ABSTRACT
A novel implant coating material containing graphene oxide (GO) and collagen (COL), and hydroxyapatite (HA) was fabricated with the aid of tannic acid by electrodeposition. The surface of Ti16Nb alloy was subjected to anodic oxidation, and then HA-GO coating was applied to Ti16Nb surface by cathodic method. Then, COL was deposited on the surface of the HA-GO coating by the biomimetic method. HA, HA-GO, HA-GO-COL coatings on the surface of the Ti16Nb alloy have increased the corrosion resistance by the formation of a barrier layer on the surface. For HA-GO-COL coating, the highest corrosion resistance is obtained due to the compactness and homogeneity of the coating structure. The contact angle of the bare Ti16Nb is approximately 65°, while the contact angle of the coated samples is close to 0°. Herein, the increased surface wettability is important for cell adhesion. The surface roughness of the uncoated Ti16Nb alloy was between 1 and 3⯵m, while the surface roughness of the coated surfaces was measured between 20 and 110⯵m. The contact between the bone and the implant has been improved. Graphene oxide-containing coatings have improved the antibacterial properties compared to the GO-free coating using S. aureus. The hardness and elastic modulus of the coatings were measured by the nanoindentation test, and the addition of GO and collagen to the HA coating resulted in an increase in strength. The addition of GO to the HA coating reduced the viability of 3â¯T3 fibroblast cells, whereas the addition of collagen to HA-GO coat increased the cell adhesion and viability.
Subject(s)
Alloys/pharmacology , Coated Materials, Biocompatible/pharmacology , Collagen/pharmacology , Durapatite/pharmacology , Electroplating/methods , Graphite/pharmacology , Tin Compounds/chemistry , 3T3 Cells , Animals , Corrosion , Fibroblasts/cytology , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Fibroblasts/ultrastructure , Mice , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Nanotubes/chemistry , Nanotubes/ultrastructure , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Surface Properties , Tin Compounds/pharmacology , X-Ray DiffractionABSTRACT
The research investigated the effect of Zr, Nb and Ti additions on mechanical, electrochemical properties and biocompatibility of injection molded 316L stainless steel. Addition of elemental powder is promoted to get high performance of sintered 316L stainless steels. The amount of additive powder plays a role in determining the sintered microstructure and all properties. In this study, 316L stainless steel powders used with the elemental Zr, Nb and Ti powders. A feedstock containing 62.5 wt% powders loading was molded at different injection molded temperature. The binders were completely removed from molded components by solvent and thermal debinding at different temperatures. The debinded samples were sintered at 1350°C for 60 min. Mechanical, electrochemical property and biocompatibility of the sintered samples were performed mechanical, electrochemical, SBF immersion tests and cell culture experiments. Results of study showed that sintered 316L and 316L with additives samples exhibited high corrosion properties and biocompatibility in a physiological environment.
Subject(s)
Biocompatible Materials/chemistry , Materials Testing , Mechanical Phenomena , Stainless Steel/chemistry , Transition Elements/chemistry , 3T3 Cells , Animals , Biocompatible Materials/pharmacology , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cell Survival/drug effects , Corrosion , Electrochemistry , Injections , Mice , Niobium/chemistry , Surface Properties , Titanium/chemistry , Zirconium/chemistryABSTRACT
Titanium and Titanium alloys exhibits properties that are excellent for various bio-applications. Metal injection molding is a processing route that offers reduction in costs, with the added advantage of near net-shape components. Different physical properties of Titanium alloy powders, shaped and processed via injection molding can achieve high complexity of part geometry with mechanical and bioactivity properties, similar or superior to wrought material. This study describes that the effect of particle morphology on the microstructural, mechanical and biocompatibility properties of injection molded Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) alloy powder for biomaterials applications. Ti64 powders irregular and spherical in shape were injection molded with wax based binder. Binder debinding was performed in solvent and thermal method. After debinding the samples were sintered under high vacuum. Metallographic studies were determined to densification and the corresponding microstructural changes. Sintered samples were immersed in a simulated body fluid (SBF) with elemental concentrations that were comparable to those of human blood plasma for a total period of 15 days. Both materials were implanted in fibroblast culture for biocompatibility evaluations were carried out. The results show that spherical and irregular powder could be sintered to a maximum theoretical density. Maximum tensile strength was obtained for spherical shape powder sintered. The tensile strength of the irregular shape powder sintered at the same temperature was lower due to higher porosity. Finally, mechanical tests show that the irregular shape powder has lower mechanical properties than spherical shape powder. The sintered irregular Ti64 powder exhibited better biocompatibility than sintered spherical Ti64 powder. Results of study showed that sintered spherical and irregular Ti64 powders exhibited high mechanical properties and good biocompatibility properties.
Subject(s)
Biocompatible Materials/chemical synthesis , Biocompatible Materials/pharmacology , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Fibroblasts/physiology , Titanium/chemistry , Titanium/pharmacology , Alloys/chemical synthesis , Alloys/pharmacology , Apoptosis/drug effects , Apoptosis/physiology , Cell Survival/drug effects , Cell Survival/physiology , Cells, Cultured , Elastic Modulus , Fibroblasts/cytology , Hardness , Hot Temperature , Humans , Materials Testing , Particle Size , Powders , Pressure , Tensile StrengthABSTRACT
The research was investigated the effect of boron additions on sintering characteristics, mechanical, corrosion properties and biocompatibility of injection molded austenitic grade 316L stainless steel. Addition of boron is promoted to get high density of sintered 316L stainless steels. The amount of boron plays a role in determining the sintered microstructure and all properties. In this study, 316L stainless steel powders have been used with the elemental NiB powders. A feedstock containing 62.5 wt% powders loading was molded at different injection molded temperature. The binders were completely removed from molded components by solvent and thermal debinding at different temperature. The debinded samples were sintered at different temperature for 60 min. Mechanical property, microstructural characterization and electrochemical property of the sintered samples were performed using tensile testing, hardness, optical, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical corrosion experiments. Sintered samples were immersed in a simulated body fluid (SBF) with elemental concentrations that were comparable to those of human blood plasma for a total period of 15 days. Both materials were implanted in fibroblast culture for biocompatibility evaluations were carried out. Results of study showed that sintered 316L and 316L with NiB addition samples exhibited high mechanical and corrosion properties in a physiological environment. Especially, 316L with NiB addition can be used in some bioapplications.
