABSTRACT
The effect of 0.2 mg/kg body weight intranasal midazolam as a premedicant was investigated in 38 children (age 2-13 years, body weight 10-28 kg) prior to ENT surgery. Intranasal midazolam showed a rapid onset of action with 79% and 95% of the children being sufficiently premedicated at 5 minutes (p less than 0.05) and 10 minutes (p less than 0.01) after application, respectively, as opposed to 45% prior to this. This finding is in keeping with pharmacokinetics showing a tmax of intranasal midazolam of 11 minutes and a bioavailability of 51% in children (10). With the advent of a higher concentrated solution of midazolam intranasal application is also conceivable as a premedication in adults.
Subject(s)
Midazolam/administration & dosage , Preanesthetic Medication , Administration, Intranasal , Ambulatory Surgical Procedures , Anesthesia, General , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases/surgeryABSTRACT
Report on 143 left resections of the pancreas for chronic pancreatitis. Good late results (81% of all patients improved or symptom-free) can be obtained by this method only in corpus-cauda-pancreatitis. Because of better results the 80-95%-resection should be preferred to the 40-80%-resection. In diffuse pancreatitis, however, a poor result is obtained in 55% of all operations. The same can be observed in cases where the main inflammatory lesion is located in the head of the pancreas and where in addition to the left resection an end-to-end pancreatico-jejunostomy is performed. In this case the Whipple's procedure should be preferred which can be combined with an intraoperative occlusion of the duct system in the pancreatic tail in order to prevent recidivation of pancreatitis. Contrary to the partial duodenopancreatectomy the left resection of the pancreas postoperatively leads to an increase of diabetes mellitus (41%).
