Real-Time Multi-Sensor Joint Fault Diagnosis Method for Permanent Magnet Traction Drive Systems Based on Structural Analysis.

Sensor faults are one of the most common faults that cause performance degradation or functional loss in permanent magnet traction drive systems (PMTDSs). To quickly diagnose faulty sensors, this paper proposes a real-time joint diagnosis method for multi-sensor faults based on structural analysis. Firstly, based on limited monitoring signals on board, a structured model of the system was established using the structural analysis method. The isolation and detectability of faulty sensors were analyzed using the Dulmage-Mendelsohn decomposition method. Secondly, the minimum collision set method was used to calculate the minimum overdetermined equation set, transforming the higher-order system model into multiple related subsystem models, thereby reducing modeling complexity and facilitating system implementation. Next, residual vectors were constructed based on multiple subsystem models, and fault detection and isolation strategies were designed using the correlation between each subsystem model and the relevant sensors. The validation results of the physical testing platform based on online fault data recordings showed that the proposed method could achieve rapid fault detection and the localization of multi-sensor faults in PMTDS and had a good application value.

An efficiently sustainable dextran-based flocculant: Synthesis, characterization and flocculation.

Polysaccharide-modified flocculant is a notable material in the field of wastewater treatment. Synthesis of biopolysaccharide derivatives as eco-friendly flocculants is remarkably desired for environmental protection. This work presents an efficient flocculant synthesized through copolymerization of acrylamide, sodium acrylate (AS), and dextran. Physicochemical properties of the flocculant were evaluated. Process parameters of coal-washing wastewater flocculation were tested using Response Surface Method. The application of graft polymers exhibited efficient flocculation performance at low level of flocculant dosage in alkalescent environment. The improved dextran contributes to handle industrial effluent and sanitary sewage.

[Research progress in dextranase].

Dextranase can degrade dextran polymer into low molecular weight polysaccharide. Dextranase and its hydrolysates are widely used in food, medicine and chemical industries. Studies on dextranase progresses rapidly in recent years. We reviewed literature reports combined with our study about the progress of dextranase and its potential applications in industry. In addition, we addressed hot topics and emphasized on the current research about dextranase, existing problems in domesticstudies and the future research needs needs.

[Blood matching and transfusion for 12 acute autoimmune hemolytic anemia patients by extracorporal hemolysis test].

In order to screen the compatible red cells by using extracorporal hemolysis test for acute autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) patients who were difficult to be matched by automatic microcolumn gel indirect antiglobulin test. Twenty-six cases of AIHA were chosen as control group, to whom the same type of donor red blood cells were infused with the weakest blood agglutination; 12 cases of acute AIHA patients were chosen as test group, these patients were difficult to be matched by automatic microcolumn gel indirect antiglobulin test, and the donor red cells without hemolysis by extracoral hemolysis test were transfused for them. The results showed that compared with the control group,the effect of transfusion was better in test group (P < 0.01), with 2.26 U leukocyte-depleted erythrocyte suspension in average, whose hemoglobin, reticulocyte and total bilirubin levels were changed significantly compared with those before blood transfusion (P < 0.01) . It is concluded that the compatible red blood cells for the acute AIHA patients can be screened by the extracorporal hemolysis test, when it is difficult to screen by the automatic microcolumn gel indirect antiglobulin test.

[Clinical application of blood matching with hemolytic test in vitro for transfusion treatment of crisis puerpera with acute hemolytic anemia].

This study was aimed to establish the matching method of hemolytic test in vitro, and to guide the transfusion treatment for puerpera with acute hemolytic disease. The donor's erythrocytes were sensibilized by all the antibodies in plasma of patient in vitro and were added with complement, after incubation for 6.5 hours at 38 °C, the hemolysis or no hemolysis were observed. It is safe to transfuse if the hemolysis did not occur. The results showed that when the matching difficulty happened to puerpera with acute hemolytic disease, the compatible donor could be screened by hemolytic test in vitro. There were no untoward effects after transfusion of 6 U leukocyte-depleted erythrocyte suspension. The all hemoglobin, total bilirubins, indirect bilirubin, reticulocyte, D-dimex and so on were rapidly improved in patient after transfusion , showing obvious clinical efficacy of treatment. It is concluded that when the matching results can not judge accurately compatible or incompatible through the routine method of cross matching, the agglutinated and no-hemolytic erythrocytes can be screened by hemolytic test in vitro and can be transfused with good efficacy; the hemoglobin level can be promoted rapidly, and no untoward effects occur.

Biosynthesis of oligodextrans with different Mw by synergistic catalysis of dextransucrase and dextranase.

In this study, we have investigated various adding times of dextranase to the dextransucrase system to reveal the synergistic process of dextransucrase and dextranase. Dextranase added into the dextransucrase-sucrose system at different times gave rise to different main dextran products. The results showed that dextranase added into sucrose system at the same time with dextransucrase synthesized low molecular weight (Mw) dextran targeted to 5 kDa, while dextranase added during the reaction process of dextransucrase directionally prepared dextran with medium Mw of 10 kDa and 20 kDa. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and (1)H Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) exhibited that the synthesized oligodextrans were mainly composed of α-1,6-glycosidic linkages (dextran 6587 Da, 96.82%; dextran 22,521 Da, 96.03%) and low α-1,3-glycosidic branch. The research established the relationship between the synergistic catalysis of the double enzymatic system and the synthesis of oligodextrans with different Mw.