ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the temperature changes of the pulpal area during different adhesive clean-up procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 80 freshly extracted adult maxillary premolar teeth were divided into four groups. Adhesive clean-up was performed with 6- and 12-fluted tungsten carbide burs (TCB) using low- and high-speed handpieces with air or water cooling after bracket debonding. The temperature changes and cool down times were evaluated with a thermal camera. Paired t test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Student-Newman-Keuls multiple comparison analysis were used for statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: All experimental groups, except the water cooling group, showed a significant temperature rise (p < 0.001) after residual adhesive removal. Only the 6-fluted TCB group with air cooling using a high-speed handpiece exceeded the critical 5.5 °C threshold value (5.91 ± 0.89 °C); this group also exhibited the longest cool down time to initial temperature (71.95 ± 13.68 s). The smallest temperature rise (0.48 ± 0.90 °C) and shortest cooling time value (11.90 ± 5.3 s) were measured in the 6-fluted TCB group with water cooling using a high-speed handpiece. CONCLUSION: Appropriate cooling procedures and fine tungsten carbide burs should be used during the removal of remnant adhesives after bracket debonding in order to prevent adverse pulpal reactions.
Subject(s)
Dental Debonding/methods , Dental Pulp/diagnostic imaging , Thermography , Adult , Bicuspid/diagnostic imaging , Dental Debonding/instrumentation , Dental High-Speed Equipment , HumansSubject(s)
Bone Screws , Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures/instrumentation , Orthodontic Appliance Design , Tooth Movement Techniques/instrumentation , Adolescent , Anodontia/therapy , Bicuspid/pathology , Dental Alloys/chemistry , Female , Humans , Incisor/abnormalities , Malocclusion, Angle Class I/therapy , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/therapy , Miniaturization , Molar/pathology , Stainless Steel/chemistryABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the detachment force, amount of deformation, fracture mode, and pull-out force of 3 different wires used for bonded lingual retainer fabrication. METHODS: We tested 0.0215-inch five-stranded wire (PentaOne, Masel; group I), 0.016 × 0.022-inch dead-soft eight-braided wire (Bond-A-Braid, Reliance; group II), and 0.0195-inch dead-soft coaxial wire (Respond, Ormco; group III). To test detachment force, deformation, and fracture mode, we embedded 94 lower incisor teeth in acrylic blocks in pairs. Retainer wires were bonded to the teeth and vertically directed force was applied to the wire. To test pull-out force, wires were embedded in composite that was placed in a hole at the center of an acrylic block. Tensile force was applied along the long axis of the wire. RESULTS: Detachment force and mode of fracture were not different between groups. Deformation was significantly higher in groups II and III than in group I (p < 0.001). Mean pull-out force was significantly higher for group I compared to groups II and III (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Detachment force and fracture mode were similar for all wires, but greater deformations were seen in dead-soft wires. Wire pull-out force was significantly higher for five-stranded coaxial wire than for the other wires tested. Five-stranded coaxial wires are suggested for use in bonded lingual retainers.
