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1.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 34(5): 480-484, sept.-oct. 2020. tab, mapas
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-198871

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Cuantificar el efecto que tiene la inclusión de la población institucionalizada en la estimación del riesgo de mortalidad en las secciones censales de Euskadi (España) para las principales causas de mortalidad en el periodo 1996-2003. MÉTODO: Estudio ecológico transversal por áreas pequeñas. Se analizaron las principales causas de mortalidad y por sexo. RESULTADOS: Al analizar el efecto general que tiene en todas las secciones con población institucionalizada se ha visto que no hay apenas ningún efecto reseñable en hombres ni en mujeres. En cambio, cuando se han seleccionado las áreas geográficas donde la población institucionalizada supone un porcentaje importante, más del 10% de la población de esa área, sí se ha observado un efecto incrementando la estimación del riesgo de mortalidad. CONCLUSIONES: El efecto que tiene la inclusión de la población institucionalizada se ve claramente en aquellas causas de mortalidad relacionadas con una mayor dependencia o fragilidad, y por lo tanto con estar en una residencia de personas mayores, como son las demencias y la enfermedad de Alzheimer, y la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, sobrestimando el riesgo de mortalidad en torno a un 8% y un 4%, respectivamente, en esas áreas


OBJECTIVE: To quantify the effect of the inclusion of the population in collective dwellings on the estimation of mortality risk in the census areas of the Basque Country (Spain) for the main causes of mortality in the period 1996-2003. METHOD: Small-area ecological cross-sectional study. The main causes of mortality by sex were analyzed. RESULTS: When the general effect on all areas with a a population in collective dwellings was analyzed, hardly any noticeable effect was seen on either men or women. On the other hand, an effect was found when selecting the areas where the population in collective dwellings is more than 10% of the area's population. CONCLUSIONS: The effect of the inclusion of the population in collective dwellings clearly seen in causes of mortality, such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease, and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, related to greater dependence or frailty, and therefore related to being in a nursing or elderly persons' home, over-estimating the risk of mortality by approximately 8% and 4%, respectively, in these geographical areas


Subject(s)
Humans , Dementia/mortality , Alzheimer Disease/mortality , Mortality Registries/statistics & numerical data , Frailty/mortality , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/mortality , Institutionalized Population , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , 50293 , Risk Factors , Health Status Disparities , Small-Area Analysis , Spain/epidemiology
2.
Gac Sanit ; 34(5): 480-484, 2020.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30745094

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To quantify the effect of the inclusion of the population in collective dwellings on the estimation of mortality risk in the census areas of the Basque Country (Spain) for the main causes of mortality in the period 1996-2003. METHOD: Small-area ecological cross-sectional study. The main causes of mortality by sex were analyzed. RESULTS: When the general effect on all areas with a a population in collective dwellings was analyzed, hardly any noticeable effect was seen on either men or women. On the other hand, an effect was found when selecting the areas where the population in collective dwellings is more than 10% of the area's population. CONCLUSIONS: The effect of the inclusion of the population in collective dwellings clearly seen in causes of mortality, such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease, and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, related to greater dependence or frailty, and therefore related to being in a nursing or elderly persons' home, over-estimating the risk of mortality by approximately 8% and 4%, respectively, in these geographical areas.


Subject(s)
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Small-Area Analysis , Spain/epidemiology
3.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 912017 05 25.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28537246

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Asthma is an important public health issue. The goal of this study is to analyse the trends in self-reported asthma prevalence in the Madrid Region and its association with socio-demographic and health factors. METHODS: Data from the "Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Surveillance System" in adult population (SIVFRENT-A) 1996-2013 were used. Prevalences and 95% CI were estimated for: current asthma, cumulative prevalence of asthma and asthma attack in the last 12 months, in five periods. Changes in inter-period prevalence were estimated by calculating prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% CI by Poisson regression. The association between asthma prevalence socio-demographic and health variables was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Current prevalence of asthma and cumulative prevalence of asthma increased per study period an average of 14%. Asthma attack prevalence in the last 12 months increased an average of 19%. It was associated (statistically significant) to an increase of current prevalence of asthma, cumulative prevalence of asthma and asthma attack prevalence in the last 12 months: being a woman, ORa: 1.55; ORa: 1.35 and ORa: 1.46 respectively; have poor self-perceived health, ORa: 3.09; ORa: 2.63 and ORa: 2.89; and intense physical activity, ORa: 1.48; ORa: 1.32 and ORa: 1.49. In the case of current prevalence of asthma and cumulative prevalence of asthma also be studying, ORa: 1.34 and ORa: 1.46 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported asthma prevalence increased in the last decades. The prevalence was higher in woman, persons with poor self-perceived health and adults with intense physical activity.


