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Med. segur. trab ; 51(201): 27-36, dic. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-056181

ABSTRACT

profesional, está caracterizado por cansancio emocional, despersonalización y falta de realización personal. Es un estrés laboral frecuente entre trabajadores con profesiones asistenciales como asistencia sanitaria y enseñanza. Objetivo: Determinar la influencia de factores sociodemográficos y laborales en la prevalencia del burnout del personal sanitario hospitalario. Métodos: Participaron 126 profesionales sanitarios de cuidados paliativos, intensivos y urgencias del hospital Gregorio Marañón de Madrid. Todos cumplimentaron un cuestionario de características sociodemográficas y laborales, y el "Maslach Burnout Inventory", en versión española validada para sanitarios, que valora el nivel de burnout. El análisis estadístico: "t" de Student, test de Kolmogorov-Smirnov y ANOVA. Resultados: Por servicios: los niveles más altos de burnout se observaron en urgencias, seguidos de intensivos y paliativos (diferencias significativas). Profesionales de enfermería presentaban niveles más altos de burnout, mostrando diferencias significativas con los obtenidos en médicos. Turno de trabajo: niveles más altos de burnout en turno de tarde, que en otros obteniéndose diferencias significativas. Se observaron diferencias significativas en burnout y componentes (CE, DP y FR) según sexo, edad y estado civil entre trabajadores de los tres servicios, pero no según antigüedad profesional. Conclusiones: El nivel de burnout varía en los tres servicios analizados. Encontramos relación entre burnout y determinadas variables sociodemográficas y laborales


Background: The burnout syndrome is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decrease of the feeling of personal accomplishment. It is a type of occupational stress frequent in the helping professions and the most affected professions are healthcare professionals and teaching. Objective: To determine the influence of occupational and sociodemographic factors in the prevalence of burnout in hospital health workers. Methods: 126 healthcare professionals belonging to palliative, intensive and urgency services of Gregorio Marañón Hospital participate in the study. A general questionnaire and a Spanish version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory were used. The statistical analysis included: the Student "t" test, the Kolmogorov- Smirnov test and the ANOVA. Results: For services, the most high burnout levels were observed in urgency services in a row of intensive and palliative care units (differences were significant). For professions, the most high burnout levels were observed in nurses and significant differences were obtained with respect to physicians. For work shifts: higher burnout levels in evening shifts than in morning or night shifts. Significant differences were also observed with respect to sex, age and civil state, but not for professional antiquity. Conclusions: The level of burnout is different in the three services analyzed. We found a correlation between burnout and several sociodemographic and occupational conditions


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Personnel, Hospital/psychology , Personnel, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Statistics, Nonparametric , Socioeconomic Factors , Analysis of Variance , Surveys and Questionnaires , Spain
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