Subject(s)
Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Postoperative Complications/therapy , Pulmonary Artery/surgery , Subclavian Artery/surgery , Adolescent , Anastomosis, Surgical , Catheterization/instrumentation , Catheterization/methods , Embolization, Therapeutic/instrumentation , Female , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Heart Ventricles/abnormalities , HumansSubject(s)
Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Adolescent , Aortic Valve Stenosis/congenital , Aortic Valve Stenosis/physiopathology , Blood Pressure , Cardiomegaly/diagnostic imaging , Child , Child, Preschool , Electrocardiography , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Postoperative Complications/etiology , RadiographyABSTRACT
Cervical aortic arch is a rare congenital vascular anomaly. Usually it appears as an asymptomatic pulsatile cervical mass, but symptoms of tracheal and esophageal compression may be present in 25% of the patients. About 40% of cases are associated with vascular or heart abnormalities. Angiography provides definitive diagnosis. Authors report two patients with right cervical aortic arch, one of them associated with aortic coarctation, and review 52 published cases.
Subject(s)
Aorta, Thoracic/abnormalities , Aortic Coarctation/etiology , Aorta, Thoracic/diagnostic imaging , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , RadiographyABSTRACT
Previous angiographic studies have shown that coronary spasm occurs in association with the variant angina described by Prinzmetal, confirming his original hypothesis. In this work we recorded the heart rate changes and the incidence of arrhythmias during variant angina. The patients were divided into two groups: anterior, with electrocardiographic signs of anterior ischaemia, and inferior, with changes in the inferior leads. There was a significant increase of heart rate during pain in anterior myocardial ischaemia and a significant decrease when the ischaemia was inferior. The incidence of ectopic arrhythmias during pain was significantly greater in patients with anterior ischaemia, but there was a high incidence of atrioventricular block in patients with inferior ischaemia. We suggest that these findings can be explained by different responses of the automatic nervous system to anterior and inferior acute myocardial ischaemia.
Subject(s)
Angina Pectoris, Variant/physiopathology , Angina Pectoris/physiopathology , Heart Conduction System/physiopathology , Heart Rate , Adult , Aged , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Coronary Angiography , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
4 cases of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are reported. In all of them, the onset of symptoms occurred before the 8th mth of life, and were characterized by severe right cardiac failure. In 3 cases the catheterization revealed significant decrease in right ventricular compliance and severe reduction of its cavity. The pathological studies were consistent with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with predominant involvement of the right ventricle. The pedigree disclosed a Mendelian autosomal recessive type of inheritance.
Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/genetics , Female , Heart/diagnostic imaging , Heart Ventricles/pathology , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology , Hemodynamics , Humans , Infant , Male , Pedigree , RadiographyABSTRACT
Left ventricular reflexes have in the past been investigated in anaesthetised animals, generally using an open chest technique. We have studied the degree of bradycardia occurring during coronary arteriography in 200 patients with a view to localising the origin of the ventricular reflexes. We have correlated the decrease of sinus rate with the anatomical distribution and integrity of the coronary tree. The degree of bradycardia was not influenced by the origin of the sinus node or the AV node arteries, while there was a good correlation with the injection of contrast medium into the artery which supplied the inferior wall of the left ventricle. The occurrence of transient sinus arrest was also correlated with the injection into the same artery. The results suggest that the parasympathetic receptors are located mainly in the inferior wall of the left ventricle. This may well be the explanation for the clinical picture of bradycardia, hypotension, and peripheral vasodilatation often seen in acute inferior myocardial infarction.
