[Topical liquid nasal gel, its anatomical distribution and transport]. / Distribución anatómica y transporte de un gel líquido tópico nasal.

The objectives of this study are: 1) to assess the anatomical distribution of a topical liquid nasal gel in patients with and without rhinitis using a metered dose nasal pump, and 2) to determine whether the distribution pattern is influenced by dosage and delivery technique. Thirty-nine volunteers were evaluated, 26 without nasal inflammation and 13 with rhinitis. Patients self-administered the nasal spray according to the specifications in one fossa and incorrectly in the other one (sniffing and double doses). The findings showed that the nasal gel delivered by spray did not penetrate beyond the inferior part of the middle turbinate, regardless of delivery technique (double dose with sniffing or single dose without sniffing) and the presence or absence of inflammation.

Distribución anatómica y transporte de un gel líquido tópico nasal / Topical liquid nasal gel, its anatomical distribution and transport

Los objetivos de este estudio son: 1) valorar el patrón de distribución anatómica de un gel tópico liberado en la cavidad nasal en pacientes con y sin inflamación nasal y 2) determinar si esta distribución se ve influida por la dosis o la técnica de liberación. Se estudiaron 39, 26 sin inflamación y 13 con inflamación nasal, que se administraron un gel teñido de forma diferente en cada fosa. En una de forma adecuada y el la otra de forma inadecuada y con dosis doble. Los hallazgos mostraron que el gel administrado no sobrepasa de la porción inferior del cornete medio, ni llega a la mucosa olfatoria, independientemente del modo de administración o el estado de la mucosa

The objectives of this study are: 1) to assess the anatomical distribution of a topical liquid nasal gel in patients with and without rhinitis using a metered dose nasal pump, and 2) to determine whether the distribution pattern is influenced by dosage and delivery technique. Thirty-nine volunteers were evaluated, 26 without nasal inflammation and 13 with rhinitis. Patients self-administered the nasal spray according to the specifications in one fossa and incorrectly in the other one (sniffing and double doses). The findings showed that the nasal gel delivered by spray did not penetrate beyond the inferior part of the middle turbinate, regardless of delivery technique (double dose with sniffing or single dose without sniffing) and the presence or absence of inflammation

[The septal button: an alternative to the reparative surgery of septal perforations]. / El botón septal: una alternativa a la cirugía reparadora de las perforaciones septales.

There are many surgical approaches for closure of nasal septum, most of which present technical difficulties. Moreover, the clinical results are, as yet, unsatisfactory. Prefabricated prostheses have been effective for treatment of smaller perforations, and are an excellent alternative in a great number of cases. We present an optional surgical technique to deal with this increasingly common problem.

[Naso-intestinal intubation with weighted tubes. A new modification of an old technique]. / Intubación nasointestinal con sondas lastradas. Una modificación nueva a una técnica antigua.

We have studied the spontaneous transpyloric passage of 25 weighted nasointestinal tubes using a modified technique slightly different from the standard one. Instead of introducing the entire tube in the stomach in the very first moment, we have only introduced at the beginning approximately 70 cm and afterwards, with the patient in the right lateral decubitus position, each 15 minutes we continued introducing 15 cm each time for a total period of one hour. X-ray controls were done 3, 24 and 48 hours after the first introduction. Fifteen tubes (60%) had passed to the small intestine in the first 3 hours, 21 (84%) had reached it before 24 hours and 23 (92%) had passed the pylorus before 48 hours. The others two tubes did not pass the pylorus in 48 hours nor did they pass after the administration of metoclopramide. We thus conclude that this technique simplifies the intubation of the small intestine. We recommend to control the position of the tube by X-ray film 24 hours after the positioning. If after this period the tube is still in the stomach, it should be repositioned using radiological or endoscopic assistance in those cases that the delivery of an intestinal solution is desired.