ABSTRACT
Fundamentos El estilo de vida es un constructo teórico que está formado por los hábitos de vida de un sujeto. El análisis y la cuantificación objetivable del estilo de vida, puede tener un gran impacto sobre la salud de las personas, así como en la evolución del estado de la misma con el transcurso de los años. El objetivo de la presente investigación ha sido la validación de la Escala de valoración del estilo de vida saludable adquirido (E-VEVSA) en adultos españoles. Métodos Sobre una muestra inicial para las pruebas exploratorias de 248 sujetos y final para las pruebas confirmatorias de 780 sujetos, de edades comprendidas entre los 22 y 72 años de edad, se realizaron pruebas psicométricas exploratorias y confirmatorias basadas en el estadístico alfa de Cronbach (fiabilidad) y análisis factorial exploratorio con rotación oblicua (oblimin) y confirmatorio con rotación varimax (validez de constructo), que dieron lugar a un instrumento definitivo formado por 52 ítems y estructurado en siete dimensiones: Responsabilidad individual en el cuidado de la salud (nueve ítems), hábitos de práctica físico-deportiva (seis ítems), hábitos de salud en las relaciones sociales (10 ítems), hábito de consumo de tabaco y alcohol (nueve ítems), hábito de alimentación saludable (siete ítems), hábito de salud psicológica (seis ítems) y hábito de descanso y sueño diario (cinco ítems). Resultados Todos los ítems explicaron una varianza total de 66,87% y un alfa de Cronbach de 0,894, estando por encima de 0,700 el alfa parcial de cada dimensión o factor. Conclusiones Los resultados arrojan pruebas psicométricas que confirman la validez de la escala E-VEVSA como un instrumento útil para medir el estilo de vida saludable adquirido en personas adultas (AU)
Background Lifestyle is a theoretical construct that is formed by the life habits of a subject. The analysis and objective quantification of lifestyle can have a great impact on people's health, as well as on the evolution of its status over the years. The objective of this research has been the validation of the Acquired Healthy Lifestyle Assessment Scale (E-VEVSA) in Spanish adults. Method On an initial sample for the exploratory tests of 248 subjects and a final sample for the confirmatory tests of 780 subjects, aged between 22 and 72 years of age. Exploratory and confirmatory psychometric tests were carried out based on the Cronbach's alpha statistic (reliability) and exploratory factorial analysis with oblique rotation (oblimin) and confirmatory with varimax rotation (construct validity), which resulted in an instrument made up of 52 items and structured in 7 dimensions: individual responsibility in health care (9 items), habits of physical-sports practice (6 items), health habits in social relationships (10 items), habit of tobacco and alcohol consumption (9 items), habit of healthy eating (7 items), psychological health habits (6 items) and daily rest and sleep habits (5 items). Results All the items explained a total variance of 66.87% and a Cronbach's alpha of .894, with the partial alpha of each dimension or factor being above .700. Conclusions The results show psychometric tests that confirm the validity of the E-VEVSA scale as a useful instrument to measure the healthy lifestyle acquired among adults (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Healthy Lifestyle , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Quality of Life , Spain , PsychometricsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Lifestyle is a theoretical construct that is formed by the life habits of a subject. The analysis and objective quantification of lifestyle can have a great impact on people's health, as well as on the evolution of its status over the years. The objective of this research has been the validation of the Acquired Healthy Lifestyle Assessment Scale (E-VEVSA) in Spanish adults. METHOD: On an initial sample for the exploratory tests of 248 subjects and a final sample for the confirmatory tests of 780 subjects, aged between 22 and 72 years of age. Exploratory and confirmatory psychometric tests were carried out based on the Cronbach's alpha statistic (reliability) and exploratory factorial analysis with oblique rotation (oblimin) and confirmatory with varimax rotation (construct validity), which resulted in an instrument made up of 52 items and structured in 7 dimensions: individual responsibility in health care (9 items), habits of physical-sports practice (6 items), health habits in social relationships (10 items), habit of tobacco and alcohol consumption (9 items), habit of healthy eating (7 items), psychological health habits (6 items) and daily rest and sleep habits (5 items). RESULTS: All the items explained a total variance of 66.87% and a Cronbach's alpha of .894, with the partial alpha of each dimension or factor being above .700. CONCLUSIONS: The results show psychometric tests that confirm the validity of the E-VEVSA scale as a useful instrument to measure the healthy lifestyle acquired among adults.
