ABSTRACT
The purpose of this work is to generalize and critically evaluate current literature data on the state of problem of the relationship between acute and chronic diseases of upper and lower respiratory tract. Modern ideas about the mechanisms of relationship of pathological processes of ENT organs with bronchopulmonary pathology are considered. A number of organizational issues are discussed in order to optimize the medical diagnostic process in the pathology of respiratory system.
Subject(s)
Respiratory System , Respiratory Tract Infections , Chronic Disease , HumansABSTRACT
We have undertaken the analysis of medical records of the patients presenting with major otogenic intracranial complications (OICC) including purulent meningitis, brain or cerebellum abscess, and thrombosis of sigmoid sinus. The presence of isolated and combined variants of otogenic intracranial complications was documented in 112 (43%) and 148 (56.9%) patients, respectively. The development of OICC in 80% of the patients was associated with exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media; in the remaining 20% of the patients OICC were the consequences of acute suppurative otitis media. Thrombosis of sigmoid sinus as an independent otogenic intracranial complication was documented in 17.5% of the patients while 42.5% of the cases required the treatment by an interdisciplinary team of specialists with the participation of an otorhinolaryngologist, neurologist, intensive care and other professionals. Such approach partly accounts for the relatively low (10.6%) mortality rate among our patients with OICC.
Subject(s)
Brain Diseases , Ear Diseases/complications , Adult , Brain Diseases/diagnosis , Brain Diseases/epidemiology , Brain Diseases/etiology , Brain Diseases/therapy , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , Disease Management , Female , Humans , Male , Patient Care Management/methods , Patient Selection , Retrospective Studies , Russia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The objective of the present study was to formulate the indications for the specific immunotherapy (SIT) of ENT diseases based on the results of the examination and treatment of 1058 patients presenting with allergic rhinitis with special reference to the advantages of this approach over pharmacotherapy. Much attention is given to the adverse reactions associated with the application of immunotherapy and the methods for their correction. Personal opinions of the authors with regard to selected aspects of the use of specific immunotherapy in the otorhionolaryngological practice are presented.
Subject(s)
Immunotherapy , Nasal Mucosa , Rhinitis, Allergic , Adolescent , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Immunologic Tests/methods , Immunotherapy/adverse effects , Immunotherapy/methods , Male , Middle Aged , Nasal Mucosa/immunology , Nasal Mucosa/pathology , Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care , Retrospective Studies , Rhinitis, Allergic/diagnosis , Rhinitis, Allergic/epidemiology , Rhinitis, Allergic/therapy , Russia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The objective of the present work was to analyze the current concept of the genetically predetermined condition Zivert-Kartagener's syndrome with special reference to the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the development of this condition, its clinical picture and methods of treatment. The authors' original observations of the patients presenting with Zivert-Kartagener's syndrome are reported.
Subject(s)
Dextrocardia/diagnostic imaging , Infertility , Kartagener Syndrome , Mucociliary Clearance/genetics , Rhinitis , Sinusitis , Chronic Disease , Disease Management , Dyneins/genetics , Female , Humans , Infertility/diagnosis , Infertility/etiology , Kartagener Syndrome/diagnosis , Kartagener Syndrome/physiopathology , Kartagener Syndrome/therapy , Mutation , Prognosis , Rhinitis/diagnosis , Rhinitis/etiology , Rhinitis/physiopathology , Rhinitis/therapy , Sinusitis/diagnosis , Sinusitis/etiology , Sinusitis/physiopathology , Sinusitis/therapy , Suppuration/physiopathology , Young AdultABSTRACT
The authors present the currently available data on mucoviscidosis (cystic fibrosis) based on their original experience and the review of the relevant literature. Special attention is given to the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the development of this condition, its diagnostics, and methods of treatment as exemplified by the clinical case of cystic fibrosis in an adult patient.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cystic Fibrosis , Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Respiratory System Agents/therapeutic use , Respiratory Tract Infections , Adult , Bronchoscopy/methods , Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis , Cystic Fibrosis/etiology , Cystic Fibrosis/physiopathology , Cystic Fibrosis/therapy , Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator/genetics , Disease Management , Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency/diagnosis , Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency/physiopathology , Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency/therapy , Humans , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods , Mutation , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification , Respiratory Tract Infections/diagnosis , Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy , Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
This paper presents the currently available data on congenital lateral cysts and fistulas of the neck based on the authors' original experience and the review of the relevant literature. The modern methods for diagnostics and the surgical treatment of these conditions are described and the causes underling the development of their relapses are analyzed. Recommendations for the prevention of congenital cysts and fistulas on the neck are proposed.
Subject(s)
Cutaneous Fistula , Cysts , Neck Dissection/methods , Neck , Adolescent , Adult , Child, Preschool , Contrast Media/pharmacology , Cutaneous Fistula/diagnosis , Cutaneous Fistula/etiology , Cutaneous Fistula/physiopathology , Cutaneous Fistula/surgery , Cysts/complications , Cysts/congenital , Cysts/diagnosis , Cysts/surgery , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Male , Neck/abnormalities , Neck/diagnostic imaging , Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care , Radiographic Image Enhancement/methods , Russia , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methodsABSTRACT
This paper was designed to report a rare observation of intralaryngeal aberrant goiter associated with goiter of the main thyroid tissue and chronic suppurative otitis media complicated by the polyp that causes occlusion of the auditory passage. The histomorphological investigation of the material harvested intraoperatively following rehabilitation of the purulent focus in the middle ear and the removal of the tumour from the inside of the right vestibular fold confirmed the diagnosis of colloid goiter.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Choristoma , Goiter , Laryngeal Diseases , Otitis Media with Effusion , Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Thyroid Gland , Adult , Choristoma/diagnostic imaging , Choristoma/physiopathology , Choristoma/surgery , Female , Goiter/diagnostic imaging , Goiter/physiopathology , Goiter/surgery , Humans , Laryngeal Diseases/diagnosis , Laryngeal Diseases/etiology , Laryngeal Diseases/physiopathology , Laryngeal Diseases/surgery , Otitis Media with Effusion/diagnosis , Otitis Media with Effusion/etiology , Otitis Media with Effusion/physiopathology , Otitis Media with Effusion/surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The data on the incidence, localization, and histological structure of paranasal sinus osteoma (PSO) are reported along with the authors' experience in the diagnostics and surgical treatment of 42 patients presenting with this condition. The classification of the remote tumours based on their histopathological characteristics is considered. It is shown that 34 (80.9%) patients have osteomas of the compact type, 4 (9.5%) present with the tumours of the spongy type, and another 4 (9.5%) with the mixed type osteomas. It is maintained that the application of boron should be considered to facilitate the surgical removal of paranasal sinus osteomas.
Subject(s)
Osteoma , Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms , Paranasal Sinuses , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Osteoma/pathology , Osteoma/physiopathology , Osteoma/surgery , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/metabolism , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/pathology , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/physiopathology , Paranasal Sinuses/diagnostic imaging , Paranasal Sinuses/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Russia , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methodsABSTRACT
The authors analyze the literature publications and the results of their original investigations concerning the application of the propolis-based pharmacological products for the treatment of acute and chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract and ears. The desirability of the more extensive application of the propolis-containing medicines in the routine otorhinolaryngological practice is emphasized bearing in mind their numerous biological effects including antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating, anti-oxidative, anesthetic, and cytostatic actions.
