ABSTRACT
Resumen La Anorexia Nervosa es considerada en la actualidad como enfermedad de gran impacto por su asociación con la desnutrición, se presenta principalmente en mujeres adolescentes y adultas jóvenes. La gravedad se establece a través del índice de masa corporal (IMC). Es una enfermedad multifactorial, con gran influencia del medio cultural, los aspectos biológicos, familiares y personales. Ningún sistema corporal se salva de las secuelas adversas de estas enfermedades, especialmente a medida que la anorexia nervosa se vuelve más grave y crónica. Se realiza una revisión de las complicaciones médicas asociadas con la anorexia nervosa extrema en este caso clínico. Se considera además como una enfermedad con alto índice de morbimortalidad, por el incremento de hasta 6 veces el riesgo de muerte y las múltiples complicaciones médicas que se asocian a la enfermedad. De ahí que es imprescindible incrementar los recursos de salud, reforzar la información en los médicos de primer contacto para identificar este padecimiento, y aumentar los factores de buen pronóstico como la atención temprana de los pacientes.
Abstract Anorexia nervosa is currently considered a disease of great impact due to its association with malnutrition. It occurs mainly in women, adolescents and young adults. The severity is de- fined by BMI. It is a multifactorial disease, with great influence of the cultural environment, biological, family and personal aspects. No system in the body is spared from the adverse sequelae of these illnesses, especially as anorexia nervosa becomes more severe and chronic. We review the medical complications that are associated with extreme anorexia nervosa. It is also considered as a disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate, due to an increase of up to 6 times the risk of death and the multiple medical complications associated with the disease. Hence, it is essential to increase health resources, reinforce information in first-contact doctors to identify this condition, and increase factors of good prognosis such as early patient care.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Efficient assessment of eating disorders (ED) is indispensable for research and clinical practice in Mexico. One of the most commonly used questionnaires, the EDE-Q, has a self-applicable questionnaire format with 28 questions and four subscales drawn from the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE), a semistructured interview developed to evaluate the specific symptomatology of eating disorders. OBJECTIVE: Obtain the factorial structure and construct validity of the EDE-Q questionnaire in Mexican women. METHOD: The language in the EDE-Q was adapted. It was applied to university students (N = 330) and a sample of patients with ED (N = 165) from two ED outpatient treatment services. The anthropometric data of the participants was obtained. Internal consistency was explored using the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient and a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted by group. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha was 0.9 for the full scale in all groups, while the reliability of each of the subscales fluctuated between 0.8 and 0.9. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fit of the seven-item model in three factors was better than that of the original 22-item one and that of the eight-item model for one factor. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides information supporting the seven-item and three-factor version, rather than the original or eight-item versions of the EDE-Q. In the future, the adapted version of the EDE-Q will make it possible to draw comparisons between Mexican samples in other socio-cultural contexts. Future research is required to continue refining the instruments to achieve more representative results from the general ED population.
