ABSTRACT
A complex study of morphometric characteristics of the articular surfaces of the temporomandibular joint and the examination of the peculiarities of the petrotympanic fissure topography were performed on 138 samples of skulls of adult individuals with intact occlusion, complete anodontia and different forms of cranial skull (dolicho-, meso- and brachicranial). No distinct differences in studied parameters were found between the studied groups. However, in the hypsicranial group the petrotympanic fissure was found to pass more often through the medial third of the mandibular fossa, which may be a predisposing anatomical factor for Costen syndrome. Due to the fact that in anodontia the parameters characterizing the articular surfaces of the temporomandibular joint, are significantly changed, the immediate cause of the Costen syndrome are the changes of the articular surfaces of the temporomandibular joint, primarily the reduction in the size of mandibular condyle, which is accompanied by its pathological displacement and compression of the chorda tympani.
Subject(s)
Mandibular Condyle/pathology , Petrous Bone/pathology , Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome/etiology , Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome/pathology , Temporomandibular Joint/pathology , Adult , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
The series of 60 computed tomography scans of maxillofacial area performed in frontal projection, were used to study the peculiarities of mandible structure. The values of mandible morphometric parameters obtained with craniometric method and by computed tomography, were compared. The scope of computer-aided tomography in the evaluation of mandible structure variability was examined. The method of computer-aided tomography makes it possible to receive the data on mandibular corpus height and thickness and on the inclination angle of its alveolar part in the area of prospective surgical operation, as well as on the anatomic-topographical interrelations between teeth root apical portions and mandibular canal.
Subject(s)
Mandible/anatomy & histology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Body Weights and Measures , Cephalometry , Dental Implantation/methods , Humans , Mandible/diagnostic imaging , Tooth/diagnostic imaging , Tooth Root/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Age-related changes and sexual differences of some of the morphometric characteristics of the lower part of facial skeleton were studied. It was shown that the height of the face lower part in the skulls with intact orthognathic occlusion remained unchanged during the age period from 22 to 70 years. In both men and women with full dentition and orthognathic occlusion aged from 22 to 35 years, the significant decrease was observed in the angle of the ramus of mandible due to the bone tissue formation in this region. The parameters of the height of the ramus of mandible, the projection height of the mandibular condylar process, and the least width of the mandibular ramus in men and women have significant age- and sex-related differences.
