ABSTRACT
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) arises from immature myeloid progenitors, resulting in a stem-cell-like proliferative state. This leads to excessive pools of immature cells that cannot function, which usually happens at the cost of the production of mature functional cells, leading to deleterious consequences. The management of AML has intensified as newer targeted therapies have come into existence owing to deeper genetic analysis of the disease and patients. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is a cytosolic enzyme that is a part of the Krebs cycle and is extremely important in maintaining the homeostasis of the cell. It is produced by two different genes: IDH1 and IDH2. Ivosidenib has been associated with IDH1 inhibition and has been studied in numerous cancers. This review highlights the studies that have dealt with ivosidenib, an IDH1 inhibitor, in AML, the side effect profile, and the possible future course of the drug. After a scoping review of the available literature, we have identified that studies have consistently shown positive outcomes and that ivosidenib is a promising avenue for the management of AML. But it also has to be kept in mind that resistance to IDH inhibitors is on the rise, and the need to identify ways to circumvent this is to be addressed.
ABSTRACT
Introduction Although the pathophysiology of obesity is widely recognized, its psychological and social aspects have received more attention in treatment and prevention. Social media technological advancements offer a quicker, more accessible, and broader platform for the dissemination of information. Hence, social media may significantly impact eating habits and body image development in children and adolescents, potentially turning into a risk factor for obesity if the behaviors being pushed are not consistent with a healthy lifestyle. Aim This study aims to evaluate the quality and reliability of content being circulated on Instagram related to the disease "obesity." Methods A cross-sectional observational study was conducted virtually over a period of ten days. Six hashtags related to the disease "obesity" were screened. Posts in the languages "English" or "Hindi" containing information about the disease "obesity" were included in the study. A questionnaire was made to assess these posts based on various pre-determined categories: type of post, type of information circulated, quality, reliability, and correctness. Results After applying the inclusion criteria, 420 posts were included in our study. 84% of the relevant posts were images/posts, and 15% were videos. Only 17% were posted by doctors, while the health and wellness industry posted around 54.52%. Survivors/persons suffering from the disease contributed to 13.81%, while that from dietitians was 6.43%, and that from new agencies was only 1.19%. The number of correct posts by doctors, nurses, and hospitals was 54.93%, and others were 37.7%. The posts by doctors, nurses, and hospitals were more reliable compared to others (statistically significant p<0.05). Conclusion This study highlights the need for continued monitoring and evaluation of the social media platform Instagram for the spread of healthcare information.
ABSTRACT
Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer that affects the sympathetic nervous system and is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) is a drug that has shown promise as a treatment option for high-risk neuroblastoma. This review aims to provide an overview of the current research on the use of DFMO in neuroblastoma treatment. The review includes a discussion of the mechanisms of action of DFMO, as well as its potential for use in combination with other treatments such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The review also examines the current clinical trials involving DFMO in high-risk neuroblastoma patients and provides insights into the challenges and future directions for the use of DFMO in neuroblastoma treatment. Overall, the review highlights the potential of DFMO as a promising therapy for neuroblastoma and highlights the need for further research to fully understand its potential benefits and limitations.
