ABSTRACT
The construct of familismo has been identified as a potential protective cultural value in Hispanic cultures. This paper considers familismo and alcohol use among young people in Mexico. We conducted a qualitative study using ethnographic open ended interviews with 117 first year students at a large free public university in Mexico City between April-May 2011. The findings indicate that dimensions of familismo can act as protective factors against misuse of alcohol among Mexican youths and may be protective for moderate drinking. Future research should explore the relationship of familismo to gender roles and other cultural values during adolescence. Given the enduring influence of Mexican cultural values among Mexican Americans the research has implications for prevention programs for both Mexican and Mexican American youths.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To assess the management of oral anti-coagulation treatment (OAT) by family doctors and nurses from a health centre (HC) during its first year. DESIGN: Descriptive cross-sectional study.Setting. La Chana, an urban HC in Granada, covering 19,362 inhabitants in family care units. PARTICIPANTS: 220 patients with acenocumarol prescribed during the year 2000. The criterion for inclusion was to have at least 3 OAT check-ups a year. 24 people were excluded.Interventions. Recruitment by personal invitation at the clinic. Capillary blood analyses and dose adjustments by the 10 nurses and 10 family doctors of the HC. Internationally recognised therapeutic ranges. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Prevalence of OAT: prescriptions of acenocumarol. Recruitment: patients monitored at the HC. INDICATIONS: those found in the clinical records. Monitoring: % of patients with INR within range in final annual check-up. COMPLICATIONS: rate of haemorrhages, thrombo-embolic accidents and other secondary effects. RESULTS: 196 patients followed OAT, a prevalence of 10.12 per thousand, with 19.6 patients per family doctor. The HC monitored 122 (62.24%); and the hospital, 74 (37.76%). The HC carried out 1,224 check-ups, 208 in the homes of 21 patients. There were 70.5% within the therapeutic range. Only 13% were in a situation of dose adjustment. Most common indications: non-rheumatic auricular fibrillation 65, TVP/TEP 27, mechanical cardiac prostheses 22. There were no fatal haemorrhages. Major haemorrhages ran at 2.22% of patients a year; and minor ones, at 6.68%. There were no thrombo-embolic accidents. There were two skin allergies. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed good results, in line with the findings of other studies.
Subject(s)
Anticoagulants/administration & dosage , Administration, Oral , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Female , Hospitals, Urban , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Spain , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Objetivos. Valorar el manejo del tratamiento anticoagulante oral (TAO) por médicos de familia (MF) y enfermeras de un centro de salud (CS) en el primer año de su realización. Diseño. Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Emplazamiento. CS urbano de Granada, La Chana, con 19.362 habitantes, en 10 unidades de atención familiar (UAF). Participantes. Un total de 220 pacientes con prescripciones de acenocumarol en el año 2000. El criterio de inclusión era tener al menos 3 controles del TAO anuales. Se excluyeron 24. Intervenciones. Captación por invitación personal en consulta. Analíticas en sangre capilar y ajustes de dosis por las 10 enfermeras y 10 MF del CS. Rangos terapéuticos internacionalmente establecidos. Mediciones principales. Prevalencia del TAO, prescripciones de acenocumarol. Captación, pacientes controlados en el CS. Indicaciones, recogidas de la historia clínica. Grado de control, porcentaje de pacientes con INR en rango en último control anual. Complicaciones, tasa de hemorragias, accidentes tromboembólicos y otros efectos secundarios. Resultados. Un total de 196 pacientes siguen TAO; prevalencia, 10,12 por mil, con 19,6 pacientes por MF; el CS controla 122 (62,24 por ciento) y 74 (37,76 por ciento) el hospital. El CS realiza 1.224 controles, 208 en los domicilios de 21 pacientes. Hay un 70,5 por ciento en rango terapéutico. Sólo un 13 por ciento estaba en situación de ajuste de dosis. Indicaciones más frecuentes: fibrilación auricular no reumática, 65; TVP/TEP, 27; prótesis cardíacas mecánicas, 22. No hubo hemorragias fatales. La tasa de hemorragias mayores fue de 2,22 por ciento pacientes-año y la de menores de 6,68 por ciento pacientes-año. No se presentaron accidentes tromboembólicos. Se detectaron 2 alergias cutáneas. Conclusiones. Se obtienen buenos resultados, en línea con lo encontrado en otros estudios (AU)