Subject(s)
Healthy Lifestyle , Life Style , Adult , Humans , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Surveys and Questionnaires , Spain , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
Introducción: El sedentarismo es señalado en la literatura internacional como una de las principales causas de la aparición de algunos factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Objetivo: Valorar la influencia de un programa de ejercicio físico terapéutico en diferentes indicadores clínicos relacionados con la dislipidemia (colesterol total, HDL y LDL), en sujetos sedentarios que presentan algún factor de riesgo cardiovascular. Método: Estudio de intervención con evaluación antes y después de una muestra formada por 340 pacientes (132 varones y 208 mujeres) derivados de los 2 centros de atención primaria del municipio de Molina de Segura (Murcia) y que participaron en un programa de 30 semanas de ejercicio físico que combinaba circuitos de trabajo de acondicionamiento muscular con otros de resistencia cardiorrespiratoria. En cuanto a los indicadores clínicos, los profesionales sanitarios recogieron en el historial médico aquellos indicadores de salud correspondientes a la evolución biológica del proceso por el cual los sujetos estudiados habían iniciado el programa de ejercicio físico. Resultados: Los análisis estadísticos muestran una mejora significativa (p < 0,005) en el indicador de LDL y una mejora no significativa en los indicadores de colesterol total y HDL tras la realización de un programa de 3 meses de ejercicio físico con una frecuencia de 3 sesiones semanales. Conclusiones: La prescripción de ejercicio físico en sujetos dislipémicos desde los centros de atención primaria se debe valorar como recurso para la mejora de los indicadores clínicos propios de su enfermedad
Introduction: A sedentary lifestyle is indicated in the international literature as one of the main causes for the onset of some cardiovascular risk factors. Objective: To assess the effect of a therapeutic physical exercise programme on different clinical indicators related to dyslipidaemia (total cholesterol, HDL and LDL) in sedentary subjects with a cardiovascular risk factor. Method: Intervention study with before-and-after evaluation of a sample of 340 patients (132 males and 208 females) referred from the 2 primary care centres of the municipality of Molina de Segura (Murcia), and who participated in a 30-week programme of physical exercise combining muscle-conditioning work circuits with other cardio-respiratory resistance workouts. Regarding the clinical indicators, the health professionals collected in the medical history the health indicators corresponding to the biological evolution of the process for which the subjects studied had started the physical exercise programme. Results: The statistical analyses showed a significant improvement (p<.005) in the LDL indicator and a non-significant improvement in total and HDL cholesterol indicators after a 3-month exercise programme of 3 weekly sessions. Conclusions: The prescription of physical exercise in dyslipidaemic subjects from primary care centre should be evaluated as a resource for improving the clinical indicators specific to their pathology
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Dyslipidemias/prevention & control , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Sedentary Behavior , Exercise/physiology , Early Medical Intervention/methods , Primary Health Care , Dyslipidemias/complications , Risk Factors , 28599 , Cross-Sectional Studies , Preventive Health Services , Data Analysis , Cholesterol/analysis , Age DistributionABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: A sedentary lifestyle is indicated in the international literature as one of the main causes for the onset of some cardiovascular risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of a therapeutic physical exercise programme on different clinical indicators related to dyslipidaemia (total cholesterol, HDL and LDL) in sedentary subjects with a cardiovascular risk factor. METHOD: Intervention study with before-and-after evaluation of a sample of 340 patients (132 males and 208 females) referred from the 2 primary care centres of the municipality of Molina de Segura (Murcia), and who participated in a 30-week programme of physical exercise combining muscle-conditioning work circuits with other cardio-respiratory resistance workouts. Regarding the clinical indicators, the health professionals collected in the medical history the health indicators corresponding to the biological evolution of the process for which the subjects studied had started the physical exercise programme. RESULTS: The statistical analyses showed a significant improvement (p<.005) in the LDL indicator and a non-significant improvement in total and HDL cholesterol indicators after a 3-month exercise programme of 3 weekly sessions. CONCLUSIONS: The prescription of physical exercise in dyslipidaemic subjects from primary care centre should be evaluated as a resource for improving the clinical indicators specific to their pathology.
Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Dyslipidemias/therapy , Exercise Therapy/methods , Sedentary Behavior , Adult , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Cholesterol/blood , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Controlled Before-After Studies , Dyslipidemias/complications , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Primary Health Care , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the reliability of end-tidal CO2 (PetCO2) as a non-invasive guide of PaCO2 in the newborn and to analyze the influence of the relationship between ventilation-perfusion in the correlation between both determinations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: End-tidal CO2 (PetCO2) was monitored by capnography in 9 ventilated newborns: 146 arterial blood gas samples were drawn and the results were compared with the PetCO2 values obtained. The gradient or difference between PaCO2 and PetCO2 was calculated to determine the correlation. The ratio a/AO2 was used as an indirect indicator of the ventilation/perfusion relationship (V/Q ratio). RESULTS: The mean gestational age was 30.9 +/- 2.8 weeks and birth weight 1,648 +/- 596 g. The age at the beginning of the study was 2 +/- 1.5 days. The diagnoses corresponded to 5 cases of RDS (56%), 2 cases of wet lung syndrome (22%), 1 case of pneumonia (11%) and 1 pneumothorax (11%). The results of this monitoring were classified in function of the a/AO2 ratio obtained: Group A, a/AO2 < 0.2 and PaCO2-PetCO2 gradient = 13.3 +/- 5; Group B, a/AO2 = 0.2-0.29 and PaCO2-PetCO2 gradient = 8 +/- 2.7; and Group C, a/AO2 > 0.29 and PaCO2-PetCO2 gradient = 2 +/- 1.7. The results show a very good correlation from a a/AO2 ratio > or = 0.3 onwards. The a/AO2 ratio is the major determinant of PaCO2-PetCO2 differences and respiratory frequency has less influence. CONCLUSIONS: 1) Monitoring of end-tidal CO2 does not maintain a good correlation with PaCO2 in serious lung illness. 2) End-tidal CO2 measurement is an effective and accurate technique for the monitoring of newborns when the a/AO2 ratio > or = 0.3 and it can be useful for weaning of mechanical ventilation. 3) PaCO2-PetCO2 differences accurately show the changes in the ventilation-perfusion relationship.
Subject(s)
Capnography/methods , Carbon Dioxide/analysis , Intensive Care, Neonatal , Blood Gas Analysis , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Lung Diseases/diagnosis , MaleSubject(s)
Ampicillin/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Candida/pathogenicity , Endocarditis/drug therapy , Endocarditis/etiology , Gentamicins/therapeutic use , Ampicillin/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Electrocardiography , Endocarditis/diagnostic imaging , Gentamicins/administration & dosage , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Male , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the effectivity, results and complications after application of HFOV in a group of newborns with serious respiratory distress. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between February and October 1995, HFOV was required by 18 newborns in the NICU of the Hospital "La Fe" of Valencia, as ventilatory rescue therapy because of the failure of conventional ventilation in 10 cases (group A) and serious air leaks in 8 cases (group B). We used pure HFOV without superimposed cycles of conventional IMV following a high volume-high pressure strategy. Among the lung pathology, RDS was most frequent (11/18). RESULTS: Twenty-four hours after beginning HFOV, a decrease of the FiO2 was obtained in group A from 0.89 to 0.4 and in group B from 0.7 to 0.4. Oxygenation, ventilation, OI and a/AO2 ration also improved. In the group with conventional ventilation failure, this improvement was significant for all parameters in the first two hours after the start of HFOV (p < 0.01). In the group with air leaks, all parameters improved at two hours, but this change was significant only for oxygenation (p < 0.01). Four newborns died (22%) in the first month. CONCLUSIONS: HFOV is an effective and secure ventilatory method when conventional ventilation fails or serious air leaks occur. Important improvement in oxygenation and ventilation is obtained during the first two hours and it is possible to decrease the oxygen requirements at 24 hours after the start of HFOV.
Subject(s)
Emphysema/therapy , Pneumothorax/therapy , Respiration, Artificial , Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Headache either as an isolated syndrome or as part of a symptomatic grouping is a frequent reason for medical consultation or hospitalization during childhood and adolescence. We review 94 clinical histories of patients between three and thirteen years of age. Headache was the reason for being hospitalized in all cases. Our aim was to assess its incidence rate, epidemiology, clinical characteristics and etiology in addition to evaluating as to whether complementary examinations carried out during hospitalization were worthwhile. Among the most significant results were the following: age (73 patients were over seven years old, 77.6%), time elapsed for symptomatology to evolve (exactly or less than one week in 45% of cases); family history of migraine in 55 cases (58.5%). The most frequent accompanying symptoms were vomiting (38.2%), nausea (22.3%) and abdominal pain (19.1%). Physical exam was normal in 63 cases (67%) while sixteen patients (17%) had neurological focal signs and/or signs of endocranial hypertension (ECHT). Electroencephalography was performed on 94.6% of the patients and proved pathological in 22 cases (25%). Brain computerized tomography (CT) scan was carried out on 92.5% of the patients with space occupying lesions in 3.2% of the cases. The most frequent final diagnosis (52% of patients) was one of migraine. We did not find any patients with intracranial expansionary processes not showing signs of ECHT and/or neurological focalization, for which reason we doubt the profitability of the almost routine practice of carrying out brain CT scan on patients when severe headache is the sole symptom and where there are no specific findings during physical examination.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