OBJETIVO: El asma representa un importante problema de salud pública. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la evolución de la prevalencia de asma autopercibido en la Comunidad de Madrid y su asociación con factores sociodemográficos y de salud. METODOS: Se incluyó a la población de 18 a 64 años de la Comunidad de Madrid. La fuente de información fue el Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo de Enfermedades No transmisibles (SIVFRENT-A). El período de estudio fue de 1996 a 2013 dividido en cinco etapas. Se estimaron las prevalencias y sus intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%) para prevalencia de asma actual, prevalencia acumulada de asma y crisis asmática en los últimos 12 meses en cinco períodos. Los cambios en la prevalencia interperiodo se estimaron calculando razones de prevalencia (RP) y su IC95% mediante regresión de Poisson. Mediante regresión logística multivariante se evaluó la asociación entre la prevalencia de asma y las variables sociodemográficas y las de salud. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia actual y la acumulada de asma aumentaron de media por periodo de estudio un 14%. La prevalencia de crisis asmática en los últimos 12 meses aumentó un 19%. Se asociaron de forma estadísticamente significativa a mayor prevalencia de asma actual, mayor prevalencia acumulada de asma y mayor prevalencia de crisis asmática en los últimos 12 meses ser mujer (prevalencia actual: ORa: 1,55; ORa: 1,35 y ORa: 1,46 respectivamente), tener mala salud autopercibida (ORa: 3,09; ORa: 2,63 y ORa: 2,89 respectivamente) y realizar actividad física intensa (ORa: 1,48; ORa: 1,32 y ORa: 1,49 respectivamente) y ser estudiante se asoció con mayor prevalencia de asma actual y prevalencia acumulada de asma (ORa: 1,34; ORa: 1,46 respectivamente). CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de asma autopercibida es mayor en las últimas décadas. Ser mujer, tener una mala salud autopercibida y realizar actividad física intensa se asocian a una mayor prevalencia.


Subject(s)
Asthma/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiology , Young Adult
4.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 91: 0-0, 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-162994

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: El asma representa un importante problema de salud pública. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la evolución de la prevalencia de asma autopercibido en la Comunidad de Madrid y su asociación con factores sociodemográficos y de salud. Métodos: Se incluyó a la población de 18 a 64 años de la Comunidad de Madrid. La fuente de información fue el Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo de Enfermedades No transmisibles (SIVFRENT-A). El período de estudio fue de 1996 a 2013 dividido en cinco etapas. Se estimaron las prevalencias y sus intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%) para prevalencia de asma actual, prevalencia acumulada de asma y crisis asmática en los últimos 12 meses en cinco períodos. Los cambios en la prevalencia interperiodo se estimaron calculando razones de prevalencia (RP) y su IC95% mediante regresión de Poisson. Mediante regresión logística multivariante se evaluó la asociación entre la prevalencia de asma y las variables sociodemográficas y las de salud. Resultados: La prevalencia actual y la acumulada de asma aumentaron de media por periodo de estudio un 14%. La prevalencia de crisis asmática en los últimos 12 meses aumentó un 19%. Se asociaron de forma estadísticamente significativa a mayor prevalencia de asma actual, mayor prevalencia acumulada de asma y mayor prevalencia de crisis asmática en los últimos 12 meses ser mujer (ORa: 1,55; ORa: 1,35 y ORa: 1,46 respectivamente), tener mala salud autopercibida (ORa: 3,09; ORa: 2,63 y ORa: 2,89 respectivamente) y realizar actividad física intensa (ORa: 1,48; ORa: 1,32 y ORa: 1,49 respectivamente) y ser estudiante se asoció con mayor prevalencia de asma actual y prevalencia acumulada de asma (ORa: 1,34; ORa: 1,46 respectivamente). Conclusión: La prevalencia de asma autopercibida es mayor en las últimas décadas. Ser mujer, tener una mala salud autopercibida y realizar actividad física intensa se asocian a una mayor prevalencia (AU)


