ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study whether fetal main pulmonary artery (MPA) Doppler indices can predict the development of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). STUDY DESIGN: This prospective cross-sectional study included pregnant women between 34 and 38+6 weeks gestation. The diagnostic accuracy of MPA Doppler measurements (systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio, peak systolic velocity (PSV), pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI) and acceleration time/ejection time (At/Et)) for diagnosis of neonatal RDS was tested. RESULT: Of the 698 eligible fetuses, 55 (7.87%) developed neonatal RDS. PSV, PI, RI and At/Et were positively correlated with gestational age. The strongest correlation was found with At/Et (r=0.602, P<0.001). PI and RI were significantly higher, whereas At/Et and PSV were significantly lower in fetuses that developed RDS. A cutoff value of 0.305 for At/Et predicted the development of RDS (sensitivity: 76.4%; specificity: 91.6%). CONCLUSION: Development of neonatal RDS can be predicted using the MPA At/Et with high sensitivity and specificity.
Subject(s)
Fetal Growth Retardation/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Artery/diagnostic imaging , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography, Doppler , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Adult , Blood Flow Velocity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Egypt , Female , Gestational Age , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Logistic Models , Male , Multivariate Analysis , Pregnancy , Prospective Studies , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and Specificity , Young AdultABSTRACT
A total of 1,243 records for 585 dairy Friesian cows from 1997-2004 were used to study the factors affecting dystocia and its effects on reproductive performance and milk production. The overall incidence of dystocia was 6.9%. The percentage of dystocia decreased with increasing live body weight, age, and parity of cows (P < 0.05); however, it increased with increasing birth weight of calves (P < 0.05). The highest percentage of dystocia was detected in winter season, but the least percentage was in summer season (P < 0.05). The percentage of incidence of dystocia was significantly (P < 0.05) higher with winter feeding compared to summer ration (8.2% vs. 5.1%). The percentage of incidence of dystocia was significantly (P < 0.05) higher with twinning than single calving (15.5% vs. 6.5%), while not significantly affected by the sex of born calves. Incidence of dystocia had adverse effects on reproductive performance and milk yield. The service interval, service period, days open, and calving interval were significantly (P < 0.05) longer in cows afflicted with dystocia compared to normal cows. The conception rate was lower (P < 0.05), but the number of service per conception was higher (P < 0.05) in cows afflicted with dystocia compared to normal cows (60.5% vs. 73.0% and 3.4 vs. 2.7, respectively). Average daily milk yield was lower (P < 0.05) by 1 kg for cows with incidence of dystocia compared to normal cows.
