[The biological activity of saparal in an influenzal infection]. / Biologicheskaia aktivnost' saparala pri grippoznoi infektsii.

The antiviral and interferon-inducing activity of saparal, an adaptogen of plant origin, was studied. Tests in experimental mice demonstrated the interferon-inducing activity of saparal providing its antiviral effect. An optimal scheme of saparal administration was developed. The preparation had no direct inhibitory effect on influenza virus replication. The application of saparal for prophylaxis among workers resulted in a 2-fold or greater decrease of influenza and other ARD morbidity and in an increase of endogenous serum interferon level in 67-75% of the persons examined.

[The new chemical preparation arbidol: its prophylactic efficacy during influenza epidemics]. / Novyi khimiopreparat arbidol: profilakticheskaia éffektivnost' vo vremia épidemii grippa.

In four controlled observations on the organized groups of students and industrial workers during the epidemics of influenza A in 1988-1989 Arbidol, a new chemopreparation, was found to be well tolerated and to produce a pronounced prophylactic effect when administered in a dose of 0.2 g (2 tablets of 0.1 g) daily for 10-18 days. After the 18-day prophylactic course of Arbidol the induction of serum interferon was found.

[The comprehensive differentiated protection against influenza and acute respiratory diseases of medical workers in industrial enterprises]. / Kompleksnaia differentsirovannaia zashchita ot grippa i ostrykh respiratornykh zabolevanii meditsinskikh rabotnikov promyshlennykh predpriiatii.

Acute diseases of the respiratory organs rank first among temporary invalidity causes (30.5%). For the first time workers of a health center of an industrial enterprise were protected from influenza and ARVI during an epidemic outbreak of influenza A by specific and nonspecific protection means with due consideration for the subject's health status and will. Comprehensive differentiated protection from influenza and ARVI proved highly effective, its index reaching 2.5 and the invalidity periods being shorter by 2.4-4 days.

[The clinico-epidemiological characteristics of the course of a mixed epidemic of influenza and respiratory syncytial infection in Novoshakhtinsk in the summer of 1986]. / Kliniko-épidemiologicheskie osobennosti techeniia smeshannoi épidemii grippa i respiratorno-sintsitial'noi infektsii v Novoshakhtinske letom l986 g.

In the summer of 1986 the epidemic, whose etiological agents were influenza viruses A (H1N1) and respiratory syncytial virus, was registered among the population of Novoshakhtinsk. In a number of mines 15.3-16.7% of the employees were affected. Influenza viruses A (H1N1) proved to be closely related in their antigenic and biological properties to viruses isolated in the USSR in March-June 1986, as well as to viruses A (H1N1), the etiological agents of the epidemic which developed in the USSR in October-December 1986.

[Characteristics of the influenza type A (H3N2) epidemic in Omsk in January 1985]. / Kharakteristika épidemii grippa tipa A (H3N2) v Omske v ianvare 1985 g.

The work presents the data obtained in analysis of the epidemic situation among the population of Omsk in January-February 1985 and the characterization of the isolated strains of influenza A (H3N2) virus, determines the specific features of the course of the influenza epidemic process among different social and age groups, evaluates anti-influenza measures.

[Dynamics of population immunity to influenza A and B viruses resulting from the introduction of a comprehensive influenza control system in a city]. / Dinamika populiatsionnogo immuniteta naseleniia k virusam grippa A i B v rezul'tate vnedreniia v gorode kompleksnoi sistemy bor'by s grippom.

The time course of population immunity to influenza viruses A and B in different social and age groups among the inhabitants of Severodvinsk before and after the introduction of the complex system of influenza control has been studied. The influence of mass vaccinal prophylaxis and natural influenza morbidity on population immunity among the inhabitants of the city is shown.

[Effect of a complex system for controlling influenza on a city scale on population mortality]. / Vliianie kompleksnoi sistemy bor'by s grippom v masshtabe goroda na smertnost' naseleniia.

A decrease in mortality among the population, and primarily in mortality caused by the diseases of the respiratory tract, has been achieved in one of the northern cities of the USSR owing to a complex of prophylactic and antiepidemic measures, including the use of live inactivated vaccines, remantadin and other anti-influenza remedies, carried out on a city scale. This fact indicates that such measures have proved to be necessary and effective.

[Results of introducing a comprehensive system of influenza control in the population of Severodvinsk]. / Rezul'taty vnedreniia kompleksnoi sistemy bor'by s grippom sredi naseleniia Severodvinska.

A complex differentiated system of influenza control, based on scientific principles, was introduced into practice during 1976-1980 in Severodvinsk. The main component of this system was the mass prophylactic immunization of the population of the city, including children and elderly persons, with live and inactivated vaccines manufactured in the USSR. At the period of influenza epidemics remantadin was used for the urgent prophylaxis and treatment of influenza. As a result, influenza morbidity in Severodvinsk was reduced 1.5-2 times in comparison with that in the neighboring control cities. The cases of pneumonia and bronchitis, the most severe postinfluenza complications, decreased in number 1.8 and 1.4 times, respectively. The proportion of influenza A in the structure of acute respiratory diseases decreased by one-half. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the prophylactic and therapeutic measures carried out in the city.

[Immunogenic activity of the viral hemagglutinin and neuraminidase from live and inactivated influenza vaccines]. / Izuchenie immunogennoi aktivnosti virusnogo gemaggliutinina i neiraminidazy zhivykh i inaktivirovannykh grippoznykh vaktsin.

Paired sera from 600 persons immunized with live or inactivated influenza vaccines have been studied in the hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) and influenza virus elution inhibition (EI) tests. The possibility of using, in principle, the EI test for the evaluation of the immunogenicity of the vaccine has been shown. The time course of antibody formation has been found to correlate with both hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of influenza virus. To evaluate the immunogenicity of influenza vaccines with greater precision, taking into account not only seroconversions routinely revealed in the HAI test, but also seroconversions registered only in the EI test is recommended.

[Effect of a complex system of controlling influenza on a citywide scale on the etiological structure of acute respiratory diseases]. / Vliianie kompleksnoi sistemy bor'by s grippom v masshtabe goroda na étiologicheskuiu strukturu ostrykh respiratornykh zabolevanii.

Materials on the etiological structure of acute respiratory diseases (ARD) and the spread of respiratory virus infection among the population of the city under the conditions of mass vaccinal prophylaxis and chemoprophylaxis are presented. These materials indicate that the proportion of influenza A virus in the etiological structure of ARD decreased by half as the result of introducing the complex system of influenza control in the city. The proportion of other causative agents of ARD before and after introducing the complex system of influenza control irregularly varied among different age groups of the population without statistical significance. The indices characterizing the spread of influenza A virus infection among the population of the whole city were found to be significantly decreased during the second period of observation.

[Organization and evaluation of the effectiveness of emergency prophylaxis and early treatment of influenza with remantadine in Serevodvinsk]. / Organizatsiia i otsenka éffektivnosti ékstrennoi profilaktiki i rannego lecheniia grippa remantadinom v Severodvinske.

The complex system of influenza control was introduced into practice at the public health institutions of Severodvinsk in 1976-1980. The effectiveness of the urgent prophylaxis and early treatment of influenza with remantadin, one of the most important elements of this system, was evaluated. The use of remantadin for the early and preventive treatment (urgent prophylaxis) of influenza among the population of the city decreased influenza morbidity 1.7-1.85 times, reduced the duration of the main clinical symptoms of the disease and sick leaves, the frequency of post-influenza complications, as well as the number of visitations of the sick by physicians.