Background: Asthma is an important public health issue. The goal of this study was to analyse the trends in self-reported asthma prevalence in the Madrid Region and its association with socio-demographic and health factors. Methods: Data from the “Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Surveillance System” in adult population [SIVFRENT-A] 1996-2013 were used. Prevalences and 95% CI were estimated for: current asthma, cumulative prevalence of asthma and asthma attack in the last 12 months, in five periods. Changes in inter-period prevalence were estimated by calculating prevalence ratios [PR] with 95% CI by Poisson regression. The association between asthma prevalence socio-demographic and health variables was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression. Results: Current prevalence of asthma and cumulative prevalence of asthma increased per study period an average of 14%. Asthma attack prevalence in the last 12 months increased an average of 19%. It was associated [statistically significant] to an increase of current prevalence of asthma, cumulative prevalence of asthma and asthma attack prevalence in the last 12 months: being a woman [ORa: 1.55; ORa: 1.35 and ORa: 1.46 respectively]; have poor self-perceived health, [ORa: 3.09; ORa: 2.63 and ORa: 2.89]; and intense physical activity [ORa: 1.48; ORa: 1.32 and ORa: 1.49]. In the case of current prevalence of asthma and cumulative prevalence of asthma also be studying [ORa: 1.34 and ORa: 1.46 respectively]. Conclusion: Self-reported asthma prevalence increased in the last decades. The prevalence was higher in woman, persons with poor self-perceived health and adults with intense physical activity (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Asthma/epidemiology , Public Health/methods , Status Asthmaticus/epidemiology , Motor Activity/physiology , Epidemiological Monitoring , Spain/epidemiology , Confidence Intervals , Logistic Models , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Risk Factors , Cluster Sampling , 28599 , Multivariate Analysis , Surveys and Questionnaires
5.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 88(5): 639-52, 2014 Oct.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25327272

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Dating violence in young adults is an important public health issue because of its magnitude and impact on health. The goal of this study is to determine the prevalence 12 months before the survey by sex and its association with socio-demographic and health risk behavior. METHODS: Data were drawn from the Non-communicable Disease Risk-Factor Surveillance System in young people (Spanish acronym, SIVFRENT-J), on a representative sample of students of the fourth-year of secondary education (15 to 16 years) in Madrid Region. The students were asked whether they had ever suffered any physical violence (PV) and/or sexual violence (SV) dating episodes. Prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CI95%) of the occurrence of such episodes were estimated; generalized linear models with binomial family and logarithmic link were used to estimate the association between physical and/or sexual violence (PSV) and health risk behavior through prevalence ratios (PR, CI95%). RESULTS: In 1713 dating girls and 1664 dating boys, the prevalence of PV was 2.9% (CI95%:2.0-3.9) and 4.0% (CI95%:2.9-5.0) (p>0.05), SV 5.3% (CI95%:4.1-6.5) and 2.4% (CI95%:1.6-3.2) (p< 0.001) and PSV 7.1% (CI95%:5.6-8.6) and 5.1% (CI95%:4.0-6.3) (p<0.05) in that order. In the girls explanatory model, PSV was associated with eating disorders PR:1.74 (CI95%:1.14-2.66), sexual risk behavior (SRB), PR:1.67 (CI95%:1.11-2.50), excessive alcohol consumption, PR:1.57 (CI95%:1.06-2.34) and worse perceived health, PR:1.67 (CI95%:1.08-2.57). In boys, PSV was associated with having been born in a country other than Spain, PR:2.05 (CI95%:1.32-3.18), eating disorders, PR:2.79 (CI95%:1.58-4.92), SRB, PR:2.22 (CI95%:1.34-3.66) and drug consumption, PR:2.14 (CI95%:1.39-3.28). CONCLUSION: VFS was higher in girls and was associated to others health risk factors with similar characteristics according to sex.


