Subject(s)
Osmolar Concentration , Sweat/analysis , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Reference ValuesABSTRACT
A commercially available substrate-labelled fluorescent immunoassay procedure has been modified to create a simple rapid method for the determination of capillary phenytoin concentration in dried filter paper blood spots of patients on phenytoin therapy. The specimens are collected and dispatched to the laboratory by the patient, thus domiciliary monitoring of phenytoin therapy can take place. The technique was validated by comparing the phenytoin results of simultaneously collected capillary dried blood spots and conventional plasma samples. The technique offers a convenient method for overcoming many of the practical problems of monitoring phenytoin therapy in epilepsy.
Subject(s)
Phenytoin/blood , Capillaries , Drug Stability , Female , Hematocrit , Humans , Male , Phenytoin/therapeutic use , Specimen Handling , Spectrometry, Fluorescence/methodsABSTRACT
This study was designed to investigate the greatly reduced activities of hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase in postheparin plasma of patients with glycogen storage disease (GSD). Evidence for the presence of a circulating inhibitor in the plasma of GSD patients prior to the establishment of metabolic control was provided by the following observations. The hepatic lipase activity from patients with GSD gave a nonlinear relationship with time, maximum activity being obtained after 5 min whereas normal postheparin plasma showed a linear relationship for at least 20 min. The addition of GSD plasma to a normal postheparin plasma resulted in inhibition of the normal postheparin lipolytic activity. The inhibition showed a dose response, with 10 and 30 microliter of the GSD plasma giving 22 and 65% inhibition after 20 min, respectively. Serial dilution of GSD postheparin plasma gave increasing activity of hepatic lipase when expressed per ml of plasma. Thus, a 1:100 dilution gave a normal activity of 15 mumol/ml/h whereas a 1:10 dilution gave less than 10% of this activity. After affinity chromatography of the GSD postheparin plasma on heparin/Sepharose, the inhibition was removed and a normal lipolytic activity was obtained.
Subject(s)
Glycogen Storage Disease Type I/enzymology , Heparin , Lipase/metabolism , Lipoprotein Lipase/metabolism , Liver/enzymology , Adult , Child , Chromatography, Affinity , Glycogen Storage Disease Type I/blood , Humans , Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/enzymology , Hypolipoproteinemias/enzymology , Lipase/blood , Lipoprotein Lipase/blood , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A commercially available substrate-labelled fluorescent immunoassay procedure has been modified to create a simple rapid method for the determination of capillary theophylline concentration in the dried filter paper blood spots of patients on theophylline therapy. The specimens are collected and dispatched to the laboratory by the patient; thus domiciliary monitoring of theophylline therapy can take place. The technique offers a convenient method for overcoming many of the practical problems that arise during theophylline therapy in asthmatic patients.
Subject(s)
Asthma/blood , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Theophylline/blood , Adult , Ambulatory Care , Blood Specimen Collection , Child , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Humans , Male , Statistics as Topic , Theophylline/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Thyroxine/blood , Adult , Aged , Biliary Tract Diseases/blood , Diabetes Mellitus/blood , Diagnostic Errors , Female , Humans , Liver Diseases/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Reagent Kits, DiagnosticSubject(s)
Thyroxine/blood , Dialysis , Heparin/blood , Heparin/therapeutic use , Humans , RadioimmunoassayABSTRACT
1. Significant positive correlations were found between the lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase activities of post-heparin plasma samples and plasma high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations in 21 children with hyperlipidaemia and six normal adult males. 2. A significant positive correlation was also observed between the two lipase activities and the ratio of HDL cholesterol to apoprotein AI (apo AI) concentrations. 3. These findings provide further evidence that a significant proportion of HDL and possibly the HDL, subfraction is formed during the clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.
Subject(s)
Hyperlipidemias/blood , Lipase/blood , Lipoprotein Lipase/blood , Lipoproteins, HDL/blood , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Hyperlipidemias/enzymology , Infant , Liver/enzymology , MaleABSTRACT
The methods proposed by Nilsson-Ehle and Ekman [8] for the specific estimation of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase activities in post-heparin plasma were investigated. The procedure for hepatic lipase was found to be specific, but the lipoprotein lipase assay required modification to abolish hepatic lipase interference. The modified procedures were fully validated and found to be relatively simple, rapid and specific and were used to investigate children with primary and secondary hyperlipidaemic states.
