ABSTRACT
The immunomodulating effect of an extract of the cell wall of Mycobacterium sp. (WSF, Vetrepharm Inc., London, Canada) in foot-and-mouth disease virus inactivated vaccines was tested in a murine model. The duration of immunity, protection, stimulation of immunocompetent cells acting on the long-lasting secondary response and possible tissue damage were examined. The incorporation of 10 micrograms WSF into aqueous and oil vaccines induced a high and long-lasting specific antibody response. The neutralizing titres of these antibodies were significantly higher than those observed in animals immunized with vaccines lacking WSF and conferred protection for at least 7 months. The data collected in repopulation assays indicate that WSF participates in the activation of immune cell populations involved in long-lasting memory. This results in an efficient B-cell secondary response even in the absence of T cells, lasting at least 5 months. No adverse reactions were detected. The enhancement effect of WSF on the immune response to foot and mouth disease vaccines observed in the murine model indicates the possibility of its inclusion in aqueous vaccines to be tested in cattle.
Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic , Aphthovirus/immunology , Foot-and-Mouth Disease/prevention & control , Mycobacterium/immunology , Viral Vaccines/immunology , Animals , Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis , B-Lymphocytes/immunology , Cell Wall/immunology , Disease Models, Animal , Guinea Pigs , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Neutralization Tests , Vaccines, Inactivated/administration & dosage , Vaccines, Inactivated/immunology , Viral Vaccines/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Response against foot-and-mouth disease virus 01 Campos on vaccinated female mice and suckling litter was estimated. Vaccine doses ranged between 0.05 and 30 micrograms of virus. The lower dose protected 39.5% of suckling litter whereas 100% protection was achieved using the higher doses. Serum neutralization indexes in females, at 45 days post vaccination, ranged from 3.60 to 4.86 for 0.05 microgram to 0.10 microgram and 4.86 to 5.50 for the high doses. Although the doses were excessively high (eq. 1 mu/g average live weight) and (OH)3Al was used as adjuvant, no adverse effect on the immune system was detected in any of the vaccinated animals.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis , Aphthovirus/immunology , Viral Vaccines/immunology , Animals , Animals, Suckling , Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic , Female , Male , Mice , Neutralization Tests , VaccinationABSTRACT
Response against foot-and-mouth disease virus 01 Campos on vaccinated female mice and suckling litter was estimated. Vaccine doses ranged between 0.05 and 30 micrograms of virus. The lower dose protected 39.5
of suckling litter whereas 100
protection was achieved using the higher doses. Serum neutralization indexes in females, at 45 days post vaccination, ranged from 3.60 to 4.86 for 0.05 microgram to 0.10 microgram and 4.86 to 5.50 for the high doses. Although the doses were excessively high (eq. 1 mu/g average live weight) and (OH)3Al was used as adjuvant, no adverse effect on the immune system was detected in any of the vaccinated animals.
