[Breast cancer treated by antibiotherapy? Granulomatous mastitis with Corynebacterium]. / Cancer du sein traité par antibiotherapie ? Mastite granulomateuse à corynébactérie.

Granulomatous mastitis is a rare disease, often associated with Corynebacterium infection. It raises the problem of diagnosis of breast tumor with a fast evolution and inflammatory character. We report two cases of granulomatous mastitis with Corynebacterium. It concerns the clinical and radiological description, followed by the therapeutic alternatives and future of the patients. The clinical presentation is variable. The treatment consists in a surgical procedure of resection. The medical treatment based of corticosteroids also proves efficient. The association between Corynebacterium presence and this pathology seems frequent and needs a specific bacteriological search.

Does 45,X/46,XX mosaicism with 6-28% of aneuploidy affect the outcomes of IVF or ICSI?

OBJECTIVE: Several studies have shown an increased frequency of chromosomal aberrations in female partners of couples examined prior to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). A retrospective cohort study was performed to determine whether 45,X/46,XX mosaicism affects the outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) or ICSI. STUDY DESIGN: Forty-six women with a 45,X/46,XX karyotype with 6-28% of aneuploidy were compared with 59 control women (46,XX), matched for age, from the female population who underwent IVF or ICSI between 1 January 1996 and 31 December 2006 at the Reproductive Medicine Unit at Brest University Hospital. The outcomes of 254 treatment cycles were compared according to patient karyotype. RESULTS: No difference was found in the number of retrieved oocytes (8.9 ± 5.5 vs 8.5 ± 4.7; p=0.56) or the number of mature oocytes (7.4 ± 4.7 vs 6.9 ± 4.2; p=0.49) between the 45,X/46,XX group and the 46,XX group, respectively. Fertilization rates did not differ between the groups for either IVF or ICSI. In addition, no difference was found in the pregnancy rate by cycle (17.4% vs 18.7%, respectively; p=0.87). The percentage of first-trimester miscarriages was similar in both groups (13.6% vs 12.5%, respectively; p=0.51). CONCLUSION: 45,X/46,XX mosaicism with 6-28% of aneuploidy has no adverse effect on the outcomes of IVF or ICSI among women referred to assisted reproductive technologies.

[Gynandroblastoma and Fragile X syndrome. Case report]. / Gynandroblastome et syndrome de l'X Fragile. À propos d'un cas.

Gynandroblastoma is a rare ovarian tumor, derived sex cord-stromal, malignant, with low scalable potential. Clinical investigations include endocrinology or gynecological troubles, or pelvic mass syndrome. After pelvic MRI of reference, optimum surgery is the treatment of gynandroblastoma. Fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited cause of mental retardation, and females are more affected. Association of both is totally new.

Sex chromosome mosaicism in couples undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown an increased frequency of constitutional chromosome aberrations in male and female partners of couples examined prior to ICSI. We conducted a cohort study to determine whether there was an increase in numerical sex chromosome mosaicism among couples undergoing ICSI compared with fertile couples. METHODS: Cytogenetic investigations were performed in 228 females and 208 males seen for ICSI between January 1997 and March 2001. They were matched to control females and males. RESULTS: Sex chromosome loss or gain was observed in at least one cell from 24.1% of ICSI women in comparison with 22% of controls (not significant). A significant difference between these two groups was found when X chromosome loss in at least two cells was considered, 9.6% for ICSI females versus 4.8% for controls (P = 0.01). No significant difference was observed between male groups concerning loss or gain of the X or Y chromosome. CONCLUSION: Our results support previously published studies indicating that the loss of an X chromosome in a single cell in females undergoing ICSI is probably an artefact. However, they suggest that a woman could have true sex chromosome mosaicism when two 45,X0 cells are found.