Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Peptides/administration & dosage , Thymosin/analogs & derivatives , Thymus Extracts/administration & dosage , Breast Neoplasms/immunology , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Dactinomycin/administration & dosage , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Female , Fluorouracil/administration & dosage , Humans , Methotrexate/administration & dosage , Neutrophils/drug effects , Neutrophils/immunology , Phagocytosis/drug effects , Phagocytosis/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/drug effects , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Vincristine/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Blood lymphocyte ability for DNA reparation in response to injuring DNA test-exposure of x-radiation in vitro at a dose 250 Gy was investigated in 158 patients with breast and genital tumors and 40 donors. Suppression of the DNA reparative synthesis before a regular course of cancer therapy (which did not depend on a nosological entity, type and number of cancer therapy courses) was noted in 61% of the patients. However the frequency of such patients was significantly increased with regard to tumor spreading. Individual differences in the ability of cancer patients' lymphocytes for reparation before therapy can reflect, to a certain extent, their function and serve as an additional criterion for predicting complications of cancer therapy.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/blood , DNA Repair/radiation effects , DNA/blood , Genital Neoplasms, Female/blood , Lymphocytes/radiation effects , Adult , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Cells, Cultured/drug effects , Cells, Cultured/metabolism , Cells, Cultured/radiation effects , Combined Modality Therapy , DNA/drug effects , DNA/radiation effects , DNA Repair/drug effects , Female , Genital Neoplasms, Female/therapy , Humans , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Lymphocytes/metabolism , Middle Aged , VeinsABSTRACT
A study was made of the level of reparative capacity of peripheral blood lymphocytes of cancer patients in response to DNA damaging R-radiation testing at a dose of 250 Gy before the next course of cancer chemotherapy. A low capacity of peripheral blood lymphocytes for reparation of DNA or its complete suppression is characteristic for most cancer patients irrespective of a nosological entity and the number of cancer chemotherapy courses in their history. The frequency of cancer patients with the initially suppressed capacity of peripheral blood lymphocytes for DNA reparation has an increasing tendency depending on the spreading of a process. These data can serve as an additional criterion of prognosis of complication during antitumor therapy.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/blood , DNA Damage , DNA Repair , Genital Neoplasms, Female/blood , Lymphocytes/radiation effects , Adult , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Genital Neoplasms, Female/drug therapy , Genital Neoplasms, Female/radiotherapy , Humans , In Vitro Techniques , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The hematotoxicity of cytostatics was found enhanced if these agents were used in therapy of oncologic patients with disordered functional activity of the hepatorenal system. Decreased absorption and excretory functions of the hepatocytes or renal abnormalities associated with impaired glomerular filtration and secretory-excretory function are the factors that contribute to the development of leukopenia by the middle or end of the treatment course. This permits a conclusion on the prognostic value of examinations of liver and kidney function in cases with the development of secondary hemodepression in chemotherapy of oncologic patients.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Kidney/physiopathology , Leukopenia/chemically induced , Liver/physiopathology , Neoplasms/physiopathology , Humans , Neoplasms/drug therapyABSTRACT
Bone marrow scintigraphy with 111In-citrin was used to investigate 55 patients with varying hemoblastoses. The high informative value of the method was shown in extended stages of polycythemia vera, lymphogranulomatosis, multiple myeloma and in leukemia. The method enables assessment of the morphofunctional state of the whole solid mass of the hemopoietic tissue. The data of bone marrow scintigraphy with 111In-citrin can be useful in determination of the disease stage, optimum scheme of its treatment, the therapeutic effectiveness control and prognosis of hemoblastoses.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow/diagnostic imaging , Calcium-Binding Proteins , Fertility Agents , Indium Radioisotopes , Myeloproliferative Disorders/diagnostic imaging , Organic Anion Transporters , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Middle Aged , Radionuclide Imaging , Whole-Body CountingABSTRACT
The effectiveness of re-infusions of auto-blood after isolated irradiation used for the correction of hemocytopenia developing during cancer chemotherapy was studied in 77 patients. 200 ml of the patient's blood was taken into a flask with a preservative and irradiated at an absorbed dose of 220 Gy on the RUM-17 x-ray apparatus. After irradiation the blood was reinfused to a patient. Posttransfusion reactions in the patients were absent. The efficacy and technical simplicity of the method of re-infusions of auto-blood after isolated irradiation make it applicable in clinical practice for the correction of hemopoietic disorders in cancer patients.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Blood Transfusion, Autologous , Blood/radiation effects , Leukopenia/therapy , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Humans , Leukopenia/chemically inducedABSTRACT
Diagnostic potentialities of the use of a new radiopharmaceutical 111In-citrin were studied to assess the hemopoietic status on the basis of examination of 47 cancer patients after chemotherapy. Bone marrow function was assessed on the basis of the visual RP distribution in the bone marrow and a study of quantitative indices of the agent accumulation in various anatomical regions. The results of the study showed that a decrease in the agent accumulation in the flat pelvic bones was determined in patients with stable hemocytopenia. Hyperfixation of the agent was undetectable in the long tubular bones. Raised accumulation of the indicator in the metaepiphyses of the long tubular bones was observed in parallel with lowered accumulation of the agent in the flat bones in the group of patients without hemocytopenia nearly in half of the cases. The accumulation of RP in the rest of the cases did not differ from that in the control group. The results obtained showed that 111In-citrin accumulation in the bone marrow of the long tubular bones indicating its functional rearrangement and the normal level of the indicator accumulation in the main zones of bone marrow hemopoiesis in cancer patients could serve as a favorable prognostic sign for the assessment of hemopoiesis in subsequent courses of cytostatic therapy.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Bone Marrow/diagnostic imaging , Calcium-Binding Proteins , Fertility Agents , Indium , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Organic Anion Transporters , Adult , Aged , Bone Marrow/drug effects , Humans , Middle Aged , Radioisotopes , Radionuclide ImagingABSTRACT
Functional state of genetic apparatus was studied in leukocytes of patients with carcinoma of mammary gland at the III-IV stage by measuring incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA as well as by monitoring impairment of DNA structure using immunofluorescent procedure and antibodies to DNA. The studies were carried out before, in the middle period and at the end of the antitumour chemotherapy. The structure-functional state of genetic apparatus was injured in circulating leukocytes in blood of oncological patients.