Subject(s)
Risk-Taking , Violence/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Confidence Intervals , Emigrants and Immigrants/statistics & numerical data , Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology , Female , Health Behavior , Health Surveys , Humans , Interpersonal Relations , Male , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Sexual Behavior , Spain/epidemiology , Students , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
6.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 88(5): 639-652, sept.-oct. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-124326

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: La violencia de pareja en jóvenes es un importante problema de salud pública por su magnitud y repercusiones. El objetivo fue estimar su prevalencia según sexo y su asociación con factores sociodemográficos y conductas de riesgo para la salud. Métodos: Se utilizó el Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo de Enfermedades No Transmisibles en población juvenil (SIVFRENT-J) 2011-2012 en una muestra representativa de estudiantes de 4º curso de la Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria (15 a 16 años) de la Comunidad deMadrid. Se preguntó por violencia física (VF) y violencia sexual (VS). Se calculó la prevalencia con intervalos de confianza al 95%(IC95%). La asociación entre violencia física y/o sexual (VFS) y conductas de riesgo para la salud se analizó con la razón de prevalencia (RP IC95%) mediante modelos lineales generalizados con vínculo logarítmico y familia binomial. Resultados: En 1.713 chicas y 1.664 chicos con pareja la prevalencia de VF fue respectivamente del 2,9% (IC95%:2,0-3,9) y del 4,0% (IC95%:2,9- 5,0) (p>0,05), la de VS fue del 5,3% (IC95%:4,1-6,5) y 2,4% (IC95%:1,6- 3,2) (p<0,001) y la de VFS 7,1% (IC95%:5,6-8,6) y 5,1%(IC95%:4,0-6,3) (p<0,05). En chicas, en los modelos explicativos, la VFS se asoció con desorden alimentario: RP:1,74 (IC95%:1,14-2,66), conducta sexual de riesgo (CSR): RP:1,67 (IC95%:1,11-2,50), consumo excesivo de alcohol, RP:1,57 (IC95%:1,06-2,34) y mala salud percibida, RP:1,67 (IC95%:1,08-2,57). En chicos, la VFS se asoció con ser extranjero: RP:2,05 (IC95%:1,32-3,18), desorden alimentario: RP:2,79 (IC95%:1,58-4,92), CSR: RP:2,22 (IC95%:1,34- 3,66) y consumo de drogas: RP:2,14 (IC95%:1,39-3,28). Conclusiones: La VFS predomina en chicas y se asocia a diferentesconductas de riesgo según el sexo (AU)


Background: Dating violence in young adults is an important public health issue because of itsmagnitude and impact on health. The goal of this study is to determine the prevalence 12 months before the survey by sex and its association with socio-demographic and health risk behavior. Methods: Data were drawn from the Non-communicable Disease Risk-Factor Surveillance Systemin young people (Spanish acronym, SIVFRENT- J), on a representative sample of students of the fourth-year of secondary education (15 to 16 years) inMadrid Region. The students were asked whether they had ever suffered any physical violence (PV) and/or sexual violence (SV) dating episodes. Prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CI95%) of the occurrence of such episodes were estimated; generalized linear models with binomial family and logarithmic link were used to estimate the association between physical and/or sexual violence (PSV) and health risk behavior through prevalence ratios (PR, CI95%). Results: In 1713 dating girls and 1664 dating boys, the prevalence of PV was 2.9% (CI95%:2.0-3.9) and 4.0% (CI95%:2.9-5.0) (p>0.05), SV 5.3% (CI95%:4.1-6.5) and 2.4% (CI95%:1.6-3.2) (p< 0.001) and PSV 7.1% (CI95%:5.6-8.6) and 5.1% (CI95%:4.0-6.3) (p<0.05) in that order. In the girls explanatory model, PSV was associated with eating disorders PR:1.74 (CI95%:1.14-2.66), sexual risk behavior (SRB), PR:1.67 (CI95%:1.11-2.50), excessive alcohol consumption, PR:1.57 (CI95%:1.06-2.34) and worse perceived health, PR:1.67 (CI95%:1.08-2.57). In boys, PSV was associated with having been born in a country other than Spain, PR:2.05 (CI95%:1.32-3.18), eating disorders, PR:2.79 (CI95%:1.58-4.92), SRB, PR:2.22 (CI95%:1.34- 3.66) and drug consumption, PR:2.14 (CI95%:1.39-3.28). Conclusion: VFS was higher in girls and was associated to others health risk factors with similar characteristics according to sex (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Spouse Abuse/statistics & numerical data , Violence Against Women , Adolescent Behavior , Sexual Partners , Life Style , Sexual Behavior , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Conduct Disorder/epidemiology
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