Incidence, risk factors, prognosis, and health-related quality of life after stroke in a low-resource community in Chile (ÑANDU): a prospective population-based study.

BACKGROUND: Stroke is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. The best estimates of local, national, and global burden of stroke are derived from prospective population-based studies. We aimed to investigate the incidence, risk factors, long-term prognosis, care, and quality of life after stroke in the Ñuble region of Chile. METHODS: We did a prospective community-based study with use of multiple overlapping sources of hospitalised, ambulatory, and deceased cases. Standardised diagnostic criteria were used to identify and follow up all cases occurring in the resident population of the Ñuble region, Chile (in a low-income rural-urban population including predominantly people of Indigenous-European heritage), for 1 year. Participants were included if they had a clinical diagnosis of stroke confirmed according to the study criteria. All cases were adjudicated by vascular neurologists. Incidence rates of first-ever stroke were calculated from the population of Ñuble according to the 2017 national census. FINDINGS: From April 1, 2015, to March 31, 2016, we ascertained 1103 stroke cases, of which 890 (80·7%) were first-ever incident cases. The mean age of patients with first-ever stroke was 70·3 years (SD 14·1) and 443 (49·8%) were women. A CT scan was obtained in 801 (90%) of 890 patients (mean time from symptom onset to scan of 13·4 h (SD 29·8). The incidence of first-ever stroke age-adjusted to the world population was 121·7 (95% CI 113·7-130·1) per 100 000. The age-adjusted incidence rates, per 100 000 inhabitants, by main pathological subtypes were as follows: ischaemic stroke (101·5 [95% CI 90·9-113·0]); intracerebral haemorrhage (17·9 [13·5-23·4]), and subarachnoid haemorrhage (4·2 [2·1-7·3]). The 30-day case-fatality rate was 24·6% (21·9-27·6). At 6 months after the stroke, 55·9% (432 of 773) of cases had died or were disabled, which increased to 61·0% (456 of 747) at 12 months. Health-related quality of life in survivors was low at 6 months, improving slightly at 12 months after the stroke. INTERPRETATION: The incidence of stroke in this low-resource population was higher than our previous finding in northern Chile and within the mid-range of most population-based stroke studies. This result was due mainly to a higher incidence of ischaemic stroke, probably associated with increasing age and a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors in the population studied. Our findings suggest that more should be done for the prevention and care of stroke in communities like the Ñuble population. FUNDING: The National Agency for Research and Development and the Technology-Health Research Fund, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Meyers Squibb, The Herminda Martin Clinical Hospital of Chillán, Universidad Mayor, and Universidad de Concepción.

Acropigmentación reticulada de Dohi: revisión de genodermatosis con pigmentación reticular a partir de un caso clínico / Reticulated acropigmentation of Dohi: review of genodermatosis with reticular pigmentation

La acropigmentación reticulada de Dohi (ARD) o discromía simétrica hereditaria se encuentra dentro de los desórdenes con pigmentación reticular hereditaria. Es una rara entidad que se describió por primera vez en 1929 en Japón por Toyama. Presenta herencia autosómica dominante y el gen responsable se encuentra en el cromosoma 1q21 que codifica para una proteína ARN-adenosina desaminasa (ADAR1 o DSRAD). A pesar, que es un desorden benigno y no reviste complicaciones suele ser estéticamente desfigurante. A continuación, se presenta un caso clínico y se realizará una revisión de la literatura de los otras genodermatosis con pigmentación reticular.

Hereditary symmetric dyschromatosis, also known as reticulated acropigmentation of Dohi is included within a spectrum of reticulate pigment disorders of the skin. It’s a pigmentary disorder characterized by the presence of hypopigmented and hyperpigmented macules giving a reticular pattern in acral areas. It is a rare entity first described in 1929 by Toyama in Japan. It has autosomal dominant inheritance and the responsible gene codes for an RNA adenosine deaminase protein (ADAR1 or dsRAD) on chromosome 1q21. Although, it`s a benign disorder, it can be aesthetically disfiguring. We present a case report and review of the literature of genodermatosis with reticular pigmentation.

Short-term skin reactions associated to sleeve gastrectomy in eight patients.

BACKGROUND: Bariatric procedures have beneficial effects on metabolic disturbances, including dermatological conditions. Short-term skin reactions associated with sleeve gastrectomy are not described in the literature. METHODS: We reviewed our database for patients who underwent bariatric surgery between May and October 2013 who reported a cutaneous rash during the short-term post-surgical period. RESULTS: Of a total of 195 patients, 8 (0.02 %) developed acute skin reactions during the first 3 months. Case 1 was compatible with reticulated papillomatosis. Case 2 was diagnosed as recurrent angioedema. Cases 3, 4, and 7 presented a cutaneous drug reaction to vitamin supplementation. Cases 5, 6, and 8 seemed to be secondary to xerosis and responded to lubrication. CONCLUSION: Acute cutaneous skin reactions after bariatric surgery are unusual. When they do occur, they appear to be benign conditions.