[The epidemiology of tuberculosis of the respiratory tract in the homeless in Poznan]. / Epidemiologia gruzlicy ukladu oddechowego wsród osób bezdomnych w Poznaniu.

The Department of Health and Social Care of the Municipal Council in Poznan initiated a programme of prophylaxis against tuberculosis in the homeless. The study involves those homeless people who are registered in Poznan-based homeless shelters and temporary residential sites. Chest x-ray was performed in 403 homeless and 57 persons of staff. Abnormal picture of the chest was found in 83 person, but only in 30 lesions were suspected of tuberculous etiology. 43 persons with abnormal chest x-ray and/or with clinical symptoms were exactly examinated in Chest Clinic (with microbiological examination of sputum or bronchoscopic material). AFB were found in 7 of them, in 1-granulomatosis with necrosis was found in lung specimen and in 2 clinical and radiological diagnosis of TB was estabilished.

[Mortality of respiratory diseases in the years 1981-2000]. / Epidemiologia zgonów z powodu chorób ukladu oddechowego w latach 1981-2000.

Diseases of respiratory system are the 4th or 5th cause of death depending on epidemiological study. Death certificates for permanent residents in Poznan in the years 1981-2000, where underlying cause of death were respiratory diseases were analysed. Deaths from TB were also included which though classified as an infectious disease-affects predominantly respiratory system. Overall male mortality rate from respiratory system diseases had higher values for the most of the period studied, than the same rate for women. In the 90th there was an overall decrease in mortality from the diseases of respiratory system in both sexes with exception of 1999-2000 where there was a rise. At the same time there was a decrease of mortality from pneumonia in both sexes. Up to 1998 a similar tendency in the whole population for the mortality from chronic respiratory diseases was noted. Deaths from influenza and other respiratory system diseases amongst males and females were rare and would not appear in every year under study. Sporadic causes of death from pneumoconiosis were observed mainly in the male population.

[Trends in the mortality from malignancies in the population of the city of Poznan]. / Analiza umieralnosci z powodu nowotworów zlosliwych w populacji miasta Poznania.

In the view of epidemiological data Poland is a country with higher risk factors for malignant disease than European Union States. In the population of Poland neoplasms are the second cause of death after cardiovascular diseases while mortality and morbidity in this group continue to show growing tendency. The tendencies in the mortality from neoplasms in the population of the city of Poznan were analyzed with respect to gender and type of neoplasm. The underlying causes of deaths in death certificates of permanent residents of Poznan in years 1981-2000 were analyzed. The higher mortality from neoplasms in the 90's was caused by the rise in mortality from malignancies in both sexes. Throughout the period monitored mortality rates for men were higher than for women, with highest values in 1998 and 1999. In the years 1996-2000 the highest mortality rates for men were from prostate cancer, whereas in 1997-1999 they were highest for bowel cancer. Amongst women in the 90's an increased mortality from bowel, breast, lungs, bladder cancers and lymphatic and erythropoetic tissue malignancies was observed.

[Hip fracture as an important mortality risk in elderly people]. / Upadki ze zlamaniem szyjki kosci udowej jako wazna przyczyna zgonów.

In recent years much attention has been paid to trauma from accident falls among elderly. It is estimated that almost 1/3 of the population of 65 and over experience one fall a year. The falls are responsible for almost 90% of all fractures in this population and are the most common cause of death in the accidents, injuries and poisonings category. In the study mortality from hip fractures in Poznan, in years 1990-2000 was analyzed. For that purpose death certificates of the residents of Poznan were analyzed, in which hip fracture was the underlying cause of death. It was the continuation of the research conducted in the 80 degrees. In the studied period hip fractures contributed to a lesser and lesser degree in the mortality from external causes. In the beginning of the 90 degrees the percentage was 25, while in the year 2000--only 12.6. Mortality from the hip fractures was observed mainly in people older than 55, predominantly women (68% of deaths in 1990 and 87% in 1996). At the same time the overall mortality rate for both sexes would decrease systematically.

[Mortality trends from malignant diseases in the population of Poznan in the years 1991-2000]. / Nadumieralnosc na skutek chorób nowotworowych w populacji miasta Poznania w latach 1991-2000.

Since the 70's Polish epidemiological studies from give evidence to male mortality, predominantly in the working age. The results of the analysis of overall mortality in the population of Poznan in the years 1990-1999 were in the line of overall results from Poland. Throughout the period under study we noted male overmortality in Poznan, which would start in the age group 15-19 (with the exception of 1996) and would continue up to the age 85-89. The aim of the study was to assess the phenomenon of overmortality from neoplasms in the population of Poznan. In the study secondary sources of information were used such as death certificates of permanent residents of Poznan in the years 1991-2000. Male overmortality was given as a percentage and was calculated as a ratio of female mortality rate to male mortality rate. The increase in the number of deaths from malignancies in Poznan in the 90's applied to both sexes but overall male mortality for this cause was higher than for females. The analysis of the mortality for particular group of tumors as well as selected tumors showed that overmortality is not specific to male population. The increase in female deaths from bowel cancer was reflected in the female overmortality in four out of ten years study. Periodic overmortality in the population was also detected for other neoplasms of the alimentary tract e.g. liver and rectum.